Body Insulation, Heat Regulation, and Adaptation to Cold in Arctic and Tropical Mammals and Birds P. F. Scholander Raymond Hock Vladimir Walters Laurence Irving Fred Johnson

The Auk ◽  
1952 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 98-101
Author(s):  
S. Charles Kendeigh
Keyword(s):  
Adaptation To Cold ◽  
Laurence Irving

PHYSIOLOGICAL MECHANISMS OF ADAPTATION TO COLD

2016 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 5-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.M. Saltykova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Physiological Mechanisms ◽  
Adaptation To Cold ◽  
Mechanisms Of Adaptation

Growth, Development and Innate Capacity for Increase in Aphytis Chrysomphali Mercet and A. Melinus Debach, Parasites of California Red Scale, Aonidiella Aurantii (Mask.), In Relation to Temperature.

1974 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 213 ◽  
Author(s):  
I Abdelrahman
Keyword(s):  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Differential Mortality ◽  
Female Progeny ◽  
Annual Fluctuation ◽  
Adaptation To Cold ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Total Progeny ◽  
Searching Ability ◽  
Pupal Mortality ◽  
Threshold Of Development

A, melinus produced more female progeny and more than twice as many total progeny as A. chrysomphali; it also destroyed almost twice as many hosts through oviposition and mutiliation. A. chrysomphali had a longer post-oviposition period than A. melinus, especially at 30�C. The proportion of single progeny in a host was higher for A, chrysomphali than for A. melinus at all temperatures, and was related to temperature positively in A. chrysomphali and inversely in A. melinus. Large old female A. melinus produced only males at the end of their lives; they did not mate at that stage when offered males, not because they were aged but because they mate only once in their lives. As temperature decreased, female A. melznus ceased producing females earlier, probably because temperature affected either longevity of sperms or the mechanism controlling their release. Differential mortality, temperature, and age of mothers all influenced sex ratio. Pupal mortality was inversely related to temperature within the observed range 20-30�C; in female pupae of A. chrysomphali it was lower than that in either female or male pupae of A. melinus; it was higher in male than female pupae in A. melinus. A. melinus lived longer than A. chrysomphali at all temperatures. Duration of development was longer for A. chrysomphali than for A. melinus at 30�C, but shorter at 20 and 25�C. The threshold of development was 8.5C for A. chrysomphali and 11C for A. melinus. A. chrysomphali had a higher rm at 20 and 25�C than A. melinus, but much lower at 30�C. The highest rate of increase was at > 30�C for A. melinus, and at about 25�C for A. chrysomphali. The rm of the parasites was 3.1-5.0 times that of red scale, depending on parasite species and temperature. A. chrysomphali is smaller than A. melinus, and from the positive relationship between adaptation to cold and speed of development, and the negative relationship between speed of development and size, a negative relationship between size and adaptation to cold within Aphytis spp. may be postulated. A. chrysomphali is more adapted to cold and less to heat than A. melinus. This explains the seasonal and annual fluctuation in their relative abundance in southern Australia. The species would complement each other in controlling red scale; from the data presented here it is possible that Aphytis spp. in Australia may have evolved into more efficient control agents of red scale than elsewhere. Knowledge on the searching ability of Aphytis at different host densities is wanting.

Physiological Adaptation to Cold of Peripheral Nerve in the Leg of the Herring Gull (Larus Argentatus)

1953 ◽  
Vol 172 (3) ◽  
pp. 639-644 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul O. Chatfield ◽  
Charles P. Lyman ◽  
Laurence Irving
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Physiological Adaptation ◽  
Larus Argentatus ◽  
Herring Gull ◽  
Adaptation To Cold

Regulation of RNA Metabolism in Plant Adaptation to Cold

2013 ◽  
pp. 143-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hunseung Kang ◽  
Su Jung Park
Keyword(s):  
Rna Metabolism ◽  
Plant Adaptation ◽  
Adaptation To Cold

scholarly journals Adaptation to Cold Affects the Dimensions of Adrenal Gland Zones in Hibernating and Non-hibernating Animals

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 019-023
Author(s):  
Oleksandr V. Shylo ◽  
◽  
Dmytro G. Lutsenko ◽  
Ihor M. Karibian ◽  
Viktoria V. Lomako ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adrenal Gland ◽  
Adaptation To Cold

Photosynthetic Acclimation and Adaptation to Cold Ecosystems

2020 ◽  
pp. 159-201
Author(s):  
Norman P. A. Hüner ◽  
Alexander G. Ivanov ◽  
Marina Cvetkovska ◽  
Beth Szyszka ◽  
Marc Possmayer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Photosynthetic Acclimation ◽  
Adaptation To Cold

scholarly journals The microbiota–gut–brain interaction in regulating host metabolic adaptation to cold in male Brandt’s voles (Lasiopodomys brandtii)

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 3037-3053 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ting-Bei Bo ◽  
Xue-Ying Zhang ◽  
Jing Wen ◽  
Ke Deng ◽  
Xiao-Wei Qin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Adaptation ◽  
Adaptation To Cold ◽  
Lasiopodomys Brandtii

Dual core and shell temperature regulation during sea acclimatization in Gentoo penguins (Pygoscelis papua)

1994 ◽  
Vol 266 (4) ◽  
pp. R1319-R1326 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Dumonteil ◽  
H. Barre ◽  
J. L. Rouanet ◽  
M. Diarra ◽  
J. Bouvier
Keyword(s):  
Body Temperature ◽  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Thermal Insulation ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Threshold Temperature ◽  
Ambient Temperatures ◽  
Adaptation To Cold ◽  
Marine Life ◽  
Shell Temperature ◽  
Skin Temperatures

Penguins are able to maintain a high and constant body temperature despite a thermally constraining environment. Evidence for progressive adaptation to cold and marine life was sought by comparing body and peripheral skin temperatures, metabolic rate, and thermal insulation in juvenile and adult Gentoo penguins exposed to various ambient temperatures in air (from -30 to +30 degrees C) and water (3-35 degrees C). Juvenile penguins in air showed metabolic and insulative capacities comparable with those displayed by adults. Both had a lower critical temperature (LCT) close to 0 degree C. In both adults and juveniles, the intercept of the metabolic curve with the abscissa at zero metabolic rate was far below body temperature. This was accompanied by a decrease in thermal insulation below LCT, allowing the preservation of a threshold temperature in the shell. However, this shell temperature maintenance was progressively abandoned in immersed penguins as adaptation to marine life developed, probably because of its prohibitive energy cost in water. Thus adaptation to cold air and to cold water does not rely on the same kind of reactions. Both of these strategies fail to follow the classical sequence linking metabolic and insulative reactions in the cold.

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