Intraspecific Competition in the Goldenrod Ball-Gallmaker (Eurosta solidaginis): Larval Mortality, Adult Fitness, Ovipositional and Host-Plant Response

1996 ◽  
Vol 136 (1) ◽  
pp. 121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew D. Hess ◽  
Warren G. Abrahamson ◽  
Jonathan M. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Intraspecific Competition ◽  
Larval Mortality ◽  
Plant Response ◽  
Eurosta Solidaginis ◽  
Adult Fitness

The influence of host plant variation and intraspecific competition on oviposition preference and offspring performance in the host races of Eurosta solidaginis

2000 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy P. Craig ◽  
Joanne K. Itami ◽  
Cathleen Shantz ◽  
Warren G. Abrahamson ◽  
John. D. Horner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Intraspecific Competition ◽  
Oviposition Preference ◽  
Eurosta Solidaginis ◽  
Offspring Performance ◽  
Plant Variation ◽  
Host Races

Host and Non-Host Plant Response to Bacterial Wilt in Potato: Role of the Lipopolysaccharide Isolated fromRalstonia solanacearumand Molecular Analysis of Plant-Pathogen Interaction

2008 ◽  
Vol 5 (12) ◽  
pp. 2662-2675 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nunzio Esposito ◽  
Olga G. Ovchinnikova ◽  
Amalia Barone ◽  
Astolfo Zoina ◽  
Otto Holst ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Molecular Analysis ◽  
Plant Pathogen ◽  
Bacterial Wilt ◽  
Plant Response ◽  
Plant Pathogen Interaction

INTRASPECIFIC COMPETITION IN ANOPHELES STEPHENSI (DIPTERA: CULICIDAE): II. THE EFFECTS OF MORE CROWDED DENSITIES AND THE ADDITION OF ANTIBIOTICS

1977 ◽  
Vol 109 (11) ◽  
pp. 1475-1480 ◽  
Author(s):  
William K. Reisen ◽  
Richard W. Emory
Keyword(s):  
Emerging Adults ◽  
Amphotericin B ◽  
Intraspecific Competition ◽  
Anopheles Stephensi ◽  
Larval Mortality ◽  
Indirect Evidence ◽  
Penicillin G ◽  
Microbial Populations ◽  
Inhibitory Compounds ◽  
Developmental Rates

AbstractAnopheles stephensi Liston larvae were reared in food- and space-limited environments to which a mixture of penicillin G, chloramphenicol, and amphotericin B was added to suppress microbial populations. Under crowded conditions larvae took longer to develop, exhibited reduced survival, had an extended pupation period, and produced adults that were smaller. Under uncrowded conditions slightly more males than females emerged, whereas under crowded conditions proportionately fewer males than females emerged. Indirect evidence suggested that inhibitory compounds that slowed development and increased larval mortality were produced by crowded larvae. The addition of antibiotics did not suppress all microbial populations, but rather selected for resistant Pseudomonas-group bacteria which actually increased in number. The addition of antibiotics increased developmental rates at uncrowded, but not crowded densities, increased larval mortality, and increased the size of the emerging adults. Residual antibiotics increased development rates in a subsequent bioassay of the rearing media.

PERFORMANCE OF TRIRHABDA VIRGATA (COLEOPTERA: CHRYSOMELIDAE) ON THREE POTENTIAL HOSTS

1999 ◽  
Vol 131 (6) ◽  
pp. 801-811 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.E. Blatt ◽  
A.M. Schindel ◽  
R. Harmsen
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Larval Survival ◽  
Food Plants ◽  
Fitness Components ◽  
First Instar ◽  
Plant Fecundity ◽  
Adult Fitness ◽  
Neonate Larvae ◽  
Trirhabda Virgata

AbstractThe suitability of three potential host plants, Solidago canadensis L. var. canadensis (Asteraceae), Solidago graminifolia (L.) Salisb., and Aster lateriflorus L. (Asteraceae), for the goldenrod beetle, Trirhabda virgata LeConte was determined by measuring several fitness components during the T. virgata life cycle. Neonate larvae were collected from S. canadensis plants and transplanted onto S. canadensis, S. graminifolia, and A. lateriflorus and maintained in field enclosures until the last instar was reached. Once brought into the laboratory, larvae were fed their assigned host plant until pupation. Following emergence, adults were weighed and separated into mating pairs to record oviposition and longevity. Eggs were kept in the laboratory until the following spring, when first instar larvae were taken into the field and re-established on their assigned host, and the experiment was repeated for 2 years. Larval survival and rate of development was not affected by the host plant. Mean weight of adults at emergence was greater on S. canadensis than on either S. graminifolia or A. lateriflorus. Two components of adult fitness, postmating longevity and realized fecundity, were measured. Longevity of adult female T. virgata was not affected by the host plant. Fecundity of T. virgata reared on A. lateriflorus and S. graminifolia was lower than the fecundity of females reared on S. canadensis. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that both intrinsic plant quality and the mobility of the foraging stage are important in the evolution of host range in T. virgata. These experiments were repeated over a 3-year period, using offspring from the survivors of the previous year for the 2nd and 3rd years. Over this time, individuals experienced "laboratory adaptation," and both accepted and increased their performance on previously unacceptable food plants.

scholarly journals Role of Host Plant Phenology in Host Use by Eurosta solidaginis (Diptera: Tephritidae) on Solidago (Compositae)

1993 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 388-396 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Torgerson How ◽  
Warren G. Abrahamson ◽  
Timothy P. Craig
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Plant Phenology ◽  
Host Use ◽  
Eurosta Solidaginis

Larval intraspecific competition for food in the European grapevine moth Lobesia botrana

