Investigating Correlates of Sedentism and Domestication in Prehistoric North America

1998 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 553-571 ◽  
Author(s):  
George H. Odell
Keyword(s):  
Residential Mobility ◽  
Stone Tools ◽  
Plant Domestication ◽  
American Continent ◽  
The Holocene ◽  
North American Continent ◽  
The North ◽  
Use Wear ◽  
Specific Activities ◽  
Direct Results

Throughout the Holocene occupation of the North American continent, residential mobility declined while plant domestication increased. Direct results of these processes have been investigated through structural, paleobotanical and ceramic analyses, but have rarely been detected in assemblages of stone tools. This study involves intensive technological and use-wear analyses of lithic materials from five excavated sites in the Illinois Valley that span 7,500 years of the Holocene. Results of functional trends analyzed through time indicate that most of the specific activities and worked materials in which the tools were engaged are stochastic in nature. Nevertheless, certain trends, including increases in the proportion of chopping/percussion damage and the presence of hoeing wear in later components, are consistent with changes in mobility and plant manipulation. The presence of other coeval processes is indicated by increases in wear from drilling and projectile use. In addition, support is found for the contention that highly mobile foragers of the Early Holocene needed standardized, multi-functional implements such as bifaces. The decline in bifacial technologies throughout the Holocene provides a measure of increasing sedentism, as considerations of versatility and portability were eschewed in favor of more expedient technologies.

scholarly journals Q fever in South Australia: an outbreak in a meat-works

1962 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret D. Beech ◽  
A. E. Duxbury ◽  
Peter Warner
Keyword(s):  
Q Fever ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Meteorological Conditions ◽  
American Continent ◽  
North American Continent ◽  
The Past ◽  
The North ◽  
Epidemiological Features ◽  
Very High ◽  
Abattoir Workers

This paper consists of an epidemiological study of 52 cases of Q fever occurring in metropolitan Adelaide in 1957 and also a description of the results of a survey of 516 sera obtained from abattoir workers.The only case occurring outside the abattoirs was a dairy farmer who probably became infected while visiting the abattoirs. If this were so the incubation period (35 days) of his disease would have been exceptionally long.The general features of the outbreak, which lasted several months, differed from those on the North American continent in that the latter occurred explosively within a few days with very high attack rates. The situation in the Adelaide abattoirs is similar to that in Brisbane, where the disease appears to be endemic. However, unlike in Adelaide, cases are commonly recognized outside the abattoirs in Brisbane.In the abattoirs the disease affected mainly inspectors, those working on killing beef, and those working on offal. Mutton workers were not so severely affected. However, all these groups had similar incidences of low titre antibodies suggesting that in the past Q fever spread equally in all killing departments. In departments not directly associated with slaughtering the incidence both of cases in 1957 and low titre antibodies was relatively small.It was suggested that the epidemiological features of Q fever in Adelaide could be explained by the irregular appearance of animals from infected herds situated perhaps in Queensland—a known endemic area. Perhaps the appearance of such animals in the Adelaide abattoirs might be governed by meteorological conditions such that they were prevented from going to the ordinarily most convenient slaughterhouse.

Francisco de Miranda in Russia

1950 ◽  
Vol 6 (04) ◽  
pp. 431-449 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph O. Baylen ◽  
Dorothy Woodward
Keyword(s):  
North American ◽  
American Continent ◽  
Grand Tour ◽  
North American Continent ◽  
The North ◽  
Austrian Minister

On September 26, 1786, Don Francisco de Miranda, adventurer and patriot, secured a passport from the Austrian Minister in Constantinople which enabled him to continue his “grand tour” to Russia. The nature of Miranda’s subsequent visit, and the extent to which his reception at the court of Catherine II influenced Spanish and Russian policy, assumes significance in the light of events on the North American continent immediately preceding and during his stay in Russia.

scholarly journals Identification of a Marine Green Alga Percursaria percursa from Hypersaline Springs in the Middle of the North American Continent

2005 ◽  
Vol 119 (1) ◽  
pp. 82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen L. Londry ◽  
Pascal H. Badiou ◽  
Stephen E. Grasby
Keyword(s):  
Green Alga ◽  
Microbial Mat ◽  
American Continent ◽  
North American Continent ◽  
The North ◽  
Western Shore ◽  
Dominant Member ◽  
Hypersaline Springs ◽  
First Time ◽  
North Western

The chlorophycean alga Percursaria percursa (Ulvaceae, Ulvales, Chlorophyceae), typical of marine inter-tidal zones, is reported for the first time from hypersaline springs located along the north-western shore of Lake Winnipegosis in Manitoba. Although not usually found inland, P. percursa is the dominant member of microbial mat communities that thrive in shallow pools at the outlets of hypersaline springs.

The Life History and Dispersal of the Bruce Spanworm, Operophtera bruceata (Hulst), (Lepidoptera: Geometridae)

1962 ◽  
Vol 94 (10) ◽  
pp. 1103-1107 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. E. Brown
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Life History ◽  
The United States ◽  
American Continent ◽  
Forest Insect ◽  
North American Continent ◽  
The Third ◽  
The North ◽  
Insect Survey ◽  
Bruce Spanworm

The Bruce spanworrn, Operophtera bruceata (Hulst), is most common in the mid latitudes of the North American Continent; in Canada it occurs from Newfoundland to the interior of British Columbia (Prentice, In Press) and has been reported from Vermont and Wisconsin in the United States (Craighead, 1950.) Three outbreaks of this insect have been recorded in Alberta. The first occurred in 1903 (de Gryse, 1925) and was apparently of short duration. The second reported by Wolley Dod (1913) occurred in 1913 and denuded hundreds of acres of aspen poplar. Heavy defoliation in the third outbreak became evident in 1957 (Brown, 1957) but an examination of Forest Insect Survey records revealed that population buildup began about 1951. The outbreak continued to expand until 1958 and began to decline in 1959; by 1961 populations were again low except for one or two isolated areas where moderate to low populations persisted. At the peak of the outbreak in 1958 approximately 50,000 square miies were moderately or heavily infested and many more lightly infested.

The genus Crepidotus in Hawaii

1973 ◽  
Vol 51 (6) ◽  
pp. 1251-1254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Ueki ◽  
Clifford W. Smith
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
North American ◽  
American Continent ◽  
North American Continent ◽  
The North ◽  
One New Species

Ten species of the genus Crepidotus are described from Hawaii. They are Crepidotus alabamensis, C. amygdalosporus, C. appalachianensis, C. applanatus var. globigera, C. avellaneus, C. citrinus, C. mollis, C. nephrodes, and C. rhizomorphus. One new species, C. bakerae, is proposed. Keys and distinctive characters of each species are provided. It is suggested that most of the species came from the North American continent.

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