scholarly journals Assessment of molecular and phenotypic diversity among winter wheat cultivars

Genetika ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 583-598 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonja Petrovic ◽  
Sonja Maric ◽  
Tihomir Cupic ◽  
A. Rebekic ◽  
Ivana Rukavina
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Phenotypic Diversity ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Phenotypic Data ◽  
Winter Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Morphologic Data ◽  
Diversity Estimates

Comparing results of different genetic diversity estimates can be useful in parental selection for plant breeders. Forty winter wheat cultivars, from three Croatian breeding centres and four foreign countries, were used to utilize and compare agronomic, morphologic and molecular based genetic diversity estimates. Ten morphologic descriptors according to UPOV guidelines and eight agronomic traits were used to establish phenotypic data. Molecular data consisted of 26 SSR and four combinations of AFLP markers, covering all three wheat genomes. Agro-morphologic data showed variability especially regarding plant height (CV=18.44%), yield (CV=22.02%), and ear emergence (range=8). Discriminant analysis confirmed grouping among cultivars was mostly influenced by number of days to heading and yield. The four AFLP primer combinations and 26 SSR markers yielded 108 polymorphic bands. The UPGMA based on phenotypic data, arranged cultivars in four clusters, with one distinctive outlier, cultivar U1. The UPGMA based on molecular data also arranged cultivars in four clusters, with one distinctive outlier, cultivar Antonius. The similarities based on all four genetic diversity estimates reflected, on average, the degree of relatedness of cultivars used. No correlations between phenotypic and molecular data were found implying that both types of data should be used for genetic diversity estimates in order to cover wider variability between tested cultivars.

Genetic Improvement in Agronomic Traits of Hard Red Winter Wheat Cultivars 1919 to 1987

Crop Science ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 756-760 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. S. Cox ◽  
J. P. Shroyer ◽  
Liu Ben‐Hui ◽  
R. G. Sears ◽  
T. J. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Genetic Improvement ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Hard Red Winter Wheat ◽  
Winter Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Red Winter Wheat

scholarly journals Agronomic Traits Analysis of Ten Winter Wheat Cultivars Clustered by UAV-Derived Vegetation Indices

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano Marino ◽  
Arturo Alvino
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Vegetation Indices ◽  
Ground Truth ◽  
Accurate Estimation ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Yield Data ◽  
Related Data ◽  
High Data ◽  
Winter Wheat Cultivars

Timely and accurate estimation of crop yield variability before harvest is crucial in precision farming. This study is aimed to evaluate the ability of cluster analysis based on Vegetation Indices (VIs) that were obtained from UAVs to predict the spatial variability on agronomic traits of ten winter wheat cultivars. Five VIs groups were identified and the ground truth yield-related data were analyzed for clusters validation. The yield data revealed a value of 6.91 t ha−1 for the first cluster with the highest VIs value and a decrease of −12%, −21%, and −27% for the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th clusters; respectively; the 5th cluster; with the lowest VIs value showed the lower yield values (4 t ha−1). Agronomic traits, such as dry biomass, spike numbers, and weight were grouped according to VIs clusters and analyzed and showed the same trends. The analysis of spatial distribution and agronomic data of the ten cultivars within the single clusters highlighted that the most productive varieties showing a greater value of spike weight and numbers and a greater presence of areas with high values of VIs and vice versa the less productive once, though two cultivars showed productions not linked to cluster classification and high data range variability were recorded. Cluster identified by high-resolution UAV vegetation indices can be a valid strategy although its effectiveness is closely linked to the cultivar component and, therefore, requires extensive verification.

Using agronomic traits and semiochemical production in winter wheat cultivars to identify suitable trap crops for the wheat stem sawfly

2010 ◽  
Vol 142 (3) ◽  
pp. 222-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Micaela Buteler ◽  
David K. Weaver ◽  
Phil L. Bruckner ◽  
Gregg R. Carlson ◽  
James E. Berg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Oviposition Behavior ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Detailed Measurement ◽  
Wheat Stem Sawfly ◽  
Trap Crops ◽  
Trap Cropping ◽  
Winter Wheat Cultivars

AbstractTrap crops are a plausible control strategy for the wheat stem sawfly (WSS), Cephus cinctus Norton (Hymenoptera: Cephidae), especially in alternate wheat−fallow cropping systems. Identifying the most suitable winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L., Poaceae) cultivars is necessary to further improve the effectiveness of winter wheat trap crops. We compared cultivars suitable for cultivation in Montana to identify those that exhibit the greatest potential as trap crops. To accomplish this we used nine winter wheat cultivars to analyze plant characteristics that influence the oviposition behavior of the WSS: stem height, stem diameter, rate of plant development, and emission of the WSS attractant (Z)-3-hexenyl acetate. Data on sawfly-induced stem cutting collected from these cultivars in field nurseries were analyzed to evaluate the potential of each cultivar to attract sawflies. Based on these criteria, five cultivars with good potential as trap crops are ‘Norstar’, ‘Neeley’, ‘Morgan’, ‘Rampart’, and ‘BigSky’. More data from laboratory preference tests and detailed measurement of semiochemical production from these cultivars are required for selecting optimal cultivars for trap-cropping.

