Avian Communities of Mature Balsam Fir Forests in Newfoundland: Age-Dependence and Implications for Timber Harvesting

Riparian forest strips are usually protected from logging for their buffer effect on aquatic habitats. However, their value to terrestrial wildlife species such as snowshoe hare (Lepus americanus Erxleben) is unknown. From 1990 to 1996, we compared habitat characteristics (shrubs and saplings 0.25-2.25 m high), hare browsing, and hare pellet densities in five types of experimental riparian forest strips (20, 40, 60, and >300 m wide intact strips, and 20 m wide thinned strips), in a humid boreal balsam fir (Abies balsamea (L.) Mill.) landscape managed primarily for timber harvesting in Quebec. Based on coniferous and deciduous shrub densities, all riparian forest strips and adjacent clearcuts remained low-quality habitats for hare over 6 years following clear-cutting. Only 103 shrubs were browsed in a 1500-m2 area sampled over 3 years, of which only 33 had >20% of browsed stems. Nevertheless, pellet data revealed a low but sustained use of all strips each summer and winter, and there were no changes over 6 years (mean 280 pellets/ha per month; P > 0.05). Whether hare populations are cyclic or not in our region remains an open question. However, they show some fluctuations and timber harvesting coincided with "high" hare populations in our study area. Sampling in "low" years might show that fewer hares occupy the forest strips. Further work is required to determine the influence of regional and local perturbations on the use of riparian forest strips by snowshoe hares.

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Predicting the effects of woodcutting and moose browsing on forest development in Gros Morne National Park, Newfoundland, Canada

The Forestry Chronicle ◽

10.5558/tfc86178-2 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 86 (2) ◽

pp. 178-192 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Xinbiao Zhu ◽

Charles P.-A. Bourque ◽

Scott Taylor ◽

Roger Cox ◽

Carson Wentzell

Keyword(s):

Scenario Analysis ◽

National Park ◽

Black Spruce ◽

Timber Harvesting ◽

Balsam Fir ◽

White Birch ◽

Growing Stock ◽

Transition Rules ◽

Test Scenarios ◽

Moose Browsing

Long-term scenario analysis was used to predict the effects of domestic harvesting and moose (Alces alces) browsing on forest growing stock, species composition, and age-class distribution for two groups of managed forest blocks dominated by balsam fir (Abies balsamea [L.] Mill.) in Gros Morne National Park (GMNP), western Newfoundland. Four scenarios were examined. The first scenario assumed no timber harvesting and light moose browsing. Transition rules applied to this scenario came from neighbouring industrial forests, where moose populations are regulated by hunting. The other test scenarios use GMNP-specific transition rules to address increased moose browsing in the park, where hunting has been prohibitedsince the park’s inception in 1973. One of the three tested scenarios was also given a “no timber harvest treatment” so that the effects of moose browsing on park forests may be quantified by comparison with the first scenario. The two remaining test scenarios were designed to address compound effects of timber harvesting and moose browsing within the park, each representingan alternative management sce- nario currently being implemented in GMNP. For both harvest scenarios, the overall achievable wood volume was found to be at least five orders of magnitude lower than growing stock, thus providing sufficient volume for the ongoing domestic wood- cutting program (1973-2060) in the park. The proposed levels of woodcutting were predicted to have little impact on forest growing stock and old-growth forest after 160 years of management, but not on maintaining white birch (Betula papyrifera Marsh.), which is already in low numbers. In contrast, moose browsing, although it was predicted to have little effect on age-class distribution, was estimated to cause a 12% to 32% reduction in growing stock over a 160-year planning horizon, depending on the scenario. This was characterized by a 47% to 50% reduction in growing stock of balsam fir and a 50% to 87% reduction in white birch, and a commensurate expansion in low-density black spruce (Picea mariana [Mill.] BSP) and grassland cover. Key words: balsam fir, black spruce, domestic harvest, grassland, scenario analysis, white birch

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Geographic biotype and host-associated local adaptation in a polyphagous species, Lambdina fiscellaria (Lepidoptera: Geometridae) feeding on balsam fir on Anticosti Island, Canada

Bulletin of Entomological Research ◽

10.1017/ber2006464 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 96 (6) ◽

pp. 619-627 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

C. Hébert ◽

R. Berthiaume ◽

É. Bauce ◽

J. Brodeur

Keyword(s):

Local Adaptation ◽

Balsam Fir ◽

Anticosti Island

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Snowmelt runoff modeling in a balsam fir forest with a variable source area simulator (VSAS2)

Water Resources Research ◽

10.1029/89wr03236 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 26 (5) ◽

pp. 1067-1077 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Marcel Prevost

Keyword(s):

Source Area ◽

Balsam Fir ◽

Snowmelt Runoff ◽

Variable Source ◽

Runoff Modeling ◽

Variable Source Area

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Age-Dependence in Alterations in Nitric Oxide Synthesis in Cardiovascular System during Adaptation to Physical Training

International Journal of Physiology and Pathophysiology ◽

10.1615/intjphyspathophys.v1.i4.50 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 1 (4) ◽

pp. 345-356 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

O. V. Bazilyuk ◽

Anatolii V. Kotsuruba ◽

Lyubov. G. Stepanenko ◽

Sergey A. Talanov ◽

Yu. P. Korchak ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nitric Oxide ◽

Cardiovascular System ◽

Physical Training ◽

Nitric Oxide Synthesis ◽

Age Dependence

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Green Woods Model: a forecasting tool for planning timber harvesting and protection of spruce-fir forests attacked by the spruce budworm.

