scholarly journals A 12th century set of marvered purple glass vessels from Branicevo (Serbia)

Starinar ◽  
2018 ◽  
pp. 151-173
Author(s):  
Dragana Spasic-Djuric ◽  
Sonja Jovanovic
Keyword(s):  
Balkan Peninsula ◽  
Byzantine Empire ◽  
Urban Centre ◽  
Glass Vessel ◽  
12Th Century ◽  
Archaeological Excavations

During the 2011 archaeological excavations at the Mali Grad site in Branicevo, a set of at least 16 vessels made of translucent dark-purple glass and decorated with marvered opaque white trails was discovered. This unique glass assemblage, consisting of at least eight bowls, three bottles, two cylindrical flasks and three further vessels which can be possibly attributed to flasks, was found in the most significant archaeological context in the urban centre of Branicevo, in the layer above the floor in House No 4. According to other archaeological finds from the same context, coins in particular, the glass vessel set is dated to the 12th century. Importantly, the finds from Branicevo are so far the earliest securely-dated vessels of this type in the territory of the Byzantine Empire, post-dating the reestablishment of its control over the Balkan Peninsula in the 11th century.

Local History or New Dimensions in Croatian-Italian Relations? A Review of a Book by F. Škiljan “Italians in Zagreb” [Škiljan F. Talijani u Zagrebu. Zagreb: Zajednica Talijana u Zagrebu, 2015. 95, 101 s.]

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 197-206
Author(s):  
Alexander Al. Pivovarenko
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Ethnic Studies ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Balkan Peninsula ◽  
Local History ◽  
Area Of Interest ◽  
12Th Century ◽  
Comprehensive Picture ◽  
History Of ◽  
Italian Diaspora

This review is dedicated to the monograph by Filip Škiljan, а Researcher from the Institute for Migration and Ethnic Studies (Zagreb), whose area of interest includes the position of ethnic minorities in contemporary Croatia. The book is an extremely detailed and scrupulous piece of research on the origins and history of the Italian community in Zagreb from the 12th Century to the present day. A significant part of the work is devoted to the results of field research conducted by the author, including interviews with different representatives of the Italian diaspora. As a result, this work creates a very comprehensive picture of the Italian presence in Zagreb with a broad historical perspective, which makes it a great contribution to the question of the position of the Italian minority in Croatia as a whole. It is worth emphasizing that this work is not free from different theoretical and methodological limitations which reveal a great deal about the historical and national psychology of Croatia. In this respect, it is quite interesting to look in particular at the chapter devoted to the Middle Ages regarding the methods, evaluations, and approaches used by author. According to F. Škiljan the Ottoman conquest of the Balkan peninsula led to the divide between Croatia and the Italian (and, consequently, European) civilizational space, which had a serious impact on Croatian identity.

Arts and Crafts of the Medieval Kingdoms of Nubia

2021 ◽  
pp. 846-873
Author(s):  
Dobrochna Zielińska
Keyword(s):  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Wall Painting ◽  
Political Authority ◽  
The Other ◽  
Arts And Crafts ◽  
Byzantine Empire ◽  
Late Period ◽  
Artistic Production ◽  
12Th Century ◽  
Different Sources

After the collapse of the Meroitic Empire, three independent kingdoms arose within its former territory. Because of a lack of centralized political authority and artistic production, their early development, although based on the Meroitic inheritance, was determined by different sources of influence. From the 8th century two united northern kingdoms became a powerful state, which is also reflected in its art. Rising creativity from the 9th century onwards reflected local needs and ambitions. In the course of time, surrounded by Islamic neighbors, Nubian art on one hand remained independent in its forms of art, but on the other hand absorbed a new style and iconographic details, which is most visible in 12th-century wall painting. Most probably it reflected a changing lifestyle, inspired by the wider Middle Eastern world at that time. The late period, although characterized by much less activity and financial possibilities of individuals or communities, still shows flourishing activities of Nubian artists. Christian Nubian culture ended almost simultaneously with the Byzantine empire, leaving almost one thousand years of its unique heritage.

scholarly journals Finds of West-European coins of the 11th — early 12th century at Novgorod (Rurik’s) Gorodishche

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 53-62
Author(s):  
P. Gaydukov ◽  
◽  
E. Ushankov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
12Th Century ◽  
Lake Ilmen ◽  
Available Information ◽  
Archaeological Excavations ◽  
West European

This paper is a publication of West-European denarii of the 11th — early 12th century and their imita- tions provenient from the territory of Novgorod Gorodishche (Rurik’s Hillfort). All the known coins are discussed — both those yielded by archaeological excavations (8 items) and single finds by private persons (13 items). The new numismatic materials expand and supplement the available information on the earliest and very important trade-handicraft and military-administrative centre of the Lake Ilmen region.