Genetic Improvement of Agronomic Traits of Winter Wheat Cultivars Released in France from 1946 to 1992

Crop Science ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 37 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Brancourt-Hulmel ◽  
G. Doussinault ◽  
C. Lecomte ◽  
P. Bérard ◽  
B. Le Buanec ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Genetic Improvement ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Winter Wheat Cultivars

scholarly journals Potassium Uptake, Physiological and Molecular Responses in Different Winter Wheat Cultivars under Deficit Irrigation and Potassium Levels

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (05) ◽  
pp. 937-944
Author(s):  
Xinyang Bai
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Biomass Production ◽  
Deficit Irrigation ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Photosynthetic Parameters ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
K Uptake ◽  
Winter Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Low K

Improving potassium (K) use efficiency (KUE) is beneficial for the sustainable production of cereal crops. In this study, the effects of K input level on its uptake and agronomic trait of the winter wheat under deficit irrigation were investigated in K deprivation responses, using two cultivars contrasting (low-K tolerant cultivar Kenong 9204 and K deprivation sensitive one Jimai 120). Under sufficient-K treatment (K180, SK), the two cultivars showed similar K contents, and K accumulation, biomass, photosynthetic parameters in upper expanded leaves, including yield components. Under deficient-K (K60, DK) condition, both cultivars showed varied behaviors of the K-associated traits, physiological parameters, growth and agronomic traits; however, better response was observed in Kenong 9204 than Jimai 120. These results suggested the essential roles of low-K tolerant cultivars under the K-saving management together with deficit irrigation. Two genes of the potassium transporter (HAK) family, TaHAK3 and TaHAK5, showed expression of significantly upregulated upon K deprivation, with much more transcripts shown in the K-deprived Kenong 9204 plants than Jimai 120 ones. Transgene analysis on the HAK genes validated their positive roles in modulating the K accumulation and biomass production of plants under low-K condition. These results indicated that distinct HAK family genes are transcriptionally regulated underlying K deprivation signaling and contribute to plant K uptake and biomass production under low-K conditions. This study suggested the drastically genetic variation on K uptake and biomass production across winter wheat cultivars treated by K- and water-saving conditions, associated with transcription efficiency of the distinct HAK genes which modulate K uptake, growth and development of plants. © 2021 Friends Science Publishers

scholarly journals Genealogical Analysis of the Genetic Diversity in Winter Wheat Cultivars Grown in the Former Czechoslovakia and the Present Czech Republic during 1919–2001

2011 ◽  
Vol 39 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 99-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z. Stehno ◽  
L. Dotlačil ◽  
I. Faberová ◽  
S. Martynov ◽  
T. Dobrotvorskaya
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Genetic Erosion ◽  
Strong Increase ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Similar Extent ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Genealogical Analysis ◽  
Winter Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Foreign Materials

Using genealogical analysis, the genetic diversity in winter wheat cultivars registered and grown in the formerCzechoslovakia and the presentCzech Republic during 1919–2001 was studied. The strong increase of the diversity level since the 1970-s is based on the wide use in breeding programs of foreign materials, most of which originated in countries of Western, Central andEastern Europe. Simultaneously a genetic erosion in the released cultivars occurred; from the 1930-s to the 1970-s, a significant number of original local ancestors was lost. The modern cultivars listed in the Czech National List of Varieties in 2000–2001 can be distinguished into clusters. The overwhelming majority of cultivars belong to two clusters of similar extent. In one of them the ancestors fromWestern Europe can be found, while in the second cluster ancestors fromEastern Europe dominate, mainly through cvs. Mironovskaya 808 and Bezostaya 1. An index of similarity of modern cultivars grown in theCzech Republic is approximately equal to the average between half- and quarter-sibs. Consequently, it can be concluded that the genetic diversity in winter wheat cultivars presently grown in theCzech   Republic has increased in the last decades and is considered as acceptable.  

Genetic Improvement of Agronomic Traits of Winter Wheat Cultivars Released in France from 1946 to 1992

Crop Science ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 37 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Brancourt-Hulmel ◽  
G. Doussinault ◽  
C. Lecomte ◽  
P. Bérard ◽  
B. Le Buanec ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Genetic Improvement ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Winter Wheat Cultivars

Effects of specific Rht and Ppd alleles on agronomic traits in winter wheat cultivars grown in middle Europe

Euphytica ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 172 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Václav Šíp ◽  
Jana Chrpová ◽  
Alžběta Žofajová ◽  
Kateřina Pánková ◽  
Martin Užík ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Middle Europe ◽  
Winter Wheat Cultivars

scholarly journals Phenotypic Analysis of Agronomic Traits in Bread Wheat

2016 ◽  
Vol 65 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 32-38
Author(s):  
Velimir Mladenov ◽  
Borislav Banjac ◽  
Miodrag Dimitrijević ◽  
Dragana Latković ◽  
Bojan Jocković
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Thousand Grain Weight ◽  
Phenotypic Analysis ◽  
Winter Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Ammi Model

SummaryComponents of yield and seed quality are traits of primary importance in bread wheat breeding programs. Yield components are obviously a major determinant of farmer’s income, whereas seed quality is very important for breeding quality. In this paper, the thousand grain weight (TGW) was chosen as indicative of yield features and the shelling percentage (RND) as indicative of seed quality (although RND is not directly connected to the technological/seed quality, but rather indirectly and it greatly contributes to the wider picture of seed quality). The objectives of the present research were two-fold: to determine the influence of genotype, the environment and their interaction on the thousand grain weight and shelling percentage and to evaluate the stability via the AMMI model. The grain samples were obtained from ten winter wheat cultivars grown in 2009/10, 2010/11, 2011/12 at three locations in Serbia: Novi Sad, Sremska Mitrovica and Pančevo. The ten winter wheat cultivars used in this study were: Evropa 90, NSR-5, Pobeda, Renesansa, Ljiljana, Cipovka, Dragana, Simonida, NS 40 S and Zvezdana. The thousand grain weight and shelling percentage were investigated and statistically analyzed via the AMMI model, which showed significant differences between genotypes at various locations and ASV rankings. The most favorable cultivar in the experiment was Dragana in terms of all investigated traits.

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