scholarly journals Changes in the retrobulbar hemodynamic parameters after decreasing the elevated intraocular pressure in primary open-angle glaucoma patients

2014 ◽  
Vol 142 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 286-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan Marjanovic ◽  
Antonio Martinez ◽  
Marija Marjanovic ◽  
Natasa Milic ◽  
Djordje Kontic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intraocular Pressure ◽  
Primary Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Resistance Index ◽  
Peak Systolic Velocity ◽  
Doppler Imaging ◽  
Hemodynamic Parameters ◽  
Open Angle ◽  
Elevated Intraocular Pressure

Introduction. Ocular blood flow (OBF) disturbances could be involved both in the pathogenesis and in progression of glaucomatous damage. Objective. The aim of the study was to compare the retrobulbar hemodynamic parameters in the ophthalmic artery (OA), central retinal artery (CRA) and short posterior cilliary arteries (SPCA) after decreasing the elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) in primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) patients by using color Doppler imaging (CDI). Methods. We examined 60 patients (21 male and 39 female) with diagnosed and treated POAG. Thirtynine patients had increased IOP (>25 mm Hg). Peak-systolic velocity (PSV), end-diastolic velocity (EDV), Pourcelot resistance index (RI), and pulsatility index (PI) were assessed in the OA, CRA, and SPCA. IOP was measured both with the Goldmann Applanation tonometer (GAT) and with the Dynamic Contour tonometer (DCT), three times respectively. Ocular pulse amplitude (OPA) was measured using DCT. Results. The retrobulbar parameters between the baseline and after IOP reduction showed no difference in measurements. After Bonferroni correction (p?0.0056, alpha/9) statistical significance was recorded only in the following retrobulbar hemodynamic parameters; DCT (29.8?6.2 vs. 15.5?5.0), GAT (33.8?9.0 vs. 15.0?6.6) and OPA measurements (4.3?1.0 vs. 3.0?1.6), as compared to the baseline. There was no correlation between the changes in IOP measured with either DCT or GAT and changes in the hemodynamic parameters (p>0.05 for all). Pearson correlation coefficient (95% CI) showed very good correlation for IOP measurements between DCT and GAT: at baseline 0.83 (0.71 to 0.90) and at the end 0.71 (0.55 to 0.83); p<0.0001 for both measurements, but without any difference between them (p>0.05). Conclusion. There was a lack of correlation between the changes in IOP measured with either DCT or GAT and the changes in the hemodynamic parameters.

scholarly journals Retrobulbar hemodynamic parameters in men and women with open angle glaucoma

2014 ◽  
Vol 71 (12) ◽  
pp. 1128-1131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan Marjanovic ◽  
Marija Marjanovic ◽  
Ranko Gvozdenovic ◽  
Dusica Risovic
Keyword(s):  
Intraocular Pressure ◽  
Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Color Doppler ◽  
Peak Systolic Velocity ◽  
Doppler Imaging ◽  
Hemodynamic Parameters ◽  
Open Angle ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Diastolic Velocity ◽  
Elevated Intraocular Pressure

Background/Aim. Several factors may have influence on systemic circulation. Additionally, peripheral circulation also demonstrates sex differences, in young women presenting significantly lower finger blood flow in comparison to men of the same age, a finding that disappears in women after menopause. The aim of this study was to compare the retrobulbar hemodynamic parameters measured by means of color Doppler imaging in women and men with open-angle glaucoma and elevated intraocular pressure. Methods. A total of 52 eyes from 52 open-angle glaucoma (OAG) patients, with elevated intraocular pressure (IOP), were included in this cross-sectional study. Peak-systolic velocity (PSV), end-diastolic velocity (EDV), and Pourcelot resistivity index (RI) were assessed in the ophtalmic artery (OA), central retinal artery (CRA), and posterior cilliary arteries (PCA). IOP was measured both with Goldmann Applanation tonometer (GAT) and with the dynamic contour tonometer (DCT), three times respectively. Ocular pulse amplitude (OPA) appeared during the DCT measurement. Results. The retrobulbar hemodynamic parameters did not show any difference between men and post-menopausal women. Conclusion. The results of our study did not find any difference between sexes in patients with open-angle glaucoma and elevated intraocular pressure.

