Exotic Newcastle Disease Eradication Program in the United States

Newcastle disease virus {NDV (avian paramyxovirus type 1 [APMV1])} isolates were recovered from imported exotic birds confiscated following importation into the United States, from waterbirds in the United States, and from poultry. The exotic birds probably originated from Central and South America, Asia, and Africa. The NDV isolates were initially characterized as highly virulent because of a short mean death time in embryonated chicken eggs. The isolates were typed as neurotropic or viscerotropic velogenic by intracloacal inoculation of adult chickens. Intracerebral pathogenicity index values for the virulent NDV isolates ranged from 1.54 to 1.90, compared to a possible maximum value of 2.0. These isolates had a dibasic amino acid motif in the fusion protein cleavage site sequence required for host systemic replication. Sequence differences were detected surrounding the fusion protein cleavage site and the matrix protein nuclear localization signal, indicating evolution of highly virulent NDV. Phylogenetically, these isolates were categorized with other highly virulent NDV strains that caused outbreaks in southern California poultry during 1972 and in cormorants in the north central United States and southern Canada during 1990 and 1992. These isolates are related to NDV that may have the APMV1 strain chicken/Australia/AV/32 or a related virus as a possible progenitor. Recent virulent NDV isolates and those recovered during disease outbreaks since the 1970s are phylogenetically distinct from current vaccine viruses and standard challenge strains.

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The Barberry Eradication Program in Minnesota for Stem Rust Control: A Case Study

Annual Review of Phytopathology ◽

10.1146/annurev-phyto-080417-050133 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 56 (1) ◽

pp. 203-223 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Paul D. Peterson

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Stem Rust ◽

The United States ◽

Alternate Host ◽

Eradication Program ◽

The Great Depression ◽

External Conditions ◽

A Minor ◽

Over Time

The Barberry Eradication Program was an unprecedented federal and state cooperative plant disease control campaign between 1918 and the late 1970s to remove common barberry ( Berberis vulgaris), the alternate host of Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici, from the major centers of wheat production in the United States. Eradication of barberry has been credited with helping to reduce stem rust of wheat to a minor problem in the United States by the end of the campaign. The Barberry Eradication Program has also been viewed as a model for successful eradication based on its robust leadership, effective publicity and public cooperation, forceful quarantine laws, and adaptive eradication methods and procedures employed in its field operations. The Barberry Eradication Program was particularly successful because of its leaders’ ability to adapt to changing internal and external conditions over time. The program lasted nearly a century, extending through two world wars and the Great Depression, with each period producing unique challenges. Because of its central role, barberry eradication in Minnesota offers an excellent case study to examine how the program developed over time and ultimately achieved success.

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Correction to: A review of virulent Newcastle disease viruses in the United States and the role of wild birds in viral persistence and spread

Veterinary Research ◽

10.1186/s13567-017-0485-7 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 48 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Vienna R. Brown ◽

Sarah N. Bevins

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Newcastle Disease ◽

Viral Persistence ◽

The United States ◽

Wild Birds

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Characterization of Newcastle Disease Viruses Isolated from Cormorant and Gull Species in the United States in 2010

Avian Diseases Digest ◽

10.1637/10022-988611-digest.1 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. e20-e21 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Diego G. Diel ◽

Patti J. Miller ◽

Paul C. Wolf ◽

Randall M. Mickley ◽

Anthony R. Musante ◽

...

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Newcastle Disease ◽

The United States

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Fly Control in Support of the Exotic Newcastle Disease Eradication Program in Southern California

Bulletin of the Entomological Society of America ◽

10.1093/besa/20.3.228 ◽

1974 ◽

Vol 20 (3) ◽

pp. 228-230 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

R. A. Bram ◽

S. W. Wilson ◽

J. B. Sardesai

Keyword(s):

Newcastle Disease ◽

Southern California ◽

Disease Eradication ◽

Eradication Program ◽

Fly Control

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Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus (Ixodida: Ixodidae) Larvae Collected From Vegetation in the Coastal Wildlife Corridor of Southern Texas and Research Solutions for Integrated Eradication

Journal of Medical Entomology ◽

10.1093/jme/tjaa002 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 57 (4) ◽

pp. 1305-1309 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Weste L A Osbrink ◽

Allan T Showler ◽

Veronica Abrigo ◽

Adalberto A Pérez de León

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

The United States ◽

Boophilus Microplus ◽

Babesia Bovis ◽

Cattle Tick ◽

Bovine Babesiosis ◽

Wildlife Corridor ◽

Eradication Program ◽

Cattle Fever Tick ◽

Cattle Fever Ticks

Abstract The potential for reinvasion of the United States by cattle fever ticks, Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) annulatus and Rhipicephalus microplus (Canestrini), which remain established in Mexico, threatens the viability of the domestic livestock industry because these ticks vector the causal agents (Babesia bovis and Babesia bigemina) of bovine babesiosis. The Cattle Fever Tick Eradication Program safeguards the health of the national cattle herd preventing the reemergence of bovine babesiosis by keeping the United States free of cattle fever ticks. Here, the collection of free-living southern cattle tick, R. microplus, larvae by sweeping flannel flags over vegetation in the wildlife corridor of Cameron and Willacy Counties, TX, is reported. Finding R. microplus larvae on vegetation complements reports of infestations in wildlife hosts inhabiting the southern Texas coastal plains. Land uses and environmental conditions have changed since cattle fever ticks were eradicated from the United States by 1943. These changes complicate efforts by the Cattle Fever Tick Eradication Program to keep cattle in the United States free of the cattle fever tick disease vectors. Current scientific research on technologies that could be used for area-wide management of fever tick larvae in south Texas and how this could be applied to integrated eradication efforts are discussed.

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