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Neurology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 98 (1 Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. S3.1-S3
Author(s):  
Viviana Jimenez ◽  
Aaron Yengo-Kahn ◽  
Jessica Wallace ◽  
Douglas Totten ◽  
Christopher Bonfield ◽  
...  

ObjectiveYoung American athletes, at risk of sport-related concussion (SRC), represent many races, however, it is unknown how race influences the experience and outcome of SRC. Our objective was to compare White and Black athletes' recovery and subjective experiences after SRC.BackgroundNA.Design/MethodsA retrospective study was performed using the Vanderbilt Sport Concussion registry. Self-reported White (n = 211) and Black (n = 36) athletes (ages 12–23) treated for SRC between 2012 and 15 were included. Athletes with learning disabilities or psychiatric conditions were excluded. Data was collected by EMR review and phone calls to athletes and parents/guardians. The primary outcomes were: (1) days to symptom resolution (SR), (2) days to return-to-school, (3) changes in any daily activity (binary), (4) and sport behavior (binary). Secondary outcomes were changes in specific activities such as sleep, schoolwork, television time, as well as equipment (binary), playing style (more reckless, unchanged, less reckless) and whether the athlete retired from sport. Descriptive analyses, multivariable Cox proportional hazards and logistic regression were performed.ResultsA retrospective study was performed using the Vanderbilt Sport Concussion registry. Self-reported White (n = 211) and Black (n = 36) athletes (ages 12–23) treated for SRC between 2012 and 15 were included. Athletes with learning disabilities or psychiatric conditions were excluded. Data was collected by EMR review and phone calls to athletes and parents/guardians. The primary outcomes were: (1) days to symptom resolution (SR), (2) days to return-to-school, (3) changes in any daily activity (binary), (4) and sport behavior (binary). Secondary outcomes were changes in specific activities such as sleep, schoolwork, television time, as well as equipment (binary), playing style (more reckless, unchanged, less reckless) and whether the athlete retired from sport. Descriptive analyses, multivariable Cox proportional hazards and logistic regression were performed.ConclusionsRacial differences appear to exist in the outcomes and experience of SRC for young athletes, as Black athletes reached symptom resolution and return-to-school sooner than White athletes. Race should be considered as an important social determinant in SRC treatment.


Neurology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 98 (1 Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. S1.2-S1
Author(s):  
Samuel Fuller ◽  
Esha Jain ◽  
Newton Venkat Nagirimadugu ◽  
Robert W. Turner

ObjectiveYoung American athletes, at risk of sport-related concussion (SRC), represent many races; however, it is unknown how race influences the experience and outcome of SRC. Our objective was to compare White and Black athletes' recovery and subjective experiences after SRC.BackgroundNA.Design/MethodsA retrospective study was performed using the Vanderbilt Sport Concussion registry. Self-reported White (n = 211) and Black (n = 36) athletes (ages 12–23) treated for SRC between 2012 and 15 were included. Athletes with learning disabilities or psychiatric conditions were excluded. Data was collected by EMR review and phone calls to athletes and parents/guardians. The primary outcomes were: (1) days to symptom resolution (SR), (2) days to return-to-school, (3) changes in any daily activity (binary), (4) and sport behavior (binary). Secondary outcomes were changes in specific activities such as sleep, schoolwork, television time, as well as equipment (binary), playing style (more reckless, unchanged, less reckless) and whether the athlete retired from sport. Descriptive analyses, multivariable Cox proportional hazards and logistic regression were performed.ResultsA retrospective study was performed using the Vanderbilt Sport Concussion registry. Self-reported White (n = 211) and Black (n = 36) athletes (ages 12–23) treated for SRC between 2012 and 15 were included. Athletes with learning disabilities or psychiatric conditions were excluded. Data was collected by EMR review and phone calls to athletes and parents/guardians. The primary outcomes were: (1) days to symptom resolution (SR), (2) days to return-to-school, (3) changes in any daily activity (binary), (4) and sport behavior (binary). Secondary outcomes were changes in specific activities such as sleep, schoolwork, television time, as well as equipment (binary), playing style (more reckless, unchanged, less reckless) and whether the athlete retired from sport. Descriptive analyses, multivariable Cox proportional hazards and logistic regression were performed.ConclusionsRacial differences appear to exist in the outcomes and experience of SRC for young athletes, as Black athletes reached symptom resolution and return-to-school sooner than White athletes. Race should be considered as an important social determinant in SRC treatment.


PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. e0258413
Author(s):  
Yu-Ping Tsai ◽  
Shih-Han Hung ◽  
Tsung-Ren Huang ◽  
William C. Sullivan ◽  
Shih-An Tang ◽  
...  

Graphic design thinking is a key skill for landscape architects, but little is known about the links between the design process and brain activity. Based on Goel’s frontal lobe lateralization hypothesis (FLLH), we used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to scan the brain activity of 24 designers engaging in four design processes—viewing, copy drawing, preliminary ideas, and refinement—during graphic design thinking. The captured scans produced evidence of dramatic differences between brain activity when copying an existing graphic and when engaging in graphic design thinking. The results confirm that designs involving more graphic design thinking exhibit significantly more activity in the left prefrontal cortex. These findings illuminate the design process and suggest the possibility of developing specific activities or exercises to promote graphic design thinking in landscape architecture.


Life ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1370
Author(s):  
Ondřej Harkut ◽  
Petr Alexa ◽  
Radim Uhlář

We compare the specific activities of 137Cs and 40K in stipes and caps of three different common mushroom species (Xerocomus badius, Russula ochroleuca and Armillariella mellea) measured at the Czech Chernobyl hot spot in the Opava area (Silesia) and at a low-exposed site at the Beskydy mountains in 2011. The highest values of 137Cs were found in caps of Xerocomus badius and Russula ochroleuca in the Opava area (11.8 and 8.77 kBq/kg, respectively). The source of 137Cs was verified by the measurement of the 134Cs/137Cs ratio. Based on our results, we estimate an effective dose per year due to radiocaesium intake in the two investigated areas for Xerocomus badius, one of the most popular edible mushrooms in the Czech Republic. In 2011, the effective dose reached the maximum value of 0.102 mSv in the Opava area and 0.004 mSv at the low-exposed site at the Beskydy mountains. Therefore, it does not represent a significant risk for public health.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2145 (1) ◽  
pp. 012019
Author(s):  
P Kessaratikoon ◽  
D Riyapunt ◽  
R Boonkrongcheep ◽  
N Changkit

Study on assessment of contamination of natural and artificial radionuclides in agricultural products samples are very important to all human being as a consumer. In the present study, we have measured and evaluated the specific activities of natural (40K, 226Ra and 232Th) and anthropogenic (137Cs) radionuclide in rice samples. The 30 rice samples were collected from general and department stores at Songkhla province in the south of Thailand. The high-purity germanium (HPGe) detector and gamma-ray spectrometry analysis system which was set-up in advanced laboratory in Thailand Institute of Nuclear Technology (public Organization) or TINT were employed to perform all of measurements and analysis for this study. The frequency distribution of specific activities of 40K, 226Ra, 232Th and 137Cs for this study were also studied and found to be asymmetrical distribution with the skewness of 1.29, 1.43, 2.32 and 0.82, respectively. For this reason, the median values of specific activities of 40K, 226Ra and 232Th which were 620.04 ± 44.30, 3.73 ±0.54 and 2.44 ±0.54 Bq/kg respectively, should be selected and also used to calculate some related radiological hazard indices in this study. Furthermore, the excess lifetime cancer risk (ELCR) would be also evaluated and presented. Moreover, the results of present study were taken to compare with some data and studies in Thailand and global measurement and calculations. It was found that the outcomes satisfied the standards of UNSCEAR and IAEA.


2021 ◽  
Vol 178 ◽  
pp. 109980
Author(s):  
Andrius Slavickas ◽  
Gediminas Stankunas ◽  
Andrius Tidikas ◽  
Simona Breidokaite

Geosciences ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 489
Author(s):  
Alexander L. Peace ◽  
Jeremy J. Gabriel ◽  
Carolyn Eyles

In response to the COVID-19 pandemic and resultant cancelation of geoscience fieldwork, as well as outstanding accessibility issues inherent in conducting fieldwork, we developed a virtual geological fieldtrip (VFT) to the Huronian age deposits in the Whitefish Falls area, Ontario, Canada. This region is a geologically significant site in which many Ontario universities conduct undergraduate teaching due to the high-quality exposures. In this contribution, we describe and comment on the development of this openly available resource, the motivations in doing so, the challenges faced, its pedagogical impact and relevance, as well as provide suggestions to others in the development of such resources. Our multimedia VFT combines 360° imagery, georeferenced data on integrated maps, and multi-scale imagery (aerial/drone, outcrop, and thin section images). The VFT was built using the Esri Storymaps platform, and thus offers us the opportunity to review the effectiveness of building such resources using this medium, as well as our approach to doing so. We conclude that the Esri Storymaps platform provides a sound medium for the dissemination of multimedia VFTs, but that some aspects of in-person fieldwork remain hard to replicate. Most notably, this affects “hands on experience” and specific activities such as geological mapping. In addition, while VFTs alleviate some accessibility barriers to geoscience fieldwork, substantial barriers remain that should remain the focus of both pedagogical and geoscience work.