2014 ◽  
Vol 104 (4) ◽  
pp. 517-524 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Thiéry ◽  
K. Monceau ◽  
J. Moreau
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Intraspecific Competition ◽  
Life History Traits ◽  
Larval Mortality ◽  
Lobesia Botrana ◽  
Reproductive Capacity ◽  
Strong Increase ◽  
European Grapevine Moth ◽  
Grapevine Moth ◽  
Larval Crowding

AbstractEffective pest management with lower amounts of pesticides relies on accurate prediction of insect pest growth rates. Knowledge of the factors governing this trait and the resulting fitness of individuals is thus necessary to refine predictions and make suitable decisions in crop protection. The European grapevine moth, Lobesia botrana, the major pest of grapes in Europe, is responsible for huge economic losses. Larvae very rarely leave the grape bunch on which they were oviposited and thus cannot avoid intraspecific competition. In this study, we determined the impact of intraspecific competition during the larval stage on development and adult fitness in this species. This was tested by rearing different numbers of larvae on an artificial diet and measuring developmental and reproductive life history traits. We found that intraspecific competition during larval development has a slight impact on the fitness of L. botrana. The principal finding of this work is that larval density has little effect on the life history traits of survivors. Thus, the timing of eclosion, duration of subsequent oviposition, fecundity appears to be more uniform in L. botrana than in other species. The main effect of larval crowding was a strong increase of larval mortality at high densities whereas the probability of emergence, sex ratio, pupal mass, fecundity and longevity of mated females were not affected by larval crowding. Owing to increased larval mortality at high larval densities, we hypothesized that mortality of larvae at high densities provided better access to food for the survivors with the result that more food was available per capita and there were no effect on fitness of survivors. From our results, larval crowding alters the reproductive capacity of this pest less than expected but this single factor should now be tested in interaction with limited resources in the wild.

Host plant response and phenotypic plasticity of a galling weevil (Collabismus clitellae: Curculionidae)

2001 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andréa L. T. De Souza ◽  
Marcel O. Tanaka ◽  
G. Wilson Fernandes ◽  
José E. C. Figueira
Keyword(s):  
Phenotypic Plasticity ◽  
Host Plant ◽  
Plant Response

Molecular-marker-facilitated investigation of host-plant response to Exserohilum turcicum in maize (Zea mays L.): components of resistance

1994 ◽  
Vol 88-88 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 305-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. J. Freymark ◽  
M. Lee ◽  
C. A. Martinson ◽  
W. L. Woodman
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Molecular Marker ◽  
Host Plant ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Plant Response ◽  
Exserohilum Turcicum ◽  
Components Of Resistance

Mortality and life-tables of Cactoblastis cactorum (Berg) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) compared on two host-plant species

1989 ◽  
Vol 79 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamish G. Robertson ◽  
J. H. Hoffmann
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Larval Mortality ◽  
Adult Mortality ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Life Tables ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cactoblastis Cactorum ◽  
Summer Generation ◽  
Lepidoptera Pyralidae

AbstractThe performance of Cactoblastis cactorum (Berg) as a biological control agent of the cactus weeds Opuntia ficus-indica and O. aurantiaca was assessed by compiling life-tables for each host-plant, in both a summer and a winter generation, at a site in South Africa. Egg predation, mostly by ants, ranged from 54 to 74% and was significantly higher on O. aurantiaca than on O. ficus-indica. Larval mortality on O. aurantiaca was high during the summer generation (65%), possibly because of dehydration of cladodes. Survival on O. aurantiaca was 55 and 60% of that on O. ficus-indica in the summer and winter generations, respectively. Adult mortality, calculated from the life-tables, was 45 and 84% in the summer and winter generations, respectively. The most important components of mortality were natural enemies in the summer generation and weather-related factors in the winter generation. Host-plant-related mortality was not as great as was formerly supposed.

Host-Plant Specific Feeding Relationships and Insect Developmental Stage Modulate the Impact of Rainfall on Diamondback Moth Larvae

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
M D Mahbubur Rahman ◽  
Myron P Zalucki ◽  
Michael J Furlong
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Chinese Cabbage ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Larval Mortality ◽  
Diamondback Moth ◽  
Feeding Site ◽  
Feeding Sites ◽  
Leaf Surfaces ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Oviposition Sites

Abstract The impact of simulated rainfall on diamondback moth (DBM), Plutella xylostella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae), larvae depends on their stage-specific feeding behavior, physical characteristics, and host plants. Neonates released at typical oviposition sites on Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa var. pekinensis L. [Brassicales: Brassicaceae]) plants moved less (3–72 cm) and spend shorter periods (>1 h) than it has been previously reported for common cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata L. [Brassicales: Brassicaceae]) (>80 cm and >3 h, respectively) before establishing feeding sites. On both host plants, larvae spent longer on the abaxial surfaces of leaves and were more likely to establish mines there than on the adaxial surfaces. On Chinese cabbage plants, ≈40% of neonates were removed when exposed to rainfall (5.6 cm/h for 3 min) within 5 min of release. Larval losses decreased rapidly as the interval between release and rainfall exposure increased and exposure to rainfall 2 h after release did not affect survival. On common cabbage plants, ≈65% of neonates were removed when exposed to rainfall within 30 min of release, losses decreased as the interval between release and rainfall exposure increased, but they decreased more slowly than on Chinese cabbage, and rainfall caused significant larval mortality up to 4 h after release. Rainfall also affected later instar larvae (susceptibility: 2nd> 3rd = 4th) but neither the susceptibility of these larvae nor that of pupae was affected by the host plant. Wet leaf surfaces disrupted movement and feeding site establishment by neonates. When dislodged from plants on to the surface of wet soil, most later stage larvae could relocate host plants, but most neonates could not.

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