The Impact of Intraocular Pressure Reduction on Retrobulbar Hemodynamic Parameters in Patients with Open-Angle Glaucoma

2011 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan Marjanovic ◽  
Natasa Milic ◽  
Antonio Martinez
Keyword(s):  
Intraocular Pressure ◽  
Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Color Doppler ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Peak Systolic Velocity ◽  
Doppler Imaging ◽  
Hemodynamic Parameters ◽  
Open Angle ◽  
Diastolic Velocity ◽  
The Impact

Purpose To assess the retrobulbar hemodynamic parameters in the ophthalmic artery (OA), central retinal artery (CRA), and short posterior ciliary arteries (PCA) after decreasing elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) in patients with open-angle glaucoma (OAG) by using color Doppler imaging. Methods A total of 46 eyes from 46 patients with OAG, with elevated IOP, were consecutively included in this prospective study. Peak-systolic velocity, end-diastolic velocity, and Pourcelot resistivity index were assessed in the OA, CRA, and PCA. The IOP was measured with Goldmann applanation tonometer (GAT) and the dynamic contour tonometer (DCT), 3 times respectively. Ocular pulse amplitude (OPA) appeared during the DCT measurement. Results After decreasing the elevated IOP, measured with both GAT and DCT, the retrobulbar parameters showed no differences as compared with baseline measurements. After Bonferroni correction (p≤0.0042, alpha/12), statistical significance appeared in retrobulbar hemodynamics only in DCT (29.3±6.4 vs 15.5±4.2 mmHg), GAT (33.0±8.3 vs 15.8±7.0 mmHg), and OPA measurements (4.1±1.3 vs 2.7±1.4 mmHg), in comparison to baseline. There was no correlation between the changes in IOP measured with either DCT or GAT and the changes in the retrobulbar hemodynamic parameters (p>0.05 for all). Conclusions The results of our study suggested a lack of correlation between the changes in IOP, measured with either DCT or GAT, and the changes in the retrobulbar hemodynamic parameters. The results of our study might suggest that the blood flow disturbances found in glaucoma patients are independent of the IOP.

Color Doppler Imaging Study in Patients with Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma Treated with Timolol 0.5% and Carteolol 2%

2001 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 240-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Montanari ◽  
P. Marangoni ◽  
A. Oldani ◽  
R. Ratiglia ◽  
M. Raiteri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intraocular Pressure ◽  
Primary Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Color Doppler ◽  
Resistance Index ◽  
Color Doppler Imaging ◽  
Doppler Imaging ◽  
Open Angle ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

Purpose To evaluate with color Doppler imaging (CDI), in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (PDAG), the possible influence on ocular hemodynamics of a beta-blocking agent with intrinsic sympathomimetic acitivity (carteolol 2%) compared to a beta-blocker agent without this activity. Methods A study was carried out on 20 patients, with bilateral POaG, intraocular pressure (IOP) ≤ 20 mmHg, all treated twice a day with timolol maleate 0.5% ophthalmic solution. The visual field was evaluated (Octopus 2000 perimeter, G1 program) examining the mean sensitivity (MS) and the mean defect (MD). CDI was carried out to evaluate the resistance index of the internal carotid artery (ICA), the ophthalmic artery (OA), the central retinal artery (CRA), and the short posterior ciliary arteries (SPCA). After these examinations, the therapy was changed to carteolol 2% twice a day. After six months of treatment the examinations were repeated. The data were analysed statistically using Student's t test. Results The mean intraocular pressure during treatment with timolol 0.5% was 16.7 ± 1.67 mmHg and 16.33 ± 1.72 mmHg after treatment with carteolol 2%, the difference not being significant (p=0.494). After six months of treatment with carteolol 2% the MS increased significantly from 22.4 ± 2.5 dB to 24.1 ± 1.8 dB (p=0.018), and the mean defect (MD) fell from 5.3 ± 0.8 dB to 4.7 ± 0.6 dB (p=0.011). There was no significant difference in the resistance index of the CA, the OA and the CRA with the two treatments, whereas the resistance index of the SPCA dropped significantly, from 0.80 ± 0.05 to 0.77 ± 0.02 (p = 0.017). Conclusions CDI did not show significant differences in the resistance indexes of the internal CA, the OA, and the CRA after treatment with carteolol 2% but the resistance index of the SPCA was significantly reduced. Carteolol 2% induced significant changes in the perimetric indexes examined, with an increase in MS and a decrease in MD. These findings suggest that the intrinsic sympathomimetic activity of carteolol may reduce peripheral vascular resistance of the SCA, thus improving perfusion of the optic nerve head, with a protective effect on visual function.

scholarly journals What was Glaucoma Called before the 20th Century?

