Taming the Corporate Monster: An Aristotelian Approach to Corporate Virtue

2000 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 711-723 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karl Schudt
Keyword(s):  
Resource Management ◽  
Human Activity ◽  
Corporate Ethics ◽  
Efficient Production ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Moral Agents ◽  
Corporate Entity ◽  
Right Relationship ◽  
Ethical Systems ◽  
Production Resource

Abstract:Corporations are often considered as moral agents. Traditional ethical systems are directed toward human beings—how could human rules be expected to apply to corporations? In this paper an alternative system of ethics is proposed, tailored specifically for the corporate entity. I use the method of Aristotle, in which the character traits (virtues) that are conducive to the goal of human activity, happiness, are derived. For corporations, the goal is taken to be the traditional capitalist one of sustainable profit, and corresponding corporate virtues are derived. I argue that corporate virtues such as Efficient Production, Resource Management, Correct Pricing, and Right Relationship will be beneficial to human beings. It is profitable to consider the interests of human beings, because the corporation will avoid a costly war of offense and retaliation. A corporate ethics is developed that protects humans and has motivating force not based on human nature, but rather profit.

Anti-Climacus’ Inverted Dialectic of Divine Grace and Human Activity

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-123
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Li
Keyword(s):  
Human Activity ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Divine Grace ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractThis article will show that the relationship between divine grace and human activity in the Anti-Climacus works should be understood as an inverted dialectic. Although Anti-Climacus communicates the strictness of Christianity and the importance of undertaking the Christian task, I will argue that the Anti-Climacus works are ultimately aimed at deepening the reader’s understanding of grace. By exploring Anti-Climacus’ accounts of human imagination and will in coming to faith and in the task of following Christ, it becomes clear that human activity ultimately reveals human beings’ limitations and their dependence on grace.

scholarly journals Why Can´t We Regard Robots As People?

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-61
Author(s):  
André Schmiljun
Keyword(s):  
Autonomous Robots ◽  
Moral Standing ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Moral Agents ◽  
Artificial Moral Agents ◽  
Reductive Physicalism

With the development of autonomous robots, one day probably capable of speaking, thinking and learning, self-reflecting, sharing emotions, in fact, with the raise of robots becoming artificial moral agents (AMAs) robot scientists like Abney, Veruggio and Petersen are already optimistic that sooner or later we need to call those robots “people” or rather “Artificial People” (AP). The paper rejects this forecast, due to its argument based on three metaphysical conflicting assumptions. Firstly, it is the idea that it is possible to precisely define persons and apply the definition to robots or use it to differentiate human beings from robots. Further, the argument of APs favors a position of non-reductive physicalism (second assumption) and materialism (third assumption), finally producing weird convictions about future robotics. Therefore, I will suggest to follow Christine Korsgaard’s defence of animals as ends in themselves with moral standing. I will show that her argument can be transmitted to robots, too, at least to robots which are capable of pursuing their own good (even if they are not rational). Korsgaard’s interpretation of Kant delivers an option that allows us to leave out complicated metaphysical notions like “person” or “subject” in the debate, without denying robots’ status as agents.

scholarly journals Development and Standardization of Scale to Measure Role of Farm Women towards Natural Resource Management Activities

2020 ◽  
pp. 190-199
Author(s):  
Neha Singh ◽  
Neena Sareen
Keyword(s):  
Resource Management ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Natural Resource Management ◽  
Natural Resource ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Farm Women ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Life On Earth ◽  
Continuous Use

Natural resources are important for human beings to sustain life on earth. However, continuous use of natural resources by the human beings, had affected the earth. There is need to manage our natural resources to improve the sustainability of the natural resources. Women have always come to forward to conserve and protect natural resources because they are the primary users of natural resources traditionally as well as modern. In this paper, A scale has been developed and standardized that can be used to measure the role of farm women towards natural resource management activities. The scale was developed by using the technique of “Scale Product Method” which combines the Thurston’s technique of equal appearing interval scale for selection of the items and Likert’s technique of summated rating for ascertaining the response on the scale. A total of 78 Natural Resource Management (NRM) activities were selected. Based on Scale (median) value and Q value, 72 Natural Resource Management (NRM) was selected to measure the role of farm women towards natural resource management activities. The co-efficient of reliability was calculated by the Rulon’s formula i.e. 0.81 and the content validity was observed thoroughly. The reliability and validity of the scale indicate its consistency and precision of the results. This scale can be used to measure the role of farm women in natural resource management activities.

