Attacking Low-Income Problems in Rural Areas of New York State

1941 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 493
Author(s):  
Max E. Brunk
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
New York State ◽  
York State

scholarly journals Using Rural–Urban Continuum Codes (RUCCS) to Examine Alcohol-Related Motor Vehicle Crash Injury and Enforcement in New York State

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. 1346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joyce C. Pressley ◽  
Leah M. Hines ◽  
Michael J. Bauer ◽  
Shin Ah Oh ◽  
Joshua R. Kuhl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Evaluation System ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Metropolitan Areas ◽  
New York State ◽  
Emergency Department Visits ◽  
Higher Alcohol ◽  
York State ◽  
Metropolitan Counties

Rural areas of New York State (NYS) have higher rates of alcohol-related motor vehicle (MV) crash injury than metropolitan areas. While alcohol-related injury has declined across the three geographic regions of NYS, disparities persist with rural areas having smaller declines. Our study aim was to examine factors associated with alcohol-related MV crashes in Upstate and Long Island using multi-sourced county-level data that included the Crash Outcome Data Evaluation System (CODES) with emergency department visits and hospitalizations, traffic citations, demographic, economic, transportation, alcohol outlets, and Rural–Urban Continuum Codes (RUCCS). A cross-sectional study design employed zero-truncated negative binominal regression models to assess relative risks (RR) with 95% confidence interval (CI). Counties (n = 57, 56,000 alcohol-related crashes over the 3 year study timeframe) were categorized by mean annual alcohol-related MV injuries per 100,000 population: low (24.7 ± 3.9), medium (33.9 ± 1.7) and high (46.1 ± 8.0) (p < 0.0001). In multivariable analyses, alcohol-related MV injury was elevated for non-adjacent, non-metropolitan counties (RR 2.5, 95% CI: 1.6–3.9) with higher citations for impaired driving showing a small, but significant protective effect. Less metropolitan areas had higher alcohol-related MV injury with inconsistent alcohol-related enforcement measures. In summary, higher alcohol-related MV injury rates in non-metropolitan counties demonstrated a dose–response relationship with proximity to a metropolitan area. These findings suggest areas where intervention efforts might be targeted to lower alcohol-related MV injury.

scholarly journals Urban/rural disparities in cancer incidence in New York State, 2008-2012

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy Conwell ◽  
Francis P Boscoe
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
York City ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
New York State ◽  
Data Set ◽  
York State ◽  
Relative Risks ◽  
Urban Rural

We measured urban/rural disparities in cancer incidence in New York State using a data set with more than 500,000 tumors diagnosed among New York State residents between 2008-2012 geocoded to the census tract level. Using poisson regression, we computed the site and stage-specific relative risks of cancer by level of urbanicity after adjustment for age, sex, socioeconomic status and race/ethnicity. 18 of the 23 cancer sites analyzed showed some form of significant association between cancer incidence and urbanicity, although the risk differences were generally small. Differences in risk of 50% or more were seen for stomach, liver, distant-stage uterine, and thyroid cancers (each higher in New York City than in rural areas); esophagus, distant-stage kidney, and distant-stage lung (each lower in New York City than in rural areas); and distant-stage prostate cancer (higher in rural areas).

scholarly journals The Effect of Snow on Traffic Counts in Western New York State

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
David A. Call
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
New York State ◽  
Passenger Cars ◽  
Traffic Counts ◽  
York State ◽  
The Road ◽  
Traffic Volumes ◽  
Moderate Negative Correlation ◽  
On The Road

Abstract While most people know anecdotally that weather affects traffic, relatively little research has examined the correlation between snow and traffic in great detail. Most studies have also been difficult to generalize for other areas and regions where drivers may be accustomed to more (or less) snow. This study examines the relationship between snow and traffic volumes in western New York State, an area that is regularly inundated by snow (more than 225 cm most seasons). Total daily traffic counts for the New York State Thruway (Interstate 90) showed a moderate negative correlation to snow for the period of study (2003–10). However, this correlation is caused by the large number of passenger cars and other similar vehicles on the road. Most other vehicle types, such as tractor trailers, had no correlation whatsoever. Additionally, the results for all vehicle classes were similar for both suburban and rural areas. Finally, it was observed that the ratio of large to small vehicles increases during snow events.

scholarly journals Urban/rural disparities in cancer incidence in New York State, 2008-2012

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy Conwell ◽  
Francis P Boscoe
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
York City ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
New York State ◽  
Data Set ◽  
York State ◽  
Relative Risks ◽  
Urban Rural

