From the Red Sea to the Indian Ocean and Beyond

2018 ◽  
pp. 49-64
Author(s):  
Sing C. Chew
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Red Sea ◽  
The Indian Ocean

Passage Through the Strait of Bab Al-Mandeb

1978 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 180-193
Author(s):  
Ruth Lapidoth
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Coral Reefs ◽  
Red Sea ◽  
Democratic Republic ◽  
Gulf Of Aden ◽  
Eastern Shore ◽  
The West ◽  
The Indian Ocean ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Yemen Arab Republic

The strait of Bab al-Mandeb, “the gate of tears” or “the gate of the wailing yard”, joins the high seas of the Gulf of Aden and the Indian Ocean to those of the Red Sea. The name is primarily used by geographers to designate the narrowest part of the passage, between Ras Bab al-Mandeb on the Asian shore and Ras Siyan in Africa. At this point it is bordered on the east by the Yemen Arab Republic (Northern Yemen) and the People's Democratic Republic of Yemen (Southern Yemen), and in the west by the Republic of Djibouti (formerly the French Territory of the Afars and Issas). About 14 miles farther north, where the Red Sea (or, for that matter, the strait) is nearly 20 miles wide, lies the coast of Ethiopia (the province of Eritrea). All the riparians claim a territorial sea of 12 miles, and the Yemen Arab Republic, as well as the People's Democratic Republic of Yemen, also claim jurisdiction for certain purposes in an additional zone of 6 miles.On the eastern shore of the strait of Bab al-Mandeb lies the peninsula of Ras Bab al-Mandeb, which is about 6–10 km. wide. It consists of rocky, volcanic plains with several hills of 200–300 m. The coast of Ras Bab al-Mandeb is surrounded by coral reefs of a width of up to 1500 m. The border between North Yemen and South Yemen passes down the middle of Ras Bab al-Mandeb.

scholarly journals The Incidence of Tetrodotoxin and Its Analogs in the Indian Ocean and the Red Sea

Marine Drugs ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isidro José Tamele ◽  
Marisa Silva ◽  
Vitor Vasconcelos
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Red Sea ◽  
Geographical Area ◽  
Human Health Risk ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Detection Techniques ◽  
Ocean Area ◽  
The World ◽  
Puffer Fish ◽  
The Indian Ocean

Tetrodotoxin (TTX) is a potent marine neurotoxin with bacterial origin. To date, around 28 analogs of TTX are known, but only 12 were detected in marine organisms, namely TTX, 11-oxoTTX, 11-deoxyTTX, 11-norTTX-6(R)-ol, 11-norTTX-6(S)-ol, 4-epiTTX, 4,9-anhydroTTX, 5,6,11-trideoxyTTX, 4-CysTTX, 5-deoxyTTX, 5,11-dideoxyTTX, and 6,11-dideoxyTTX. TTX and its derivatives are involved in many cases of seafood poisoning in many parts of the world due to their occurrence in different marine species of human consumption such as fish, gastropods, and bivalves. Currently, this neurotoxin group is not monitored in many parts of the world including in the Indian Ocean area, even with reported outbreaks of seafood poisoning involving puffer fish, which is one of the principal TTX vectors know since Egyptian times. Thus, the main objective of this review was to assess the incidence of TTXs in seafood and associated seafood poisonings in the Indian Ocean and the Red Sea. Most reported data in this geographical area are associated with seafood poisoning caused by different species of puffer fish through the recognition of TTX poisoning symptoms and not by TTX detection techniques. This scenario shows the need of data regarding TTX prevalence, geographical distribution, and its vectors in this area to better assess human health risk and build effective monitoring programs to protect the health of consumers in Indian Ocean area.

Port town and its harbors: sedimentary proxies for landscape and seascape reconstruction of the Greco-Roman site of Berenike Trogodytica on the Red Sea coast of Egypt

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna M. Kotarba-Morley
Keyword(s):  
Indian Ocean ◽  
Red Sea ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Greco Roman ◽  
The Indian Ocean ◽  
Geographical Position ◽  
Red Sea Coast ◽  
Trade And Exchange ◽  
Changing Role ◽  
Sea Coast

Berenike Trog<l>odytica was one of the key harbours on the Red Sea coast during the Ptolemaic and Roman periods and was a major trade and exchange hub connecting the Indian Ocean and the Mediterranean. Berenike’s geographical position was extraordinarily propitious owing partly to its natural harbours, protected against the prevailing northern winds, as well as its location in the vicinity of an ancient viewshed, the large peninsula of Ras Benas. This paper discusses how multifaceted geoarchaeological approaches to the study of ancient ports can contribute to a better understanding of the mechanisms and logistics of maritime trade, as well as fluctuations in its quality and quantity. It also sheds new light on the significance of the effect that local and regional palaeoclimatic, landscape, seascape and environmental changes had on the development and decline of the port, and its changing role within the Red Sea–Indian Ocean maritime network.

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