10.2737/ne-gtr-91 ◽

1985 ◽

Author(s):

Robert S. Seymour ◽

Gordon D. Mott ◽

Steven M. Kleinschmidt ◽

Peter Triandafillou ◽

Robert Keane

Keyword(s):

Spruce Budworm ◽

Timber Harvesting

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Vom Forst zum Wald. Entwicklungstendenzen im naturnahen Waldbau | From a Production-Oriented Forest to a Multipurpose Forest. New Trends in Near-Natural Silviculture

Schweizerische Zeitschrift fur Forstwesen ◽

10.3188/szf.1999.0484 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 150 (12) ◽

pp. 484-488 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Wolf Hockenjos

Keyword(s):

Forest Management ◽

Timber Harvest ◽

Timber Harvesting ◽

Natural Forest ◽

The Other ◽

Private Forest ◽

Wide Spread ◽

Great Demand ◽

The Past ◽

Forest Enterprises

Concepts of near-natural forestry are in great demand these days. Most German forest administrations and private forest enterprises attach great importance to being as «near-natural» as possible. This should allow them to make the most of biological rationalisation. The concept of near-natural forestry is widely accepted, especially by conservationists. However, it is much too early to analyse how successful near-natural forestry has been to date, and therefore to decide whether an era of genuine near-natural forest management has really begun. Despite wide-spread recognition, near-natural forestry is jeopardised by mechanised timber harvesting, and particularly by the large-timber harvester. The risk is that machines, which are currently just one element of the timber harvest will gain in importance and gradually become the decisive element. The forest would then be forced to meet the needs of machinery, not the other way round. Forests would consequently become so inhospitable that they would bear no resemblance to the sylvan image conjured up by potential visitors. This could mean taking a huge step backwards: from a near-natural forest to a forest dominated by machinery. The model of multipurpose forest management would become less viable, and the forest would become divided into areas for production, and separate areas for recreation and ecology. The consequences of technical intervention need to be carefully considered, if near-natural forestry is not to become a thing of the past.

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Resources provision of woodworking industries in Ukraine: cross-national and inter-regional comparisons

Regional Economy ◽

10.36818/1562-0905-2019-3-15 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 145-154

Author(s):

Svitlana Ishchuk ◽

Lyubomyr Sozanskyy

Keyword(s):

Raw Materials ◽

Dynamic Assessment ◽

Timber Harvesting ◽

Necessary Condition ◽

The European Union ◽

Environmental Aspects ◽

Fuel Wood ◽

Significant Deterioration ◽

The Czech Republic ◽

Wood Processing

Sufficient supply of woodworking with raw materials while preserving the ecology and rational use of wood is a necessary condition for the functioning of the woodworking industry as one of the key segments of the national economy. The issue is of particular importance given the deepening of world integration processes and the introduction of a moratorium on timber exports from Ukraine. It actualizes the study of the state and dynamics of the formation of raw materials potential of domestic woodworks. The purpose of the article is a structural and dynamic assessment of the economic and environmental aspects of formation of the resource potential of Ukrainian woodworks in comparison with the countries of the European Union, as well as in the regional section by types of wood. In the structure of merchantable wood harvested in Ukraine, fuel wood share increased by 4.3 pp. during 2011-2016, whereas in 2017 it increased by 3.8 pp. compared to 2016 and amounted to 61.4%. Unlike in Ukraine, in the vast majority of EU countries business timber is the basis of the structure of harvested merchantable timber. Thus, in the neighboring countries with similar forest landscape – Poland and the Czech Republic – the share of fuel wood in 2017 was 11.6% and 12.3%, in Slovakia – only 6.3%, and in the EU as a whole – 23. 2%. Hence, the significant deterioration of the structure of the harvested merchantable timber in Ukraine can be interpreted as a threat to environmental, and therefore to national security. On the other hand, the results of the assessments revealed an increase in the volume of commercial timber harvesting in Ukraine (in 18 regions) in 2018, as well as in the level of forest reproduction in the leading regions from the harvesting of merchantable timber (Zhytomyr, Kyiv and Rivne regions) and a decrease in the death rate. The restoration of the logical patterns between the dynamics of the loss of stands and the harvesting of commercial and fuel wood are signs of the beginning of positive tendencies in ensuring the preservation and rationalization of raw potential of domestic woodworks and, at the same time, improving the conditions for deepening the level of wood processing. Further authors’ research in this area will be devoted to the search for effective forms of wood industry development in Ukraine, in particular in the Western region.

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