Floral Development and Chemical Defense Allocation in Wild Parsnip (Pastinaca Sativa)

Ecology ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 521-529 ◽  
Author(s):  
James K. Nitao ◽  
Arthur R. Zangerl
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Defense ◽  
Floral Development ◽  
Pastinaca Sativa ◽  
Wild Parsnip ◽  
Defense Allocation

Evaluation of furanocoumarins from seeds of the wild parsnip (Pastinaca sativa L. s.l.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 1105 ◽  
pp. 54-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorens Kviesis ◽  
Igors Kļimenkovs ◽  
Lauris Arbidans ◽  
Anton Podjava ◽  
Māris Kļaviņš ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pastinaca Sativa ◽  
Wild Parsnip

Variation in seed furanocoumarin content within the wild parsnip (Pastinaca sativa)

1986 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 659-661 ◽  
Author(s):  
May R. Berenbaum ◽  
Arthur R. Zangerl
Keyword(s):  
Pastinaca Sativa ◽  
Wild Parsnip

Wild parsnip (Pastinaca sativa)-induced photosensitization

Toxicon ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 167 ◽  
pp. 60-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bryan L. Stegelmeier ◽  
Steven M. Colegate ◽  
Edward L. Knoppel ◽  
Kerry A. Rood ◽  
Mark G. Collett
Keyword(s):  
Pastinaca Sativa ◽  
Wild Parsnip

Generalist and specialist host-parasitoid associations respond differently to wild parsnip (Pastinaca sativa) defensive chemistry

2010 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
EVAN C. LAMPERT ◽  
ARTHUR R. ZANGERL ◽  
MAY R. BERENBAUM ◽  
PAUL J. ODE
Keyword(s):  
Pastinaca Sativa ◽  
Wild Parsnip ◽  
Defensive Chemistry

Patterns of furanocoumarin production and insect herbivory in a population of wild parsnip (Pastinaca sativa L.)

Oecologia ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 236-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. R. Berenbaum
Keyword(s):  
Insect Herbivory ◽  
Pastinaca Sativa ◽  
Wild Parsnip

Water deficiency induces evolutionary tradeoff between stress tolerance and chemical defense allocation that may help explain range limits in plants

Oikos ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 121 (5) ◽  
pp. 790-800 ◽  
Author(s):  
David H. Siemens ◽  
John Duvall-Jisha ◽  
Jay Jacobs ◽  
Joseph Manthey ◽  
Riston Haugen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Defense ◽  
Stress Tolerance ◽  
Range Limits ◽  
Water Deficiency ◽  
Defense Allocation

Wild Parsnip (Pastinaca sativa): A Troublesome Species of Increasing Concern

2007 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 279-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristine M. Averill ◽  
Antonio DiTommaso
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Medical Professionals ◽  
Old Fields ◽  
Pastinaca Sativa ◽  
Effective Management ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Wild Parsnip ◽  
Wild Variety ◽  
Facultative Biennial

Although many of us fondly associate parsnips with a rustic, home-cooked meal, there is also a wild variety that is increasingly causing problems as a weed in North America. The cultivated variety is a subspecies of Pastinaca sativa (Pastinaca sativa ssp. sativa) and contains lower amounts of the problematic furanocoumarins than the wild version. Wild parsnip (Pastinaca sativa L. PAVSA) is an introduced facultative biennial from Eurasia. It has spread throughout the United States and southern Canada and is now colonizing old fields, railroad embankments, roadsides, and waste areas. Wild parsnip contains furanocoumarins, which deter herbivores from eating its foliage. These compounds can also cause phytophotodermatitis in humans and livestock, a condition that results in patches of redness and blisters on the skin when they come into contact with the sap or ingest parts of the plant in the presence of sunlight. Few people, including medical professionals, recognize the plant or associate it with the burns it causes. Recently, wild parsnip has received increasing attention as expanding populations have resulted in more frequent human and livestock contact with the plant. This article reviews important aspects of the etymology, distribution, history, biology, and management of wild parsnip. A key objective of this review is to raise awareness of the potential health problems caused by wild parsnip and to stimulate research that will lead to effective management of this increasingly problematic species.

The Biology of Canadian weeds. 144. Pastinaca sativa L.

2010 ◽  
Vol 90 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Cain ◽  
S J Darbyshire ◽  
A. Francis ◽  
R E Nurse ◽  
M -J. Simard
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Information ◽  
Wild Form ◽  
Pastinaca Sativa ◽  
Eastern Canada ◽  
Wild Parsnip ◽  
European Settlement ◽  
Application Rates ◽  
Minor Crop ◽  
Noxious Weed ◽  
A Minor

The parsnip, Pastinaca sativa, was introduced to North America shortly after European settlement as an important root-crop. It subsequently escaped cultivation and naturalized as a less palatable “wild” form. Cultivation of parsnip has diminished in Canada to the point where it is now only a minor crop, but the wild form has increased as a troublesome weed, particularly in eastern regions. Wild parsnip is most prevalent in eastern Canada and the northeastern United States, but occurs across the continent except in the far north and extreme southeast. As a monocarpic biennial with a large tap root, it reproduces entirely by seed. A wide variety of habitats and soil types are tolerated. It is considered a noxious weed because of its toxic properties (primarily photo-activated dermatitis) to both humans and livestock. It invades disturbed sites, rights-of-way, pastures, perennial crops, and reduced-tillage fields where it effectively out-competes shorter vegetation. In arable fields, wild parsnip is normally controlled by tillage. Manual removal, cutting, and mowing can be effective in reducing seed production, but direct contact with plants or sap is hazardous. Various herbicides have been reported to be useful in the control of wild parsnip (e.g., glyphosate, 2,4-D, triclopyr, etc.), but little quantitative information is available on application rates and levels of control.Key words: Panais sauvage, Pastinaca sativa, PAVSA, weed biology, wild parsnip

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