Receptivity and Creativity in Hermeneutics

2016 ◽  
pp. 225-239
Author(s):  
Chung-ying Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
The Other ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Human Capabilities ◽  
Moral Agents ◽  
The World ◽  
Human Understanding ◽  
Positive Projection ◽  
The One ◽  
Coming To Know

There are two aspects of the hermeneutic: the receptive and the creative. The receptive of the hermeneutic consists in coming to know and acknowledge what has happened, observing what there is as historically effected, foretelling what will happen as a matter of projection of future possibilities, and disclosing / discovering transcendental conditions, fore-structures or horizons of human understanding and interpretation; the creative of the hermeneutic, on the other hand, consists in realizing and demonstrating human sensibilities and human capabilities and needs, conceptualizing what is factual and real based on human cognitive and volitional faculties and experiences, developing values and pursuing regulative ideals of actions, and searching for best possible ways or methods to reach for individual and communal end-goals which will enhance human beings as autonomous entities and moral agents in the world. The receptive is represented by the phenomenological approach to Being and reality whereas the creative is conveyed by an ontology of reflection of human being for self-definition and self-cultivation of human faculties. This amounts to bringing out an existing distinction between ming (what is imparted) and li (the presupposed ground) on the one hand and xing ( human potentiality for being in oneself) and xin (human understanding and interpretation toward action) on the other in the tradition of Confucian metaphysics.Next, I shall focus on Heidegger and Gadamer as taking ontological receptivity (as a matter of fore-structures of Being or Language of human understanding) as the source of meaning of existence and meaningfulness of texts. Th ere are of course creative elements to be identifi ed with forming investigative projects of the Dasein for disclosing truth of the Being, but the main tone is to realize the Being or Language as base structures of our hermeneutic consciousness or hermeneutic space of understanding. Because of spacelimitation, however, I shall leave to another occasion the discussion of the creative formation and positive projection of a transformative cosmological philosophy in the Yijing tradition as represented in my onto-hermeneutics which takes experiences of ≫comprehensive observation≪ (guan) and ≫feeling- refl ection≪ (gan) as two avenues toward human understanding and hermeneutic enterprise of interpretation.

The Sphere of the Human

2019 ◽  
pp. 267-322
Author(s):  
Helmuth Plessner ◽  
J. M. Bernstein
Keyword(s):  
Human Activity ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Psychological Experience ◽  
The World ◽  
Forms Of Life ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
The Way

“Centric positionality” is a form of organism-environment relation exhibited by animal forms of life. Human life is characterized not only by centric but also by excentric positionality—that is, the ability to take a position beyond the boundary of one’s own body. Excentric positionality is manifest in: the inner, psychological experience of human beings; the outer, physical being of their bodies and behavior; and the shared, intersubjective world that includes other human beings and is the basis of culture. In each of these three worlds, there is a duality symptomatic of excentric positionality. Three laws characterize excentric positionality: natural artificiality, or the natural need of humans for artificial supplements; mediated immediacy, or the way that contact with the world in human activity, experience, and expression is both transcendent and immanent, both putting humans directly in touch with things and keeping them at a distance; and the utopian standpoint, according to which humans can always take a critical or “negative” position regarding the contents of their experience or their life.

