scholarly journals In vitro propagation of endangered Dianthus taxa

2015 ◽  
pp. 83-98
Author(s):  
Marija Markovic ◽  
Mihailo Grbic ◽  
Matilda Djukic
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
In Vitro Propagation ◽  
Ex Situ Conservation ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Medium Term ◽  
Research And Practice

The review of recent researches regarding the in vitro culture of 30 endangered Dianthus taxa is presented in this paper. Various in vitro protocols developed for selected rare and threatened Dianthus taxa are analysed in order to provide a useful synthesis of the data obtained with the main principles, techniques and recommendations for futher research and practice. The recapitulated data presented in this review can be used as a tool for the micropropagation of other endangered Dianthus taxa, enabling their propagation and obtaining a sufficient amount of plants for reintroduction. In addition, the obtained results represent the basis for ex situ conservation of the investigated taxa, especially for medium-term and long-term conservation (cryopreservation).

scholarly journals Long-term conservation of potato genetic resources: Methods and status of conservation

2019 ◽  
pp. 717-725
Author(s):  
Jane Muthoni ◽  
Hussein Shimelis ◽  
Rob Melis
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Resources ◽  
Slow Growth ◽  
Plant Genetic Resources ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Growth Media ◽  
Medium Term ◽  
Natural Habitats

Plant genetic resources (PGRs) play an important role in agriculture, environment protection, cultural property and trade; they need to be conserved. There are two fundamental approaches for the conservation of PGRs: in situ and ex situ. In situ conservation is the conservation of ecosystems and natural habitats and the maintenance and recovery of viable populations of species in their natural surroundings. Ex situ preservation is the storage of seeds or plant materials under artificial conditions to maintain their long term viability and availability for use. Genebanks employ seed storage, field collections of living plants and in vitro storage (tissue culture or cryopreservation) for ex situ preservation of PGR. Storage of orthodox seeds, which are tolerant to low moisture content and low temperatures at appropriate temperature and humidity, is the most convenient ex situ conservation method. Plants that produce recalcitrant seeds or non-viable seeds are conserved in field genebanks as well as in-vitro in slow growth media for short-to-medium term and cryopreservation in liquid nitrogen at -1960C for long-term periods. Cryopreservation is very expensive and needs trained personnel; this could explain why this method is rarely used for conservation of plant genetic resources in most developing countries. Potato tubers are bulky and highly perishable; the crop is generally conserved as clones either in field genebanks (with annual replanting), in-vitro conservation in slow growth media for short-to-medium term and cryopreservation for long term. Field genebanks are expensive to maintain and the crop is exposed to many dangers; hence, cryopreservation is the only feasible method for long term conservation. However, given the high cost of cryopreservation, long-term conservation of potato genetic resources is poorly developed in most resource-poor countries leading to high rates of genetic erosion. This paper looks into the various methods that that can be applied to conserve potato genetic resources and the status of conservation of potatoes in major genebanks and some countries.

GIS-facilitated in vitro propagation and ex situ conservation of Achillea occulta

2011 ◽  
Vol 107 (3) ◽  
pp. 531-540 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katerina Grigoriadou ◽  
Nikos Krigas ◽  
Eleni Maloupa
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Propagation ◽  
Ex Situ Conservation ◽  
Ex Situ

In vitro propagation of the threatened plant Sphaerophysa kotschyana (Fabaceae): inter simple-sequence-repeat (ISSR) analysis and salt tolerance of the regenerants

2013 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Semiha Erişen ◽  
Zeynep Öncel
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Propagation ◽  
Ex Situ Conservation ◽  
Conservation Strategy ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Nodal Segments ◽  
Naphthaleneacetic Acid ◽  
Shoot Height ◽  
Issr Analysis ◽  
Sphaerophysa Kotschyana