2021 ◽  
Vol 604 (9) ◽  
pp. 3-14
Author(s):  
Jakub Adamczewski ◽  
Agnieszka Nymś-Górna

The article refers to the difficult situation of school, and above all of children, in the context of the ongoing pandemic. The aim of this article was to present the possibilities of organizing time for children, based on the example of activities undertaken by one of the primary schools (the “Creative boredom” programme). The specific activities of children were analysed. Based on own observations and conversations with children and teachers, a map of activities that reflects creative boredom was created. The analyses show that creative boredom is extremely important in the context of developing a child’s potential. It was also noticed that during the current changes related to the pandemic situation, the school has an additional obligation related to the increased building and nurturing of the student-teacher relationship, which allows the child not only to meet the needs, but also to develop.


Author(s):  
Alexander L. Peace ◽  
Jeremy J. Gabriel ◽  
Carolyn Eyles

In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, and resultant cancellation of geoscience fieldwork, as well as outstanding accessibility issues inherent in conducting fieldwork, we developed a virtual geological fieldtrip (VFT) to the Huronian age deposits in the Whitefish Falls area, Ontario, Canada. This region is a geologically significant site in which many Ontario universities conduct undergraduate teaching due to the high-quality exposures. In this contribution we describe and comment on the development of this openly available resource, the motivations in doing so, the challenges faced, its pedagogical impact and relevance, as well as provide suggestions to others in the development of such resources. Our multimedia VFT combines 360° imagery, georeferenced data on integrated maps, and multi-scale imagery (aerial/drone, outcrop, and thin section images). The VFT was built using the Esri Storymaps platform, and thus offers us the opportunity to review the effectiveness of building such resources using this medium, as well as our approach to doing so. We conclude that the Esri Storymaps platform provides a sound medium for the dissemination of multimedia VFTs, but that some aspects of in-person fieldwork remain hard to replicate. Most notably, ‘hands on experience’ and specific activities such as geological mapping. In addition, while VFTs alleviate some accessibility barriers to geoscience fieldwork, substantial barriers remain that should remain the focus of both pedagogical and geoscience work.


enadakultura ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ketevan Gochitashvili ◽  
Giuli Sha bashvili

Critical thinking is a complex phenomenon, that helps the learner to separate relevant information from irrelevant and unnecessary information, to evaluate and explain events and facts, to formulate a clear argument objectively, to deliver the right message to the target audience, and to find ways to solve the problem. Critical thinking is directly related to the teaching of academic writing and is a transferable skill that helps students both to complete other university courses successfully and to build a further professional career. The aim of the paper is to identify the challenges and problems faced by both instructors and students at the university level in Georgia in terms of developing critical thinking skills while teaching/learning an academic writing course. Moreover, the paper presents specific activities to solve the given problems. The paper offers teachers the basic strategies and techniques that can be used to achieve the goals set out in the curriculum. The following research methods are applied: questionnaires and classroom observation.The following factors can be named as limitations of the research: relatively small number of students; The study was conducted for only one semester.The analysis of the questionnaires revealed the following issues related to critical thinking and writing for the students: lack of ability to formulate an objective critical opinion, reliability of sources, formulation of main research questions and hypotheses, generalization, separation of main and secondary information, focus on key issues and formulation of logical coherent conclusions.The paper suggests specific activities and questions for the development of critical thinking that are needed to process a text or information.The use of these approaches and methods should be implemented at different levels of the course. The teacher in advance should design and plan activities that will be used during the class. Critical thinking development activities should be combined with all the assignments and activities covering all the topics of the course. In the process of searching the proper materials, the student should master the techniques of working on sources, the criteria for determining the reliability and relevance of sources. In addition, the student should be able to process a significant amount of materials, merge main and secondary information, paraphrase the information, and integrate it into their own text in accordance with academic standards. As a result, the student should be able to evaluate the material retrieved and present and argue their own position.


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