scholarly journals The efficacy of 5% maleic acid, 6% phosphoric acid and 17% EDTA in smear layer removal - a scanning electron microscopic investigation

2013 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 191-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Navid Khalighinejad ◽  
Mohsen Hasheminia ◽  
Mahbobeh Feizinafar
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Phosphoric Acid ◽  
Maleic Acid ◽  
Smear Layer ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope Analysis ◽  
Layer Removal ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Electron Microscope Analysis ◽  
Scanning Electron

Introduction. Smear layer is amorphous irregular layer that contains inorganic dentin debris and organic material such as pulp tissue, odontoblastic processes, necrotic debris and microorganisms. It is present on root canal walls touched by instruments during instrumentation. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of 6% Phosphoric acid, 17% EDTA and 5% Maleic acid in smear layer removal using scanning electron microscope analysis. Material and Methods. The study included eighty extracted teeth. All teeth were randomly assigned into the three experimental groups (17% EDTA, 5% Maleic acid, 6% Phosphoric acid) and one control group (sodium hypochlorite). Smear layer removal in all groups in apical, middle, and coronal thirds was observed using scanning electron microscope analysis. Data were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests. Also, Friedman and Wilcoxson tests were used to compare different sections in each group (a=0.05, SPSS ver. 15). Results. There was no significant difference observed between three experimental groups. All tested irrigants were capable of removing smear layer (p>0.05). Also, there was a significant difference between different regions of root canals in all experimental groups except in phosphoric acid group. Conclusion. The effectiveness of EDTA, Maleic acid and Phosphoric acid is comparable and all of them are efficient in removing smear layer.

scholarly journals Comparative Evaluation of Cleaning Efficacy using Four Novel Nickel–titanium Rotary Instruments: An in vitro Scanning Electron Microscope Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 1135-1143
Author(s):  
Prem P Kar ◽  
Sandhya A Khasnis ◽  
Krisnamurthy H Kidiyoor
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
Nickel Titanium ◽  
Smear Layer ◽  
Layer Removal ◽  
Rotary Instruments ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cleaning Efficacy ◽  
Scanning Electron

ABSTRACT Aim The aim of the study was to compare the cleaning efficacy (debris and smear layer removal) of two multifile rotary systems (MTwo and Silk) and two single-file rotary systems (F6 Skytaper and NeoNiTi). Materials and methods Eighty mesial canals of mandibular first molars were cleaned and shaped using four nickel–titanium (NiTi) rotary instruments to size # 25 and 3% NaOCl and 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA). Samples were randomly divided into four equal groups (n = 20) according to instrumentation: Group I, Mtwo; group II, Silk; group III, F6 Skytaper; group IV, NeoNiTi. Samples were split longitudinally and examined under scanning electron microscope (SEM) for debris and smear layer removal in coronal, middle, and apical thirds of each root canal. Results F6 skytaper and Mtwo groups showed significantly higher debris removal than Silk and NeoNiTi groups in apical third of root canal as well as when compared with NeoNiTi group in middle third. F6 Skytaper group showed significantly higher debris and smear layer removal than Silk group in coronal third. There was statistically significant difference among all thirds of root canal in terms of debris removal in Silk and NeoNiTi groups. There was statistically significant difference among all thirds of root canal in F6 Skytaper and NeoNiTi groups in terms of smear layer removal. Conclusion F6 Skytaper single-file rotary instrumentation showed the maximum cleaning efficacy followed by Mtwo multifile rotary instrumentation in all thirds of root canal. Clinical significance F6 Skytaper rotary instrument is most efficient followed by Mtwo rotary instrument among all rotary instruments. How to cite this article Kar PP, Khasnis SA, Kidiyoor KH. Comparative Evaluation of Cleaning Efficacy using Four Novel Nickel-titanium Rotary Instruments: An in vitro Scanning Electron Microscope Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2017;18(12):1135-1143.

scholarly journals An in vitro Study to Compare the Effectiveness of F-file with Ultrasonically Activated K-file to Remove Smear Layer by using a Scanning Electron Microscope

2013 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 825-829 ◽  
Author(s):  
B Shiva Kumar ◽  
Suresh Shenvi
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscope ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Smear Layer ◽  
Setup Cost ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Layer Removal ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Scanning Electron

ABSTRACT Aim The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of the F-file with an ultrasonically activated #15 K-file in removing the smear layer after biomechanical instrumentation along with irrigation of Saline, NaOCl and with or without a flush of EDTA. Materials and methods Sixty decoronated human premolar teeth with a single canal were instrumented with ProTaper using S1, S2 and F1 series to produce the smear layer and randomly divided into two groups. Group A used Ultrasonics and group B used F-file for activation of irrigants respectively. Each group was further divided in to three subgroups consisting of 10 teeth in each as I, II, III consisting of saline, NaOCl, NaOCl and EDTA as irrigants respectively. SEM micrographs were taken and amount of smear layer removal was analyzed by using Chi-square statistics tests. Results Most effective smear layer removal was seen only when EDTA was used. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups A and B in removal of smear layer. Conclusion There was no increase in smear layer between use of F-file when compared with the Ultrasonically activated K-file. Clinical significance The F-file although does not have a superior efficacy than the ultrasonics in removal of smear layer from root canals but when used along with EDTA, can be an effective alternative for the dentists who are unable to bear the initial setup cost of ultrasonics. How to cite this article Shenvi S, Kumar BS. An in vitro Study to Compare the Effectiveness of F-file with Ultrasonically Activated K-file to Remove Smear Layer by using a Scanning Electron Microscope. J Contemp Dent Pract 2013;14(5):825-829.

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