scholarly journals Andronikos I Komnenos: A Greek Tragedy

2011 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harry J. MAGOULIAS
Keyword(s):  
Greek Tragedy ◽  
Mirror Image ◽  
Byzantine Empire ◽  
Font Size ◽  
Ancient Greek ◽  
Life And Death ◽  
Greek Culture ◽  
Classical Drama ◽  
12Th Century ◽  
The Aesthetic

<span style="line-height: 150%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; color: black; font-size: 12pt">The Annals of Niketas Choniates depict Emperor Andronikos I Komnenos (1183-1185) in certain aspects of his lifestyle as a mirror image of his first cousin, Emperor Manuel I Komnenos (1143-1180). The life and death of Andronikos I Komnenos provide us with a window into the aesthetic, moral, intellectual, religious, economic and emotional world of Byzantine society in the 12th century. It was thanks to the Byzantine empire that the ancient texts were preserved and transmitted. Ancient Greek culture and reason, in particular, continued to inform Christian values while, at the same time, both could be in radical conflict. The tragic reign of Andronikos as presented by Niketas Choniates conforms to Aristotle's principles of classical drama, but there is a fundamental disagreement between the author of the Poetics and the historian as to what constitutes tragedy, which underlines this conflict.</span>

scholarly journals ON THE ATTACK OF THE HUNGARIAN KING BELA III ON SERBIA IN LIGHT OF THE LETTER OF EMPEROR ISAAC II TO POPE CELESTINE III

2018 ◽  
pp. 105
Author(s):  
Ivana Komatina
Keyword(s):  
Byzantine Empire ◽  
12Th Century ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship between Serbia and Hungary during the 12th century can be characterized as allied and peaceful. However, at the end of the 12th century, Hungary attacked the Serbian territory. The paper analyzes the letter sent by the emperor Isaac II to Pope Celestine III regarding the Hungarian attack on Serbia. We learn from it that the Byzantine Empire protected Serbia in such circumstances, with the claim that Serbia has been “under Romania from ancient times”. Also, since the letter was not dated, by internal analysis of the text we can conclude that it was composed in 1193, so the Hungarian attack could be dated from the end of 1192 until the middle of 1193.

scholarly journals New Lead Seal of Adrian Komnenos, Protosebastos and Megas Domestikos of the Entire West, Discovered in the Area of Rusokastro in Southeastern Bulgaria

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 96-101
Author(s):  
Nikolay Kanev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Present Article ◽  
Political Life ◽  
Byzantine Empire ◽  
Left Hand ◽  
Right Hand ◽  
12Th Century ◽  
The Social ◽  
Reliable Source ◽  
Available Information ◽  
Source Of Information

ntroduction. The present article is a primary publication of a newly discovered sphragistic artefact from the area of the medieval fortress of Rusokastro, which was acquired by the Regional Historical Museum in Burgas in 2019. Methods. In their entirety, the Byzantine lead seals are an important primary and reliable source of information on various aspects of Byzantine history. Byzantine seals are especially important from the perspective of prosopography. First of all, they are invaluable evidence of individuals who, in one way or another, participated in the social and political life of the Byzantine Empire. Therefore, the discovery of each new sphragistic monument is of great importance and the available information must be carefully analyzed. Analysis. This interesting artefact is a lead seal of the brother of the Byzantine emperor Alexius I Komnenos (1081–1118), Adrian Komnenos as a protosebastos and megas domestikos of the entire West. The obverse depicts Saint George, nimbate, standing, facing forward, holding a spear in his right hand, and resting his left hand on a shield. Inscription in 7 lines within dotted border on the reverse: + Κ(ύρι)ε β(οή)θ(ει) τῷ σῷ δούλῳ Ἀδριανῷ (πρωτο)σεβαστῷ (καὶ) μ(ε)γ(άλῳ) δομ[ε]στίκῳ πάσης Δύσεως τῷ Κομνην(ῷ). The seal dates from the end of the 11th century. Results. This new Byzantine lead seal, described in this article, increases the number of medieval sphragistic finds in the Rusokastro area, which belong to an undeniably wide chronological range – from the second half of the 8th century to the beginning of the 12th century. Thus, the number of lead seals from the area of Rusokastro grow to six, five of which are Byzantine and one is a Bulgarian imperial seal.

scholarly journals Grob 75 s lokaliteta Pakoštane-Crkvina

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Karla Gusar ◽  
Dario Vujević
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
16Th Century ◽  
Partial Reconstruction ◽  
12Th Century ◽  
The Church ◽  
Archaeological Excavations

In the course of archaeological excavations at the Pakoštane-Crkvina site from 2006 to 2013, the remnants of the Church of St. Mary, which was part of the medieval settlement of Zablaće, were unearthed. Auxiliary rooms and a medieval cemetery were uncovered beside the church. However, the features of grave 75 make it stand out. It is a constructed tomb with Romanesque style characteristics. The construction of this unusual grave can be dated to the 12th century. It can be compared to the tomb of the Abbess Vekenega in the Benedictine monastery of St. Mary in Zadar. Partial reconstruction is also possible based on the preserved parts. Apart from its rich architecture, grave 75 should also be singled out for the finds uncovered within it. These include jewellery, parts of attire and coins. Grave 75 and the other unearthed graves and finds indicate the site’s importance in the period between the 12th and 16th century. 

