Dietary Inflammatory and Insulinemic Potential and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes: Results from Three Prospective U.S. Cohort Studies

10.2337/figshare.12739601 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Dong Hoon Lee ◽

Jun Li ◽

Yanping Li ◽

Gang Liu ◽

Kana Wu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Repeated Measures ◽

Hazard Ratio ◽

Diabetes Risk ◽

Health Study ◽

Diabetes Incidence ◽

Incident Type ◽

Increased Risk

Objective: To examine whether proinflammatory and hyperinsulinemic diets are associated with increased risk of type 2 diabetes. Research Design and Methods: We prospectively followed 74,767 women from the Nurses’ Health Study (1984-2016), 90,786 women from the Nurses’ Health Study 2 (1989-2017), and 39,442 men from the Health Professionals Follow-up Study (1986-2016). Using repeated measures of food frequency questionnaires, we calculated empirical dietary inflammatory pattern (EDIP) and empirical dietary index for hyperinsulinemia (EDIH) scores which are food-based indices that characterize dietary inflammatory or insulinemic potential based on circulating biomarkers of inflammation or C-peptide. Diagnoses of type 2 diabetes were confirmed by validated supplementary questionnaires. Results: We documented 19,666 incident type 2 diabetes cases over 4.9 million person-years of follow-up. In the pooled multivariable-adjusted analyses, individuals in the highest EDIP or EDIH quintile had 3.11 times (95% CI, 2.96-3.27) and 3.40 times (95% CI, 3.23-3.58) higher type 2 diabetes risk, respectively, compared to those in the lowest quintile. Additional adjustment for body mass index (BMI) attenuated the associations (Hazard ratio, 1.95; 95% CI, 1.85-2.05 for EDIP; Hazard ratio, 1.87; 95% CI, 1.78-1.98 for EDIH), suggesting adiposity partly mediates the observed associations. Moreover, individuals in both highest EDIP and EDIH quintiles had 2.34 times higher type 2 diabetes risk (95% CI, 2.17-2.52), compared to those in both lowest quintiles, after adjustment for BMI. Conclusions: <a>H</a>igher dietary inflammatory and insulinemic potential were associated with an increased type 2 diabetes incidence. Findings suggest that inflammation and hyperinsulinemia are potential mechanisms linking dietary patterns and type 2 diabetes development.

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Abstract MP037: Plasma Organochlorine Concentration and Risk of Diabetes: the Nurses' Health Study

Circulation ◽

10.1161/circ.125.suppl_10.amp037 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 125 (suppl_10) ◽

Author(s):

Hongyu Wu ◽

Kimberly A Bertrand ◽

Anna L Choi ◽

Frank B Hu ◽

Francine Laden ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Polychlorinated Biphenyl ◽

Plasma Concentrations ◽

Diabetes Risk ◽

Health Study ◽

Blood Draw ◽

Incident Type ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Incident Type 2 Diabetes

Background: Animal experiments have suggested that exposure to persistent organic pollutants (POPs) may lead to increased risk of type 2 diabetes. Although recent human studies supported this hypothesis, evidence from prospective investigations is sparse. Objective: To examine the associations of plasma POP concentrations with risk of incident type 2 diabetes in a prospective setting among US women. Methods: Study population was comprised of participants from two independent nested case-control studies in the Nurses’ Health Study, in which major polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB 118, 138, 153, and 180), p-p'- dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE), dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), and hexachlorobenzene (HCB) were measured. A non-parametric approach was used to derive standardized scores for plasma concentrations of lipid-adjusted POPs within each study to minimize between-study variation of the POP measurements. Risk of incident type 2 diabetes during the follow-up period (1990-2008) across the tertiles of the scores was examined. Results: Of 1,120 participants, we identified 48 incident type 2 diabetes cases. After adjusting for covariates assessed at blood draw in 1990, including smoking status, body mass index, and total fish intake, plasma HCB concentration was positively associated with type 2 diabetes risk: odds ratio (OR) (95% confidence interval [CI]) was 2.77 (1.17, 6.55, P for trend =0.022) comparing the highest vs. lowest tertile. Other POPs were not significantly associated with diabetes: the ORs (95% CI) were 1.10 (0.51, 2.34, P for trend =0.81) for p-p'-DDE, 0.93 (0.44, 1.95, P for trend =0.86) for DDT, and 0.88 (0.39, 1.97, P for trend =0.76) for sum of the 4 major PCBs, comparing the extreme tertiles. Conclusion: The significant association of plasma HCB concentration with diabetes risk supports a role of POP exposure in the etiology of type 2 diabetes. More prospective data are warranted to confirm these findings.