Sphaerophysa kotschyana is a threatened endemic species in Turkey and according to the Bern Convention, it is on the absolute preservation plant list. In vitro propagation methodologies were evaluated as an ex situ conservation strategy for this species. Nodal segments were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) media with different cytokinins (benzyladenine, thidiazuron (TDZ) and zeatine), with or without auxin (α-naphthaleneacetic acid; NAA), to investigate shoot initiation. TDZ produced the highest number of shoots (11.0 shoots per explant) on MS medium at a concentration of 0.05 mg L–1. Rooting reached 100% when 0.5 mg L–1 NAA was combined with half strength MS and 1.5% sucrose and rooted plantlets were successfully acclimatised. Somaclonal variation of a mother plant and 10 regenerants was assessed using ISSR analysis. The same banding profiles were exhibited by all plants. In vitro response to salinity stress (NaCl) was also investigated in this halophytic species. Higher concentrations of NaCl negatively affected shoot multiplication, whereas shoot height was enhanced at 50 mM NaCl. These results suggest that the established protocol is an efficient and reliable system of in vitro propagation for ex situ conservation of S. kotschyana.

scholarly journals Ex situ conservation of plant species of the Red Book of Russia in botanical gardens

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (44) ◽  
pp. 11-11
Author(s):  
Alexander Saakian ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Ex Situ Conservation ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Endangered Plants ◽  
Botanical Gardens ◽  
Rare And Endangered ◽  
The Russian Federation

Russian botanical gardens are actively involved in the conservation of rare and endangered plants. They pay special attention to the species included in the Red Book of the Russian Federation. At present, 377 species of higher plants are cultivated in living collections of botanical gardens out of 514 species presented in the Red Book of Russia, which is 73%. Thus, the Russian Federation has practically met the requirement of goal 8 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation. The vast majority of rare plant species are represented by samples in the collections of many botanical gardens and the reliability of their protection under cultural conditions is beyond doubt. In the Main Botanical Garden of the Russian Academy of Sciences, an in vitro collection of rare and endangered plants is preserved, including 82 species, which is 17.3% of the total number of angiosperms included in the Red Book of the Russian Federation. As a result of many years of research, the features of the cultivation and preservation of ex situ plants belonging to different families have been revealed. The main methodological aspects at the stages of obtaining a sterile culture, micropropagation proper and long-term deposition are reflected. The compositions of nutrient media and cultivation factors were optimized for slowed growth of explants of the studied cultures and preservation of their viability. Keywords: RARE AND ENDANGERED PLANT SPECIES, RED BOOK OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION, EX SITU CONSERVATION, LONG-TERM IN VITRO CONSERVATION

scholarly journals KAJIAN ELONGASI PADA TANAMAN IN VITRO GAHARU (Aquilaria beccariana van Tiegh)

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 65
Author(s):  
Yusuf Sigit Ahmad Fauzan ◽  
Edhi Sandra ◽  
Daru Mulyono
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Propagation ◽  
Ex Situ Conservation ◽  
Shoot Elongation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Average Height ◽  
Best Response ◽  
Speed Up ◽  
Number Of Segments