Moral psychology

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Slote
Keyword(s):  
Free Will ◽  
Virtue Ethics ◽  
Moral Psychology ◽  
Moral Evaluation ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Psychological Issues ◽  
Moral Agents ◽  
Moral Weakness ◽  
Moral Requirements ◽  
Wrong Action

Moral psychology as a discipline is centrally concerned with psychological issues that arise in connection with the moral evaluation of actions. It deals with the psychological presuppositions of valid morality, that is, with assumptions it seems necessary for us to make in order for there to be such a thing as objective or binding moral requirements: for example, if we lack free will or are all incapable of unselfishness, then it is not clear how morality can really apply to human beings. Moral psychology also deals with what one might call the psychological accompaniments of actual right, or wrong, action, for example, with questions about the nature and possibility of moral weakness or self-deception, and with questions about the kinds of motives that ought to motivate moral agents. Moreover, in the approach to ethics known as ‘virtue ethics’ questions about right and wrong action merge with questions about the motives, dispositions, and abilities of moral agents, and moral psychology plays a more central role than it does in other forms of ethical theory.

scholarly journals Model of production resource management for manufacturing enterprise

2020 ◽  
Vol 1661 ◽  
pp. 012178
Author(s):  
V V Kukartsev ◽  
V S Tynchenko ◽  
A I Cherepanov ◽  
N N Dzhioeva ◽  
V E Petrenko
Keyword(s):  
Resource Management ◽  
Manufacturing Enterprise ◽  
Production Resource

Human Resource Management

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Boxall ◽  
John Purcell ◽  
Patrick M. Wright
Keyword(s):  
Resource Management ◽  
Human Resource Management ◽  
Human Resource ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Policy And Practice

Human resource management (HRM), the management of work and people towards desired ends, is a fundamental activity in any organization in which human beings are employed. It is not something whose existence needs to be elaborately justified: HRM is an inevitable consequence of starting and growing an organization. This article focuses on the scope of HRM and its major subfields. For example, Micro HRM (‘MHRM’) covers the subfunctions of HR policy and practice.

The Nature of Human Activity

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 116-128
Author(s):  
Tuğba Sevinç ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Human Activity ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Western Thought ◽  
History Of

In this work I present some of Arendt’s criticisms of Marx and assess whether these criticisms are fair. I claim that Arendt reads Marx erroneously, which results in her failure to grasp certain similarities between Marx and herself, at least on some points. It is important to mention that Arendt’s interest in Marx is part of a wider project she pursues. She believes that Marx’s theory might allow us to establish a link between Bolshevism and the history of Western thought. Marx’s notion of history and progress enables Arendt to support her claim that Marx’s theory involves totalitarian elements. By way of correcting Arendt’s misreading of Marx, my purpose has been to get a better understanding of the theories of Marx and Arendt, as well as to see their incompatible views regarding the nature of human activity and of freedom. Arendt charges Marx of ignoring the most central human activity, that is ‘action’; and of denying human beings a genuine political existence and freedom. Furthermore, according to Arendt, Marx conceives labor as human being’s highest activity and ignores the significance of other two activities, namely work and action. In the last analysis, Marx and Arendt prioritizes distinct human activities as the most central (labor and action, respectively) to human beings; and as a result, they provide us two irreconcilable views of politics, history and freedom.

Water Resource Management Practices of Food Establishments in Siquijor Province

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven J. Sumaylo
Keyword(s):  
Resource Management ◽  
Water Flow ◽  
Water Resource ◽  
Water Resource Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Water Volume ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Efficient System ◽  
Life On Earth ◽  
Descriptive Survey

Water is one of the basic needs of human beings and is imperative for sustaining the quality of life on earth (Brooks, 2006).  However, its unbalanced and unmanaged use makes its scarce. Hence, this study assessed the water resource management practices of the 53 food establishments in Siquijor Province. The study utilized the descriptive survey using a self- made questionnaire which yielded that majority of the respondents are females and are in the age brackets of 18-40 and 41-62. A greater majority of the establishments were in the operation for more than ten years. As to respondents’ water resource management practices, they Often do not let water flow while cleaning or rinsing, check the water supply system for leaks and turn off unnecessary flows, and adjust water flow by the type of cleaning to be undertaken, but they Never install self-closing faucets. However, reading water meter regularly, washing only full loads in the dishwasher, and installing low flush toilets were sometimes done while installing automatic water volume controls, reusing the rinse water from the dishwasher and installing flow regulators on the faucet heads were seldom practiced. The respondents’ sex, age and number of years in operating the business had no significant relationships to their extent of water resource management practices. Thus, it is concluded that better management coupled with effective policy, awareness and efficient system is vital to enhance water resource management.

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