Anorectal Disorders

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan Fix ◽  
Steven Glerum
Keyword(s):  
Anal Canal ◽  
Foley Catheter ◽  
Functional Constipation ◽  
External Hemorrhoid ◽  
Anorectal Disorders ◽  
Recommended Treatment ◽  
Rome Iii ◽  
Pectinate Line ◽  
High Index Of Suspicion ◽  
Removal Technique

Anorectal disorders can generate considerable patient discomfort and disability. Although mortality due to such complaints is very low, it is important for the clinician to maintain a high index of suspicion for systemic illness caused by an anorectal source. A detailed history and physical examination should be performed, and the need for imaging or procedures should be assessed. This review examines the pathophysiology, stabilization and assessment, diagnosis and treatment, and disposition and outcomes for patients with anorectal disorders. Figures show the important structures of the anal canal; differences in the anatomy of the origin of internal and external hemorrhoid venous supplies; depictions of a typical anodermal linear tear; Foley catheter–assisted rectal foreign body removal technique; and pertinent anatomy related to a prolapsed rectum through the anus; and types and locations of anorectal abscesses and fistulas. Tables list common painful and painless anorectal disorders; key differences in anal canal structures above and below the pectinate line; anal symptoms mistakenly attributed to hemorrhoids; internal hemorrhoidal grading, description, and recommended treatment; Rome III criteria for the diagnosis of constipation; and a summary of anorectal conditions. This review contains 6 highly rendered figures, 6 tables, and 80 references. Keywords: functional constipation; PEG; abdominal radiographs; pediatric constipation

Anorectal Disorders

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan Fix ◽  
Steven Glerum
Keyword(s):  
Anal Canal ◽  
Foley Catheter ◽  
Functional Constipation ◽  
External Hemorrhoid ◽  
Anorectal Disorders ◽  
Recommended Treatment ◽  
Rome Iii ◽  
Pectinate Line ◽  
High Index Of Suspicion ◽  
Removal Technique

Anorectal disorders can generate considerable patient discomfort and disability. Although mortality due to such complaints is very low, it is important for the clinician to maintain a high index of suspicion for systemic illness caused by an anorectal source. A detailed history and physical examination should be performed, and the need for imaging or procedures should be assessed. This review examines the pathophysiology, stabilization and assessment, diagnosis and treatment, and disposition and outcomes for patients with anorectal disorders. Figures show the important structures of the anal canal; differences in the anatomy of the origin of internal and external hemorrhoid venous supplies; depictions of a typical anodermal linear tear; Foley catheter–assisted rectal foreign body removal technique; and pertinent anatomy related to a prolapsed rectum through the anus; and types and locations of anorectal abscesses and fistulas. Tables list common painful and painless anorectal disorders; key differences in anal canal structures above and below the pectinate line; anal symptoms mistakenly attributed to hemorrhoids; internal hemorrhoidal grading, description, and recommended treatment; Rome III criteria for the diagnosis of constipation; and a summary of anorectal conditions. This review contains 6 highly rendered figures, 6 tables, and 80 references. Keywords: functional constipation; PEG; abdominal radiographs; pediatric constipation

scholarly journals Functional gastrointestinal disorders in children: agreement between Rome III and Rome IV diagnoses

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Desiree F. Baaleman ◽  
Carlos A. Velasco-Benítez ◽  
Laura M. Méndez-Guzmán ◽  
Marc A. Benninga ◽  
Miguel Saps
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Criteria ◽  
Functional Dyspepsia ◽  
Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders ◽  
Functional Constipation ◽  
Final Analysis ◽  
Gastrointestinal Disorders ◽  
Rome Iii ◽  
Sample Characteristics ◽  
Irritable Bowel ◽  
Rome Iv

AbstractTo evaluate the agreement between the Rome III and Rome IV criteria in diagnosing pediatric functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs), we conducted a prospective cohort study in a public school in Cali, Colombia. Children and adolescents between 11 and 18 years of age were given the Spanish version of the Questionnaire on Pediatric Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders Rome III version on day 0 and Rome IV version on day 2 (48 h later). The study protocol was completed by 135 children. Thirty-nine (28.9%) children were excluded because of not following the instructions of the questionnaire. The final analysis included data of 96 children (mean 15.2 years old, SD ± 1.7, 54% girls). Less children fulfilled the criteria for an FGID according to Rome IV compared to Rome III (40.6% vs 29.2%, p=0.063) resulting in a minimal agreement between the two criteria in diagnosing an FGID (kappa 0.34, agreement of 70%). The prevalence of functional constipation according to Rome IV was significantly lower compared to Rome III (13.5% vs 31.3%, p<0.001), whereas functional dyspepsia had a higher prevalence according to Rome IV than Rome III (11.5% vs 0%).Conclusion: We found an overall minimal agreement in diagnosing FGIDs according to Rome III and Rome IV criteria. This may be partly explained by the differences in diagnostic criteria. However, limitations with the use of questionnaires to measure prevalence have to be taken into account. What is Known:• The Rome IV criteria replaced the previous Rome III criteria providing updated criteria to diagnose functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs).• Differences found between Rome IV and historic Rome III FGID prevalence may have been affected by changes in prevalence over time or differences in sample characteristics. What is New:• We found a minimal agreement between Rome III and Rome IV FGID diagnosis, especially in the diagnoses of functional constipation, irritable bowel syndrome, and functional dyspepsia.• The minimal agreement may be partly explained by changes in diagnostic criteria, but limitations with the use of questionnaires to measure prevalence have to be taken into account.