The population density of natural agarwood (Aquilaria beccariana) in Indonesia decreased to less than one tree per hectare. Efforts have been carried out on ex situ conservation of agarwood despite facing many obstacles. In vitro propagation is one alternative to speed up the recovery of natural agarwood populations. The purpose of this study was to obtain optimal elongation media for in vitro culture with addition of auxin and cytokinin, namely IBA, BAP and kinetin. The results showed that the best auxin-cytokinin combination was IBA 0.1 mg/L and BAP 0.05 mg/L. This combination increased the height and number of segments of A. beccariana with an average height of 1.64 cm and average number of sections of 6.40. It is suggested that this combination of IBA and BAP was the most effective compared to the other treatments. In addition, the combination of IBA 0 mg/L and BAP 0.03 mg/L gave rise to the best response to increase the number of shoots with an average of 1.91 shoots.Keywords: Aquilaria beccariana, shoot, elongation, auxin, cytokinin ABSTRAKKepadatan populasi gaharu (Aquilaria beccariana) alam di Indonesia kurang dari satu pohon per hektar. Upaya pelestarian gaharu ex situ telah banyak dilakukan tetapi masih banyak kendala. Perbanyakan gaharu in vitro merupakan salah satu cara alternatif untuk mempercepat pemulihan populasi gaharu alam. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk memperoleh media elongasi yang optimal pada kultur in vitro gaharu dengan penambahan kombinasi zat pengatur tumbuh auksin dan sitokinin. Pada penelitian ini digunakan auksin IBA, serta sitokinin BAP dan Kinetin. Hasil penelitian elongasi diperoleh kombinasi auksin dan sitokinin terbaik yaitu, IBA 0,1 mg/L dan BAP 0,05 mg/L. Kombinasi ini meningkatkan tinggi dan jumlah ruas Aquilaria beccariana dengan tinggi rata-rata sebesar 1,64 cm dan jumlah ruas rata-rata sebesar 6,40 ruas. Pada kombinasi dan taraf ini diduga mekanisme kerja IBA dan BAP paling efektif dibanding perlakuan yang lain. Sedangkan kombinasi IBA 0 mg/L dan BAP 0,03 mg/L memberikan respon terbaik terhadap peningkatan jumlah tunas dengan rata-rata sebanyak 1,91 tunas.Kata Kunci: Aquilaria beccariana, tunas, elongasi, auksin, sitokinin

In vitro culture of the endangered plant Eryngium viviparum as dual strategy for its ex situ conservation and source of bioactive compounds

2019 ◽  
Vol 138 (3) ◽  
pp. 427-435 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel Ayuso ◽  
Pascual García-Pérez ◽  
Pablo Ramil-Rego ◽  
Pedro Pablo Gallego ◽  
M. Esther Barreal
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Culture ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Ex Situ Conservation ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Endangered Plant ◽  
Dual Strategy

scholarly journals Kriopreservasi untuk Konservasi Plasma Nutfah Tanaman: Peluang Pemanfaatannya di Indonesia

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 80
Author(s):  
Semuel Leunufna
Keyword(s):  
Ex Situ Conservation ◽  
Germplasm Collection ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Seed Plants ◽  
High Recovery ◽  
High Recovery Rate ◽  
Long Term Preservation ◽  
Collection Methods

<p>Increasing rate of plant germplasm lost in<br />Indonesia has promoted the implementation of various<br />methods for their conservation. Cryopreservation is a technique<br />applicable for a long-term preservation (base collection)<br />of plants possessing non-orthodox (recalcitrant and<br />semi-recalcitrant) seeds and those propagated vegetatively.<br />The technique can be used as an alternative method for<br />orthodox seed plants preservation in the ex situ conservation<br />system. Although field and in vitro collection methods can<br />be applied for the non-orthodox seed plants, a number of<br />disadvantages possesed by these methods, especially in the<br />tropics or the developing countries, deny their use for the<br />establishment of a long-term germplasm collection. Successful<br />implementation of the cryopreservation technique is<br />supported by the development of protocols, which are able<br />to provide a high recovery rate for species understudy, using<br />vitrification based methods which are simple, economical,<br />applicable to complex organs, and able to implement a high<br />number of explants per experiment. The availability of infrastructures<br />including in vitro culture laboratories, continue<br />supply of liquid nitrogen is highly supporting the use of<br />cryopreservation technique in Indonesia.</p>

scholarly journals Romanian in Vitro Bryophyte Collection and its Role for Conservation

2014 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gina Cogălniceanu
Keyword(s):  
Ex Situ Conservation ◽  
National Level ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Medium Term ◽  
Micro Propagation ◽  
Term Storage

Abstract The in vitro bryophyte collection of the Institute of Biology Bucharest represents the first initiative at national level for bryophyte ex-situ conservation using biotechnological techniques. Micro-propagation and medium-term storage protocols have been developed for 25 bryophyte species of both liverworts and mosses. The collection serves for conservation as well as for research and biotechnological purposes.

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