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Erythrocyte n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids, gut microbiota and incident type 2 diabetes: a prospective cohort study

10.2337/figshare.12624821 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Zelei Miao ◽

Jie-sheng Lin ◽

Yingying Mao ◽

Geng-dong Chen ◽

Fang-fang Zeng ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Gut Microbiota ◽

Health Study ◽

Diabetes Incidence ◽

Incident Type ◽

Β Diversity ◽

Α Diversity ◽

Incident Type 2 Diabetes

OBJECTIVE To examine the association of erythrocyte n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) biomarkers with incident type 2 diabetes and explore the potential role of gut microbiota in the association. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We evaluated 2,731 participants without type 2 diabetes recruited between 2008-2013 in the Guangzhou Nutrition and Health Study, China. Type 2 diabetes cases were identified with clinical and biochemical information collected at follow-up visits. Using stool samples collected during the follow-up in the subset (n=1,591), 16S rRNA profiling was conducted. Using multivariable-adjusted Poisson or linear regression, we examined associations of erythrocyte n-6 PUFA biomarkers with incident type 2 diabetes, and diversity and composition of gut microbiota. RESULTS Over 6.2 years of follow-up, 276 type 2 diabetes cases were identified (risk=0.10). Higher levels of erythrocyte <a>γ-linolenic acid</a> (GLA), but not linoleic or arachidonic acid, were associated with higher type 2 diabetes incidence. Comparing the top to the bottom quartile groups of GLA levels, relative risk was 1.72 (95% confidence intervals: 1.21, 2.44) adjusted for potential confounders. Baseline GLA was inversely associated with gut microbial richness and diversity (α-diversity, both p<0.05) during follow-up, and significantly associated with microbiota β-diversity (p=0.002). α-diversity acted as a potential mediator in the association between GLA and type 2 diabetes (p<0.05). Seven genera (Butyrivibrio, Blautia, Oscillospira, Odoribacter, S24-7 other, Rikenellaceae other, and Clostridiales other) were enriched in quartile 1 of GLA, and in participants without type 2 diabetes. CONCLUSIONS Relative concentrations of erythrocyte GLA were positively associated with incident type 2 diabetes in a Chinese population and also with gut microbial profiles. These results highlight that gut microbiota may play an important role linking n-6 PUFA metabolism and type 2 diabetes etiology.

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Erythrocyte n-6 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids, Gut Microbiota and Incident Type 2 Diabetes: A Prospective Cohort Study

Current Developments in Nutrition ◽

10.1093/cdn/nzaa061_080 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽

pp. 1452-1452

Author(s):

Ze-Lei Miao ◽

Ju-Sheng Zheng ◽

Yu-Ming Chen

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Gut Microbiota ◽

Health Study ◽

Incident Type ◽

Α Diversity ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Incident Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Prospective Association

Abstract Objectives To examine the prospective association of erythrocyte n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) biomarkers with incident type 2 diabetes (T2D), and the potential role of gut microbiota. Methods 2731 non-T2D participants recruited between 2008–2013 in the Guangzhou Nutrition and Health Study were included in the present study. 276 incident T2D was ascertained after a median follow-up of 6.2 years, and 16S rRNA profiling was conducted using stool samples collected during follow-up. We examined the prospective association of erythrocyte n-6 PUFA biomarkers with incident T2D, and with diversity and composition of gut microbiota. Results Higher levels of erythrocyte γ-linolenic acid (GLA) were associated with higher T2D risk, with relative risk (quartile 4 versus 1) 1.72 (95% confidence intervals: 1.21, 2.44), adjusting for potential confounders. No association with T2D was found for erythrocyte linoleic acid or arachidonic acid. Baseline GLA was inversely associated with gut microbial richness and diversity (α-diversity, both P < 0.05) during follow-up, and significantly associated with microbiota β-diversity (P = 0.002). Seven genera (Butyrivibrio, Blautia, Oscillospira, Odoribacter, S24–7 other, Rikenellaceae other, and Clostridiales other) were enriched in quartile 1 of GLA, and in participants without T2D. Conclusions The present study suggests that erythrocyte GLA biomarker is positively associated with incident T2D in a Chinese population. High GLA status is associated with unfavorable gut microbial profiles, which may contribute to the increased risk of T2D. These results highlight that gut microbiota may play an important role linking n-6 PUFA metabolism and T2D etiology. Funding Sources This study was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, Westlake University and the 5010 Program for Clinical Researches of the Sun Yat-sen University.