scholarly journals Constipation: A common problem in childhood

2005 ◽  
Vol 58 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 357-361
Author(s):  
Svetlana Bukarica ◽  
Smiljana Marinkovic ◽  
Slobodan Grebeldinger ◽  
Dusanka Dobanovacki ◽  
Milanka Tatic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anal Canal ◽  
Bowel Movement ◽  
Digital Rectal Examination ◽  
Functional Constipation ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
First Year ◽  
Intestinal Transit Time ◽  
Anatomy And Physiology ◽  
The Family ◽  
First Year Of Life

Introduction Constipation in children is defined as the infrequent and difficult passage of hard stool, not necessarily associated with infrequent stools. All healthy newborns have their first stool within the first 24 to 48 hours after birth. Intestinal transit time increases with age, therapy decreasing the frequency of stooling. Anatomy and Physiology of Anus and Rectum Acquisition of fecal continence requires: normal internal and external anal sphincters, puborectal muscle as well as intact sensory input from both the rectal vault and anal canal. Etiology and Differential Diagnosis During the first year of life, failure to have bowel movement every other day warrants evaluation. During infancy, constipation is usually due to dietary manipulations, malnutrition or some other functional abnormalities. Anatomic causes are found only in 5% of patients. Diagnosis and Therapy Diagnosis relies on history and physical examination. Digital rectal examination usually reveals a shorter anal canal with decreased sphincter tone. The rectal ampulla is dilated and filled with stool. Anorectal manometry is helpful in differentiating functional constipation from aganglionosis or other neurologic problems. Treatment varies depending on the underlying cause. Bowel retraining, aimed at establishing regular daily bowel movement, is of utmost importance in children. The response to treatment is usually dramatic. Conclusion Constipation in children causes anxiety in the family and successful treatment requires persistent reassurance and repeated reevaluation.

Tu2064 ROME III Functional Constipation (FC) and Irritable Bowel Syndrome - Constipation Predominant (IBS-C) - Truly Distinct Disorders or One Disease Spectrum?

2013 ◽  
Vol 144 (5) ◽  
pp. S-917-S-918 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natasha A. Koloski ◽  
Michael P. Jones ◽  
Melissa Young ◽  
Nicholas J. Talley
Keyword(s):  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Functional Constipation ◽  
Disease Spectrum ◽  
Rome Iii ◽  
Irritable Bowel

scholarly journals Inability of the Rome III Criteria to Distinguish Functional Constipation From Constipation-Subtype Irritable Bowel Syndrome

2010 ◽  
Vol 105 (10) ◽  
pp. 2228-2234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reuben K Wong ◽  
Olafur S Palsson ◽  
Marsha J Turner ◽  
Rona L Levy ◽  
Andrew D Feld ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽  
Functional Constipation ◽  
Rome Iii Criteria ◽  
Rome Iii ◽  
Irritable Bowel

scholarly journals Relationship Among Anal Sphincter Injury, Patulous Anal Canal, and Anal Pressures in Patients With Anorectal Disorders

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 1793-1800.e1 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Prichard ◽  
Doris M. Harvey ◽  
Joel G. Fletcher ◽  
Alan R. Zinsmeister ◽  
Adil E. Bharucha
Keyword(s):  
Anal Canal ◽  
Anal Sphincter ◽  
Sphincter Injury ◽  
Anorectal Disorders ◽  
Anal Sphincter Injury

Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Anal Canal: Utilization and Outcomes of Recommended Treatment in the United States

2008 ◽  
Vol 15 (7) ◽  
pp. 1948-1958 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karl Y. Bilimoria ◽  
David J. Bentrem ◽  
Clifford Y. Ko ◽  
Andrew K. Stewart ◽  
David P. Winchester ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Anal Canal ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
The United States ◽  
Recommended Treatment

M1233 The ROME III Functional Constipation Criteria Miss 80% of Clinical Constipation Cases

2009 ◽  
Vol 136 (5) ◽  
pp. A-378 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olafur S. Palsson ◽  
Marsha J. Turner ◽  
Rona L. Levy ◽  
Andrew D. Feld ◽  
Michael Von Korff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Functional Constipation ◽  
Rome Iii
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document