We measured urban/rural disparities in cancer incidence in New York State using a data set with more than 500,000 tumors diagnosed among New York State residents between 2008-2012 geocoded to the census tract level. Using poisson regression, we computed the site and stage-specific relative risks of cancer by level of urbanicity after adjustment for age, sex, socioeconomic status and race/ethnicity. 18 of the 23 cancer sites analyzed showed some form of significant association between cancer incidence and urbanicity, although the risk differences were generally small. Differences in risk of 50% or more were seen for stomach, liver, distant-stage uterine, and thyroid cancers (each higher in New York City than in rural areas); esophagus, distant-stage kidney, and distant-stage lung (each lower in New York City than in rural areas); and distant-stage prostate cancer (higher in rural areas).

scholarly journals Influenza vaccine hesitancy in a low-income community in central New York State

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 2098-2103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manika Suryadevara ◽  
Cynthia A Bonville ◽  
Paula F Rosenbaum ◽  
Joseph B Domachowske
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Influenza Vaccine ◽  
Low Income ◽  
New York State ◽  
Vaccine Hesitancy ◽  
York State ◽  
Central New York

scholarly journals Community-setting pneumonia-associated hospitalizations by level of urbanization—New York City versus other areas of New York State, 2010–2014

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. e0244367
Author(s):  
Melody Wu ◽  
Katherine Whittemore ◽  
Chaorui C. Huang ◽  
Rachel E. Corrado ◽  
Gretchen M. Culp ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
York City ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
New York State ◽  
Community Setting ◽  
Hospital Death ◽  
Principal Diagnosis ◽  
Poverty Level ◽  
York State

Background New York City (NYC) reported a higher pneumonia and influenza death rate than the rest of New York State during 2010–2014. Most NYC pneumonia and influenza deaths are attributed to pneumonia caused by infection acquired in the community, and these deaths typically occur in hospitals. Methods We identified hospitalizations of New York State residents aged ≥20 years discharged from New York State hospitals during 2010–2014 with a principal diagnosis of community-setting pneumonia or a secondary diagnosis of community-setting pneumonia if the principal diagnosis was respiratory failure or sepsis. We examined mean annual age-adjusted community-setting pneumonia-associated hospitalization (CSPAH) rates and proportion of CSPAH with in-hospital death, overall and by sociodemographic group, and produced a multivariable negative binomial model to assess hospitalization rate ratios. Results Compared with non-NYC urban, suburban, and rural areas of New York State, NYC had the highest mean annual age-adjusted CSPAH rate at 475.3 per 100,000 population and the highest percentage of CSPAH with in-hospital death at 13.7%. NYC also had the highest proportion of CSPAH patients residing in higher-poverty-level areas. Adjusting for age, sex, and area-based poverty, NYC residents experienced 1.3 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.2–1.4), non-NYC urban residents 1.4 (95% CI, 1.3–1.6), and suburban residents 1.2 (95% CI, 1.1–1.3) times the rate of CSPAH than rural residents. Conclusions In New York State, NYC as well as other urban areas and suburban areas had higher rates of CSPAH than rural areas. Further research is needed into drivers of CSPAH deaths, which may be associated with poverty.

Rural-Urban Differences in Diagnosed Cervical Artery Dissection in New York State

2022 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Madeleine Dulany Hunter ◽  
Erin R. Kulick ◽  
Eliza Miller ◽  
Joshua Willey ◽  
Amelia K. Boehme ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Small Town ◽  
Negative Binomial ◽  
New York State ◽  
Artery Dissection ◽  
Cervical Artery Dissection ◽  
York State ◽  
The Us ◽  
Cervical Artery

<b><i>Background:</i></b> Cervical artery dissection (CeAD) is a leading cause of stroke in young adults. Incidence estimates may be limited by under- or overdiagnosis. <b><i>Objective:</i></b> We aimed to investigate if CeAD diagnosis would be higher in urban centers compared to rural regions of New York State (NYS). <b><i>Methods:</i></b> For this ecological study, administrative codes were used to identify CeAD discharges in the NYS Statewide Planning and Research Cooperative System (SPARCS) from 2009 to 2014. Rural Urban Commuting Area (RUCA) codes were taken from the US Department of Agriculture and included the classifications metropolitan, micropolitan, small town, and rural. Negative binomial models were used to calculate effect estimates and 95% confidence limits (e<sup>β</sup>; 95% CL) for the association between RUCA classification and the number of dissections per ZIP code. Models were further adjusted by population. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Population information was obtained from the US Census Bureau on 1,797 NYS ZIP codes (70.7% of NYS ZIP codes), 826 of which had at least 1 CeAD-related discharge from 2009 to 2014. Nonrural ZIP codes were more likely to report more CeAD cases relative to rural areas even after adjusting for population (metropolitan effect = e<sup>β</sup> 5.00; 95% CI: 3.75–6.66; micropolitan effect 3.02; 95% CI: 2.16–4.23; small town effect 2.34; 95% CI: 1.58–3.47). <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> CeAD diagnosis correlates with population density as defined by rural-urban status. Our results could be due to underdiagnosis in rural areas or overdiagnosis with increasing urbanicity.

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