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. OED.S32004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher T. Leffler ◽  
Stephen G. Schwartz ◽  
Francesca M. Giliberti ◽  
Matthew T. Young ◽  
Dennis Bermudez
Keyword(s):  
Intraocular Pressure ◽  
Optic Neuropathy ◽  
Primary Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
The Other ◽  
Angle Closure ◽  
Open Angle ◽  
Poor Vision ◽  
Elevated Intraocular Pressure

Glaucoma involves a characteristic optic neuropathy, often with elevated intraocular pressure. Before 1850, poor vision with a normal eye appearance, as occurs in primary open-angle glaucoma, was termed amaurosis, gutta serena, or black cataract. Few observers noted palpable hardness of the eye in amaurosis. On the other hand, angle-closure glaucoma can produce a green or gray pupil, and therefore was called, variously, glaucoma (derived from the Greek for glaucous, a nonspecific term connoting blue, green, or light gray) and viriditate oculi. Angle closure, with palpable hardness of the eye, mydriasis, and anterior prominence of the lens, was described in greater detail in the 18th and 19th centuries. The introduction of the ophthalmoscope in 1850 permitted the visualization of the excavated optic neuropathy in eyes with a normal or with a dilated greenish-gray pupil. Physicians developed a better appreciation of the role of intraocular pressure in both conditions, which became subsumed under the rubric “glaucoma”.

scholarly journals A comparative study of intraocular pressure in myopia and hyperopia among a Nigerian population just diagnosed with primary open angle glaucoma in Benin City

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (7) ◽  
pp. 2234
Author(s):  
Aghafekokhian B. Osaiyuwu ◽  
Genesis D. Edokpa
Keyword(s):  
Intraocular Pressure ◽  
High Myopia ◽  
High Pressures ◽  
Primary Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Refractive Errors ◽  
Open Angle ◽  
Benin City ◽  
Nigerian Population

Background: Increasing evidence suggests that high myopia is salient in the pathologic process of POAG, and IOP (Primary Open Angle Glaucoma (POAG), and Intra-ocular Pressure (IOP)) remains the crucial risk factor for this condition. Still, some other studies have signified that glaucoma was diagnosed in myopes independent of IOP, suggesting that predisposition to glaucoma in myopes may not be dependent on mechanisms related to high pressures. The aim of this study was therefore to compare the intraocular pressure in myopes and hyperopes in a Nigerian population just diagnosed with POAG to ascertain if proclivity to glaucoma in myopes is mainly dependent on IOP.Methods: This research was conducted as a retrospective study in the Optometry/Ophthalmology Department at Stella Obasanjo Women and Children Hospital, Benin City, Nigeria. The sample consisted of cases seen between 2011 and 2013. A total of 166 eyes with glaucoma and refractive errors (80 (48.19%) with myopia, and 86 (51.81%) with hyperopia) with an age range of 10 to 85 years, were used for this study.Results: Newly diagnosed glaucomatous myopes had a significantly higher mean IOP than recently diagnosed hyperopes (unpaired t- test, p= 0.004). Also, a significant inverse correlation was obtained between refractive errors and intraocular pressure (Pearson correlation, r = -.245, p = 0.001) i.e. as refractive errors progressed deeply into more minus (myopic) regions, IOP increased.Conclusions: The relationship between glaucoma and myopia is pressure mediated. The ascending levels of intraocular pressure that occurred with increasing extents of myopia demonstrate that POAG evolves too soon in participants with high myopia than in hyperopia and accentuates the seriousness of glaucoma surveillance in the myopic population.

scholarly journals Identification of a novel MYOC variant in a Hispanic family with early-onset primary open-angle glaucoma with elevated intraocular pressure

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. a004374
Author(s):  
June Criscione ◽  
Weizhen Ji ◽  
Lauren Jeffries ◽  
James M. McGrath ◽  
Scott Soloway ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intraocular Pressure ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Primary Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Open Angle ◽  
Elevated Intraocular Pressure ◽  
Hispanic Family

scholarly journals Optical coherence tomography in the evaluation of structural changes in primary open-angle glaucoma with and without elevated intraocular pressure