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Erythrocyte n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids, gut microbiota and incident type 2 diabetes: a prospective cohort study

10.2337/figshare.12624821.v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Zelei Miao ◽

Jie-sheng Lin ◽

Yingying Mao ◽

Geng-dong Chen ◽

Fang-fang Zeng ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Gut Microbiota ◽

Health Study ◽

Diabetes Incidence ◽

Incident Type ◽

Β Diversity ◽

Α Diversity ◽

Incident Type 2 Diabetes

OBJECTIVE To examine the association of erythrocyte n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) biomarkers with incident type 2 diabetes and explore the potential role of gut microbiota in the association. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We evaluated 2,731 participants without type 2 diabetes recruited between 2008-2013 in the Guangzhou Nutrition and Health Study, China. Type 2 diabetes cases were identified with clinical and biochemical information collected at follow-up visits. Using stool samples collected during the follow-up in the subset (n=1,591), 16S rRNA profiling was conducted. Using multivariable-adjusted Poisson or linear regression, we examined associations of erythrocyte n-6 PUFA biomarkers with incident type 2 diabetes, and diversity and composition of gut microbiota. RESULTS Over 6.2 years of follow-up, 276 type 2 diabetes cases were identified (risk=0.10). Higher levels of erythrocyte <a>γ-linolenic acid</a> (GLA), but not linoleic or arachidonic acid, were associated with higher type 2 diabetes incidence. Comparing the top to the bottom quartile groups of GLA levels, relative risk was 1.72 (95% confidence intervals: 1.21, 2.44) adjusted for potential confounders. Baseline GLA was inversely associated with gut microbial richness and diversity (α-diversity, both p<0.05) during follow-up, and significantly associated with microbiota β-diversity (p=0.002). α-diversity acted as a potential mediator in the association between GLA and type 2 diabetes (p<0.05). Seven genera (Butyrivibrio, Blautia, Oscillospira, Odoribacter, S24-7 other, Rikenellaceae other, and Clostridiales other) were enriched in quartile 1 of GLA, and in participants without type 2 diabetes. CONCLUSIONS Relative concentrations of erythrocyte GLA were positively associated with incident type 2 diabetes in a Chinese population and also with gut microbial profiles. These results highlight that gut microbiota may play an important role linking n-6 PUFA metabolism and type 2 diabetes etiology.

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A high-fat, high-glycaemic index, low-fibre dietary pattern is prospectively associated with type 2 diabetes in a British birth cohort

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s0007114516000672 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 115 (9) ◽

pp. 1632-1642 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Silvia Pastorino ◽

Marcus Richards ◽

Mary Pierce ◽

Gina L. Ambrosini

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Waist Circumference ◽

Dietary Pattern ◽

Repeated Measures ◽

Glycaemic Index ◽

Diabetes Risk ◽

Processed Meat ◽

Diabetes Incidence ◽

High Fat

AbstractThe combined association of dietary fat, glycaemic index (GI) and fibre with type 2 diabetes has rarely been investigated. The objective was to examine the relationship between a high-fat, high-GI, low-fibre dietary pattern across adult life and type 2 diabetes risk using reduced rank regression. Data were from the MRC National Survey of Health and Development. Repeated measures of dietary intake estimated using 5-d diet diaries were available at the age of 36, 43 and 53 years for 1180 study members. Associations between dietary pattern scores at each age, as well as longitudinal changes in dietary pattern z-scores, and type 2 diabetes incidence (n 106) from 53 to 60–64 years were analysed. The high-fat, high-GI, low-fibre dietary pattern was characterised by low intakes of fruit, vegetables, low-fat dairy products and whole-grain cereals, and high intakes of white bread, fried potatoes, processed meat and animal fats. There was an increasing trend in OR for type 2 diabetes with increasing quintile of dietary pattern z-scores at the age of 43 years among women but not among men. Women in the highest z-score quintile at the age of 43 years had an OR for type 2 diabetes of 5·45 (95 % CI 2·01, 14·79). Long-term increases in this dietary pattern, independently of BMI and waist circumference, were also detrimental among women: for each 1 sd unit increase in dietary pattern z-score between 36 and 53 years, the OR for type 2 diabetes was 1·67 (95 % CI 1·20, 2·43) independently of changes in BMI and waist circumference in the same periods. A high-fat, high-GI, low-fibre dietary pattern was associated with increased type 2 diabetes risk in middle-aged British women but not in men.

