Ethical Issues in Surgery

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ira J. Kodner ◽  
Mary E. Klingensmith ◽  
Jason D. Keune
Keyword(s):  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Surrogate Decision Making ◽  
Do Not Resuscitate ◽  
Surgical Innovation ◽  
Ethical Problems ◽  
Respect For Autonomy ◽  
Surgical Ethics ◽  
Do Not Resuscitate Orders ◽  
Surrogate Decision

To be a good surgeon, one must be technically good and scientifically sound, but also ethical to the degree that has traditionally been demanded by our profession. In this chapter, the authors discuss what ethical problems in surgery are and how they might be approached. Respect for autonomy, nonmaleficence, beneficence, and justice define Principlism that forms the backbone of most discourse in clinical medical ethics. Consequentialism/utilitarianism, deontology, virtue ethics, “ethics of care”, and casuistry are all covered. The authors then scrutinize several contemporary problems in surgical ethics. Described and discussed in depth are issues associated with the ‘end of life’; surrogate decision making, futility, “do not resuscitate” orders in the operating room, conflicts of interest, industry payments, and surgical innovation, informed consent, and refusal of care. This review is not meant to be an exhaustive treatment of surgical ethics but a survey highlighting the most common ethical problems. This review contains 2 figures, 3 tables, and 61 references.

Ethical Issues in Surgery

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ira J. Kodner ◽  
Mary E. Klingensmith ◽  
Jason D. Keune
Keyword(s):  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Surrogate Decision Making ◽  
Do Not Resuscitate ◽  
Surgical Innovation ◽  
Ethical Problems ◽  
Respect For Autonomy ◽  
Surgical Ethics ◽  
Do Not Resuscitate Orders ◽  
Surrogate Decision

To be a good surgeon, one must be technically good and scientifically sound, but also ethical to the degree that has traditionally been demanded by our profession. In this chapter, the authors discuss what ethical problems in surgery are and how they might be approached. Respect for autonomy, nonmaleficence, beneficence, and justice define Principlism that forms the backbone of most discourse in clinical medical ethics. Consequentialism/utilitarianism, deontology, virtue ethics, “ethics of care”, and casuistry are all covered. The authors then scrutinize several contemporary problems in surgical ethics. Described and discussed in depth are issues associated with the ‘end of life’; surrogate decision making, futility, “do not resuscitate” orders in the operating room, conflicts of interest, industry payments, and surgical innovation, informed consent, and refusal of care. This review is not meant to be an exhaustive treatment of surgical ethics but a survey highlighting the most common ethical problems. This review contains 2 figures, 3 tables, and 61 references.

Ethical Issues in Surgery

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ira J. Kodner ◽  
Mary E. Klingensmith ◽  
Jason D. Keune
Keyword(s):  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Surrogate Decision Making ◽  
Do Not Resuscitate ◽  
Surgical Innovation ◽  
Ethical Problems ◽  
Respect For Autonomy ◽  
Surgical Ethics ◽  
Do Not Resuscitate Orders ◽  
Surrogate Decision

To be a good surgeon, one must be technically good and scientifically sound, but also ethical to the degree that has traditionally been demanded by our profession. In this chapter, the authors discuss what ethical problems in surgery are and how they might be approached. Respect for autonomy, nonmaleficence, beneficence, and justice define Principlism that forms the backbone of most discourse in clinical medical ethics. Consequentialism/utilitarianism, deontology, virtue ethics, “ethics of care”, and casuistry are all covered. The authors then scrutinize several contemporary problems in surgical ethics. Described and discussed in depth are issues associated with the ‘end of life’; surrogate decision making, futility, “do not resuscitate” orders in the operating room, conflicts of interest, industry payments, and surgical innovation, informed consent, and refusal of care. This review is not meant to be an exhaustive treatment of surgical ethics but a survey highlighting the most common ethical problems. This review contains 2 figures, 3 tables, and 61 references.

Ethics

Oncology ◽  
2017 ◽  
pp. 728-738
Author(s):  
Natalia S. Ivascu ◽  
Sheida Tabaie ◽  
Ellen C. Meltzer
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Critical Care ◽  
Informed Consent ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Surrogate Decision Making ◽  
Ethical Problems ◽  
Decision Making Capacity ◽  
Surgical Critical Care ◽  
Surrogate Decision ◽  
Special Circumstances

In all areas of medicine physicians are confronted with a myriad ethical problems. It is important that intensivists are well versed on ethical issues that commonly arise in the critical care setting. This chapter will serve to provide a review of common topics, including informed consent, decision-making capacity, and surrogate decision-making. It will also highlight special circumstances related to cardiac surgical critical care, including ethical concerns associated with emerging technologies in cardiac care.