2016 ◽  
Vol 73 (7) ◽  
pp. 618-625
Author(s):  
Marija Trenkic-Bozinovic ◽  
Gordana Zlatanovic ◽  
Predrag Jovanovic ◽  
Dragan Veselinovic ◽  
Jasmina Djordjevic-Jocic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Intraocular Pressure ◽  
Primary Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Open Angle ◽  
Significant Information ◽  
Rnfl Thickness ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Elevated Intraocular Pressure

Background/Aim. Glaucoma is a progressive optic neuropathy characterized by damage of the retinal ganglion cells and their axons and glial cells. The aim of this study was to evaluate the differences and connections between changes in the visual field and the thickness of the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL), using optical coherence tomography (OCT) in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma with normal and elevated intraocular pressure (IOP). Methods. This prospective study included 38 patients (38 eyes) with primary open-angle glaucoma with normal intraocular pressure (NTG) and 50 patients (50 eyes) with primary open-angle glaucoma with elevated intraocular pressure (HTG), paired by the same degree of structural glaucomatous changes in the optic nerve head and by age. OCT protocols ?fast RNFL thickness? and ?fast optic disc? were used for testing. The patients? age, gender, best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), IOP, stereometric and functional parameters were compared. Results. The average age of the examined population was 65.49 ? 9.36 (range 44-83) years. There was no statistically significant difference by age and by gender between the two study groups (p = 0.795 and p = 0.807, respectively). BCVA was higher in patients with NTG but there was no statistically significant difference compared to HTG patients (p = 0.160). IOP was statistically significantly higher in patients with HTG compared to NTG patients (17.40 ? 2.77 mmHg vs 14.95 ? 3.01 mmHg, p = 0.009). The cup/disc (C/D) (p = 0.258), mean deviation (MD) (p = 0.477), corrected patern standard deviation (CPSD) (p = 0.943), disk area (p = 0.515), rim area (p = 0.294), rim volume (p = 0.118), C/D area R (p = 0.103), RNFL Average (p = 0.632), RNFL Superior (p = 0.283) and RNFL Inferior (p = 0.488) were not statistically significantly different between the groups. Conclusion. OCT measurements of the RNFL thickness provide clinically significant information in monitoring of glaucomatous changes. There are no differences in the patterns of RNFL defects per sectors and quadrants between NTG and HTG, measured by OCT.

scholarly journals Changes in the retrobulbar arterial circulation after decrease of elevated intraocular pressure in patients with primary open angle glaucoma

2011 ◽  
Vol 139 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 718-721 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan Marjanovic ◽  
Ana Sundic ◽  
Milija Mijajlovic ◽  
Nadezda Covickovic-Sternic ◽  
Djordje Kontic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intraocular Pressure ◽  
Primary Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Open Angle ◽  
Arterial Circulation ◽  
Haemodynamic Parameters ◽  
Elevated Intraocular Pressure ◽  
Clinical Centre ◽  
Ciliary Arteries ◽  
Retinal Artery

Introduction. An altered perfusion of the optic nerve head has been proposed as a pathogenic factor in glaucoma. Objective. To evaluate changes of haemodynamic parameters in the retrobulbar arterial circulation after a decrease of elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) in patients with primary open angle glaucoma (POAG). Methods. Twenty-six patients were examined, 14 men and 12 women, 21 up to 50 years old and 5 below, all with previously diagnosed and treated POAG, and all examined at the Eye Clinic, Clinical Centre of Serbia. IOP was measured both with a Goldmann aplanation tonometer and dynamic contour tonometer. Central corneal thickness was measured with ultrasound pachymeter. Imaging of the retrobulbar arterial circulation by colour Doppler was performed at the Neurology Clinic, Clinical Centre of Serbia. It involved measuring of haemodynamic parameters of the ophthalmic artery, central retinal artery, and posterior ciliary arteries. Peak systolic velocity (PSV) and end-diastolic velocity (EDV) were measured, and resistive index (RI) and pulsatility index (PI) were calculated. Results. Haemodynamic arterial parameters PSV and EDV in the ophthalmic and central retinal artery after decrease of IOP were lower, while RI and PI were higher. In the posterior ciliary arteries PSV, EDV and PI were lower, and RI was higher. Conclusion. Changes of the retrobulbar arterial circulation after elevated IOP in POAG patients are important for approach and treatment, while the role of vascular factors in the supplement of the optic disc neuroretinal rim could be a key for progression backlash of glaucoma and the radix of neuroprotection.

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