Aristotle & Modern LiberalismCitizens and Statesmen: A Study of Aristotle's Politics. By Mary Nichols Finding the Mean: Theory and Practice in Aristotelian Political Philosophy. By Stephen Salkever The Public and the Private in Aristotle's Political Philosophy. By Judith Swanson

Polity ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 647-655
Author(s):  
Aristide Tessitore

Author(s):  
Yuriy Ruban

The article aims at revealing theoretical and practical perspectives on public administration by exploring/studying the key notions of Hannah Arendt’s political philosophy and by juxtaposing these notions with the ones that describe current practices of public administration. Furthermore, the article estimates/offers the possibilities to converge their meanings for strengthening power as communication, to preserve the public realm as a place for reality, limiting the role of coercion and violence in the societal organization by increasing the influence of the authority in the public realm. The study used a range of logical methods (synthesis, analysis, inductive method, etc.) and such general scholarly approaches as systematic, structural-functional and bibliographic ones. The article examines Hannah Arendt’s political philosophy as a motivation for changes of the existing social orders, as they were defined by Max Weber and constitute the grounding for the common understanding of public administration as a public sphere’s phenomenon. It demonstrates that such changes do not implicate a radical rejection of the common meanings of the notions like power, violence, and authority as they were defined in the “sociology of understanding”. But they open the way to a new development of the public realm/space and public administration respectively by demonstrating the opportunities in situations when freedom border on necessity. A scholarly novelty of the article is an outline (definition) for the new developments in public administration under the influence of changes in democratic political systems as they were foreseen by Hannah Arendt. This research demonstrates the importance of implementing the notion of authority as a special phenomenon of the public realm/space into a theory and practice of public administration and argues for developing new methods and instruments to support it. A practical significance of the article is bound to recent changes in democracy and nation state and the proposed findings of the study can be used in course readings, research, and (political) practice.







2018 ◽  
Vol 934 (4) ◽  
pp. 59-62
Author(s):  
V.I. Salnikov

The question of calculating the limiting values of residuals in geodesic constructions is considered in the case when the limiting value for measurement errors is assumed equal to 3m, ie ∆рred = 3m, where m is the mean square error of the measurement. Larger errors are rejected. At present, the limiting value for the residual is calculated by the formula 3m√n, where n is the number of measurements. The article draws attention to two contradictions between theory and practice arising from the use of this formula. First, the formula is derived from the classical law of the normal Gaussian distribution, and it is applied to the truncated law of the normal distribution. And, secondly, as shown in [1], when ∆рred = 2m, the sums of errors naturally take the value equal to ?pred, after which the number of errors in the sum starts anew. This article establishes its validity for ∆рred = 3m. A table of comparative values of the tolerances valid and recommended for more stringent ones is given. The article gives a graph of applied and recommended tolerances for ∆рred = 3m.



Author(s):  
Anna Lewandowska ◽  
Grzegorz Rudzki ◽  
Tomasz Lewandowski ◽  
Sławomir Rudzki

(1) Background: As the literature analysis shows, cancer patients experience a variety of different needs. Each patient reacts differently to the hardships of the illness. Assessment of needs allows providing more effective support, relevant to every person’s individual experience, and is necessary for setting priorities for resource allocation, for planning and conducting holistic care, i.e., care designed to improve a patient’s quality of life in a significant way. (2) Patients and Methods: A population survey was conducted between 2018 and 2020. Cancer patients, as well as their caregivers, received an invitation to take part in the research, so their problems and needs could be assessed. (3) Results: The study involved 800 patients, 78% women and 22% men. 66% of the subjects were village residents, while 34%—city residents. The mean age of patients was 62 years, SD = 11.8. The patients received proper treatment within the public healthcare. The surveyed group of caregivers was 88% women and 12% men, 36% village residents and 64% city residents. Subjects were averagely 57 years old, SD 7.8. At the time of diagnosis, the subjects most often felt anxiety, despair, depression, feelings of helplessness (46%, 95% CI: 40–48). During illness and treatment, the subjects most often felt fatigued (79%, 95% CI: 70–80). Analysis of needs showed that 93% (95% CI: 89–97) of patients experienced a certain level of need for help in one or more aspects. (4) Conclusions: Patients diagnosed with cancer have a high level of unmet needs, especially in terms of psychological support and medical information. Their caregivers also experience needs and concerns regarding the disease. Caregivers should be made aware of the health consequences of cancer and consider appropriate supportive care for their loved ones.



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