Orthodoxy and Bulgarian Ethnic Awareness Under Ottoman Rule, 1396-1762 Orthodoxy and Bulgarian Ethnic Awareness Under Ottoman Rule

1993 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-93
Author(s):  
Dennis P. Hupchick
Keyword(s):  
Balkan Peninsula ◽  
Great Power ◽  
Byzantine Empire ◽  
Power Politics ◽  
Muslim Population ◽  
The Balkans ◽  
Great Power Politics

By the year 1453, when the vestigial remains of the Byzantine Empire were destroyed with the fall of Constantinople, much of the Balkan peninsula was already in the hands of the conquering Ottoman Turks. The overthrow of Byzantium in that year was the capstone in a century-long process that transformed an originally militant Muslim Anatolian border emirate into a powerful Muslim empire that straddled two continents and represented a major contender in contemporary European great power politics. Over half of the population subject to the Ottoman sultan were Christian European inhabitants of the Balkans: Greeks, Serbs, Vlahs, Albanians and Bulgarians. With the conquest of Constantinople, Sultan Mehmed II Fatih, the victorious Turkish ruler, faced the quarrelsome problem of devising a secure means of governing his vast, Muslim-led empire that contained a highly heterogeneous non-Muslim population.

Fragments of a steatite icon (diptych wing) with the Great Feasts cycle excavated in Chełm (eastern Poland)

2021 ◽  
Vol 114 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-138
Author(s):  
Andrzej Buko ◽  
Tomasz Dzieńkowski ◽  
Stanisław Gołub ◽  
Mirosław P. Kruk ◽  
Marek Michalik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Archaeological Research ◽  
13Th Century ◽  
12Th Century ◽  
Petrographic Analyses ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Byzantine Icon ◽  
Archaeological Excavations

Abstract The paper presents fragments of a Byzantine icon discovered in 2015 during regular archaeological excavations carried out in Chełm, eastern Poland. Iconographic analyses allow the nine surviving fragments to be interpreted as belonging to a diptych wing with the Great Feasts cycle. The icon represents archaic iconography of the subject, with the scene of Transfiguration placed after Entry into Jerusalem and before the Crucifixion. The artefact was created in the second half or at the close of the 12th century, and it was made from steatite, which has been confirmed by petrographic analyses. The icon was discovered in the remains of a palace complex of King Daniel Romanovich, the greatest ruler of the Galicia-Volhynia Lands. The results of the archaeological research allow the terminus ante quem for the icon’s arrival in Chełm to be determined as before the middle of the 13th century. Various possible explanations as to how the icon found its way to Chełm are also explored in the paper.

scholarly journals White Stone Sarcophagi in Arcosolia of the Church of Sts. Boris and Gleb in Kideksha

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Вл.В. Седов
Keyword(s):  
12Th Century ◽  
The Church ◽  
Archaeological Excavations

В статье публикуются две арочных ниши (аркосолии) и находящиеся в них два саркофага, содержавшие останки сына князя Юрия Долгорукого князя Бориса Юрьевича (умер в 1159 г.), и его жены Марии (умерла в 1161 г.). Этот погребальный комплекс, находящийся в церкви Бориса и Глеба в Кидекше, белокаменном храме середины XII в., является одним из хорошо сохранившихся и наиболее ранних комплексов Владимиро Суздальской Руси. Он включает в себя также монументальную фресковую живопись в поле аркосолиев. Автор, проводивший в храме археологические раскопки в 2011 2012 гг., приводит аналоги их зеркальному расположению в храмах Византии и Древней Руси, а также описывает сами аркосолии и саркофаги в них, вписывая эти сооружения в контекст и типологию погребальных сооружений Владимиро Суздальского княжества. The paper publishes two arch niches (arcosolia) and two sarcophagi located in these niches with remains of Prince Boris Yurievich, son of Prince Yury the Long Arm, (died in 1159) and his wife Maria (died in 1161). This funerary complex in the Church of Sts. Boris and Gleb in Kideksha, a white stone church built in the mid 12th century, is one of the well preserved and the earliest complexes of this type in the VladimirSuzdal Rus. It also contains a monumental fresco painting in the arcosolia. The author who performed archaeological excavations in the church in 2011 2012 provides analogies of their mirror location in churches and cathedrals of Byzantium and Medieval Russia and describes the arcosolia and their sarcophagi putting them in the context and typology of funerary constructions of the Vladimir Suzdal Principality.

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