World Trade. Report to the British National Committee, International Chamber of Commerce, by a Sub-Committee on Post-War International Trade. With a Supplement on the Post-War Prospects, Possibilities and Limitations of the Export Trade of the United Kingdom

1944 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 563-563
Author(s):  
A.J.B.
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
World Trade ◽  
National Committee ◽  
Export Trade ◽  
Chamber Of Commerce ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Post War ◽  
International Chamber Of Commerce

scholarly journals Features of formation and use of Incoterms rules in different editions

2020 ◽  
pp. 43-48
Author(s):  
Liubov HANAS ◽  
Andrii TODOSHCHUK
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Irreversible Process ◽  
Actual Problem ◽  
Chamber Of Commerce ◽  
Domestic Trade ◽  
Eighth Edition ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
International Chamber Of Commerce ◽  
Group D ◽  
Made In

Introduction. The globalization of the world space is an irreversible process and it requires clear generalizations and systematization. In the trade sphere, these are the rules of Incoterms. The study of these rules is quite an actual problem today, considering that nine interpretations have been formed, the last of which took place this year. The purpose of the paper is to analyze the editions of Incoterms, which are published by the International Chamber of Commerce in order to unify the rules of international trade. Results. As of January 1, 2020, nine editions of the rules of international and domestic trade were formed – Incoterms: 1936, 1953, 1967, 1974, 1980, 1990, 2000, 2010 and 2020. The first systematization of the rules of international trade had six conditions (FAS, FOB, CNF, CIF, EXS, EXQ), which directly related to sea or river transport. The next edition took place only 17 years later. This edition adds three terms of delivery, that did not apply to water transport (FOT, FOR and DCP). The third edition was made in 1967, as a result DAF and DDP terms were added. The fourth edition was published in 1974. This led to the inclusion of a new term FOB Airport – «Free on Board Airport». In 1980, the term FRC (Free Carrier… Named at Point) was introduced. All versions of the rules before 1990 were based on the introduction of additional terms that would be convenient to use in international trade. And in 1990, the International Chamber of Commerce updated the list of Incoterms by eliminating inapplicable and introducing new terms. A new version of the rules was published in 2000, however, neither the quantity nor the names of the terms of delivery have changed. The interpretation of certain terms has changed. The eighth edition was made in 2010, but came into force on January 1, 2011. This interpretation presents eleven conditions of Incoterms. The eighth edition introduced significant changes into the group “D”. The ninth version of the terms of international deliveries came into force on January 1, 2020, indicating the main changes related to product insurance, replacement of delivery from the group “D”, changes in the order of items within the definition of obligations of buyer and seller, etc. Conclusions. The Incoterms rules do not replace the contract between the buyer and the seller, they only define the main obligations, risks and costs, unless otherwise agreed by the parties of the contract. Incoterms are extremely important in the unification of international trade and they will change in the process of international trade in case of occurrence of such a need.

Psychiatric research and primary care in Britain – past, present and future

1982 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 493-499 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Shepherd
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
Psychiatric Research ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Post War

SYNOPSISA brief review of post-war developments indicates the course of research into psychiatric morbidity at the level of primary care in the United Kingdom. The theoretical and practical importance of such work has now been demonstrated and some major lines of future enquiry are outlined.

15. International sales

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
MA Clarke ◽  
RJA Hooley ◽  
RJC Munday ◽  
LS Sealy ◽  
AM Tettenborn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Future Prospects ◽  
Chamber Of Commerce ◽  
English Law ◽  
International Chamber Of Commerce ◽  
International Sales

This chapter examines the rules of English law governing international sales as they affect buyer and seller. There is more than one way in which a sale of goods contract may have an international element. For example, the seller and buyer may be in different jurisdictions, or the contract of sale may contemplate that the goods are to be carried from one country to another. A surprisingly large proportion of international trade is carried on under contracts governed by English law by choice of the parties. This chapter begins with a discussion of typical export transactions under INCOTERMS 2010, a set of international rules for the interpretation of trade terms promulgated by the International Chamber of Commerce. It then considers sales via sea carriage, along with other contracts involving international sales. It also analyses payment in international sales transactions and concludes with an overview of future prospects for international sales.

David Guthrie Catcheside, 31 May 1907 - 1 June 1994

1995 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 118-134 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Sciences ◽  
United Kingdom ◽  
Genetic Recombination ◽  
Biochemical Genetics ◽  
Research School ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
National University ◽  
Post War ◽  
Effects Of Radiation ◽  
Australian Department

David Catcheside was one of the seminal figures in the post-war development of genetics, both in the United Kingdom and Australia. He made distinguished contributions in several different areas: plant genetics and cytology, the genetic effects of radiation, fungal biochemical genetics, controls of genetic recombination and, in his retirement, bryology. As a teacher and postgraduate supervisor he played a large part in launching the next generation of geneticists in both hemispheres. As a professor and administrator he was responsible for several new institutional developments including the first Australian Department of Genetics, the first Department of Microbiology at Birmingham and, perhaps most importantly, the Research School of Biological Sciences of the Australian National University.

The Birmingham Burn Centre archive: A photographic history of post-war burn care in the United Kingdom

Burns ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 680-688 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Hardwicke ◽  
Angus Kohlhardt ◽  
Naiem Moiemen
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Burn Care ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
History Of ◽  
Post War
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