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Circulating metabolites and the risk of type 2 diabetes: a prospective study of 11,896 young adults from four Finnish cohorts

Diabetologia ◽

10.1007/s00125-019-05001-w ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 62 (12) ◽

pp. 2298-2309 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Ari V. Ahola-Olli ◽

Linda Mustelin ◽

Maria Kalimeri ◽

Johannes Kettunen ◽

Jari Jokelainen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Young Adults ◽

Fasting Glucose ◽

Diabetes Risk ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Metabolic Biomarkers ◽

Incident Cases ◽

Future Diabetes

Abstract Aims/hypothesis Metabolomics technologies have identified numerous blood biomarkers for type 2 diabetes risk in case−control studies of middle-aged and older individuals. We aimed to validate existing and identify novel metabolic biomarkers predictive of future diabetes in large cohorts of young adults. Methods NMR metabolomics was used to quantify 229 circulating metabolic measures in 11,896 individuals from four Finnish observational cohorts (baseline age 24–45 years). Associations between baseline metabolites and risk of developing diabetes during 8–15 years of follow-up (392 incident cases) were adjusted for sex, age, BMI and fasting glucose. Prospective metabolite associations were also tested with fasting glucose, 2 h glucose and HOMA-IR at follow-up. Results Out of 229 metabolic measures, 113 were associated with incident type 2 diabetes in meta-analysis of the four cohorts (ORs per 1 SD: 0.59–1.50; p< 0.0009). Among the strongest biomarkers of diabetes risk were branched-chain and aromatic amino acids (OR 1.31–1.33) and triacylglycerol within VLDL particles (OR 1.33–1.50), as well as linoleic n-6 fatty acid (OR 0.75) and non-esterified cholesterol in large HDL particles (OR 0.59). The metabolic biomarkers were more strongly associated with deterioration in post-load glucose and insulin resistance than with future fasting hyperglycaemia. A multi-metabolite score comprised of phenylalanine, non-esterified cholesterol in large HDL and the ratio of cholesteryl ester to total lipid in large VLDL was associated with future diabetes risk (OR 10.1 comparing individuals in upper vs lower fifth of the multi-metabolite score) in one of the cohorts (mean age 31 years). Conclusions/interpretation Metabolic biomarkers across multiple molecular pathways are already predictive of the long-term risk of diabetes in young adults. Comprehensive metabolic profiling may help to target preventive interventions for young asymptomatic individuals at increased risk.

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Variability in estimated glomerular filtration rate and the incidence of type 2 diabetes: a nationwide population-based study

BMJ Open Diabetes Research & Care ◽

10.1136/bmjdrc-2020-001187 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. e001187

Author(s):

You-Bin Lee ◽

Da Hye Kim ◽

Eun Roh ◽

So-Hyeon Hong ◽

Jung A Kim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽

Glomerular Filtration ◽

Filtration Rate ◽

Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽

Diabetes Risk ◽

Incident Type ◽

Incident Type 2 Diabetes

ObjectiveVariability in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) has been associated with adverse outcomes in patients with diabetes or chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, no previous study has explored the relationship between eGFR variability and type 2 diabetes incidence.Research design and methodsIn this nationwide, longitudinal, cohort study, we investigated the association between eGFR variability and type 2 diabetes risk using the Korean National Health Insurance Service datasets from 2002 to 2017. eGFR variability was calculated using the variability independent of the mean (eGFR-VIM), coefficient of variation (eGFR-CV), standard deviation (eGFR-SD) and average real variability (eGFR-ARV).ResultsWithin 7 673 905.58 person-years of follow-up (mean follow-up: 3.19 years; n=2 402 668), 11 981 cases of incident type 2 diabetes were reported. The HRs and 95% CIs for incident type 2 diabetes increased according to advance in quartiles of eGFR-VIM (HR (95% CI): Q2, 1.068 (1.009 to 1.130); Q3, 1.077 (1.018 to 1.138); Q4, 1.203 (1.139 to 1.270)) even after adjusting for confounding factors including mean eGFR and mean fasting plasma glucose levels. The subgroup analyses according to risk factors as well as analyses using eGFR-CV, eGFR-SD and eGFR-ARV showed consistent results. The association between increased eGFR variability and type 2 diabetes risk was more prominent in men, individuals with dyslipidemia and those with CKD as shown in the subgroup analysis (p for interaction <0.001).ConclusionsIncreased eGFR variability may be an independent predictor of type 2 diabetes and might be useful for risk stratification of individuals without diabetes.