Ethics

2017 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Natalia S. Ivascu ◽  
Sheida Tabaie ◽  
Ellen C. Meltzer
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Critical Care ◽  
Informed Consent ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Surrogate Decision Making ◽  
Ethical Problems ◽  
Decision Making Capacity ◽  
Surgical Critical Care ◽  
Surrogate Decision ◽  
Special Circumstances

In all areas of medicine physicians are confronted with a myriad ethical problems. It is important that intensivists are well versed on ethical issues that commonly arise in the critical care setting. This chapter will serve to provide a review of common topics, including informed consent, decision-making capacity, and surrogate decision-making. It will also highlight special circumstances related to cardiac surgical critical care, including ethical concerns associated with emerging technologies in cardiac care.

Ethics

2015 ◽  
pp. 124-134
Author(s):  
Natalia S. Ivascu ◽  
Sheida Tabaie ◽  
Ellen C. Meltzer
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Critical Care ◽  
Informed Consent ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Surrogate Decision Making ◽  
Ethical Problems ◽  
Decision Making Capacity ◽  
Surgical Critical Care ◽  
Surrogate Decision ◽  
Special Circumstances

In all areas of medicine physicians are confronted with a myriad ethical problems. It is important that intensivists are well versed on ethical issues that commonly arise in the critical care setting. This chapter will serve to provide a review of common topics, including informed consent, decision-making capacity, and surrogate decision-making. It will also highlight special circumstances related to cardiac surgical critical care, including ethical concerns associated with emerging technologies in cardiac care.

Ethics in Couple and Family Psychotherapy

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcel Schaer ◽  
Célia Steinlin
Keyword(s):  
Family Therapy ◽  
Couple Therapy ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Medical Model ◽  
Professional Associations ◽  
Ethical Guidelines ◽  
Couple And Family Therapy ◽  
Ethical Problems ◽  
The Enlightenment

In couple and family therapy, the focus is on relationships, interactions, and the dynamics within the system. The therapist should strive to maintain a balanced and trustful relationship with all members of the system, and at the same time do justice to their individual wishes and perspectives. Couples and families usually present themselves with conflicts of interest that they have failed to resolve. Dealing with conflicts of interest is therefore an important element of couple and family therapy. The existing ethical guidelines, defined by psychological professional associations and medical ethics experts, are not specific enough at representing the complexities which family and couple therapists are confronted with. As an alternative to the ethical guidelines, Beauchamp and Childress (2008) have worked out general ethical principles: respect for autonomy, nonmaleficence, beneficence, and justice. In this chapter, a number of ethical problems in couple and family therapy are discussed against the backdrop of these principles. Problems in family and couple therapy can be addressed based on the question who of the system members carries more blame and who can execute more control. Four models of help, i.e., the medical model, the compensatory model, the enlightenment model, and the moral model, are presented with regard to this question. Finally, it is argued that ethical issues in couple and family therapy are relational and context-dependent. They must therefore be resolved in the encounter with each other.

Ethical Problems in Cartography: A Roundtable Commentary

1990 ◽  
pp. 3-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick McHaffie ◽  
Sona Karentz Andrews ◽  
Michael Dobson ◽  
Anonymous Anonymous
Keyword(s):  
Quality Assurance ◽  
Product Quality ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Copyright Law ◽  
Ethical Conduct ◽  
Ethical Problems ◽  
Ethical Discourse

The problem of defining and actualizing standards of ethical conduct troubles many professions, including cartography. In an attempt to formalize the ethical discourse in cartography the editors of Cartographic Perspectives invited five contributors to discuss what they perceive as important ethical problems in the discipline. The contributors were selected from the three major sectors of the cartographic enterprise: commercial mapping organizations, government mapping agencies, and university geography departments offering cartography programs. The contributors identify personal and institutional vigilance in product quality assurance, map plagiarism through violation of copyright law, and conflicts of interest as important ethical issues. The commentary concludes by questioning the nature and validity of cartography's claim to truth ("accuracy"), and asserts that cartographic ethics cannot be extricated from the values of the larger society which commissions the production of cartographic information.

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