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Multiple sleep dimensions and type 2 diabetes risk among women in the Sister Study: differences by race/ethnicity

BMJ Open Diabetes Research & Care ◽

10.1136/bmjdrc-2019-000652 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. e000652 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ketrell L McWhorter ◽

Yong-Moon Park ◽

Symielle A Gaston ◽

Kacey B Fang ◽

Dale P Sandler ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Ethnic Minorities ◽

Sleep Latency ◽

Diabetes Risk ◽

Poor Sleep ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Race Ethnicity ◽

Racial Ethnic

ObjectivePoor sleep has been associated with type 2 diabetes. Since racial/ethnic minorities experience a disproportionately high prevalence of poor sleep and type 2 diabetes, we sought to determine the relationships between multiple sleep dimensions and incident type 2 diabetes and to investigate if these relationships vary by race/ethnicity.Research design and methodsProspective data were analyzed from the Sister Study, which enrolled 50 884 women from 2003 to 2009. Participants self-reported sleep duration, sleep latency, night awakenings, and napping at baseline, and a physician’s diagnosis of type 2 diabetes at follow-up. Multivariable-adjusted HRs and 95% CIs were estimated using Cox proportional hazards models.ResultsAmong the 39 071 eligible participants, 87% self-identified as white, 8% black and 5% Hispanic/Latina. The mean follow-up period was 8.5±2.1 years and 1785 type 2 diabetes cases were reported. The incidence rate per 1000 person-years was 5.4 for whites, 13.3 for blacks and 11.6 for Hispanics/Latinas. There was a positive but non-significant increased risk of type 2 diabetes among women who reported short sleep, latency >30 min and frequent night awakenings. In fully-adjusted models, frequent napping was associated with a 19% (HR 1.19, 95% CI 1.04 to 1.37) higher type 2 diabetes risk in the overall sample. Poor sleep among racial/ethnic minorities ranged from a 1.4-fold to a 3.2-fold higher type 2 diabetes risk than whites with recommended sleep.ConclusionsFrequent napping was associated with higher type 2 diabetes risk. Racial/ethnic minorities with poor sleep had a higher type 2 diabetes risk than whites with recommended sleep.

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Abstract 17285: Frequent Consumption of Meals Prepared at Home and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes Among American Men and Women

Circulation ◽

10.1161/circ.132.suppl_3.17285 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 132 (suppl_3) ◽

Author(s):

Geng Zong ◽

David M Eisenberg ◽

Frank B Hu ◽

Qi Sun

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Weight Gain ◽

Lower Risk ◽

Fruits And Vegetables ◽

Hazard Ratio ◽

Health Study ◽

Sugar Sweetened Beverage ◽

At Home

Introduction: The frequency of eating meals prepared at home (MPAH) decreased among Americans over the last 50 years. Eating out has been associated with poor diet quality and weight gain in adolescents and adult. Few studies have examined MPAH frequency in relation to diabetes risk. Hypothesis: Having MPAH is associated with lower risk of Type 2 Diabetes (T2D). Methods: We followed 57,994 women in the Nurses’ Health Study and 41,679 men in the Health Professionals Follow-up Study from 1986 to 2012. Participants were free of diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer at baseline. Weekly frequencies of consuming MPAH were collected at baseline, and summed up as overall MPAH. Results: Participants with more MPAH had higher intake of whole grains, total and low-fat dairy products, fruits, and vegetables, and lower sugar sweetened beverage (SSB) at baseline. However, MPAH turned to be associated with more red meat and low coffee intakes. MPAH was moderately associated with less weight gain during follow-up. Compared to those with 0-6 overall MPAH/week, women with 11-14 MPAH/week had 0.45±0.08kg less weight gain over 8 years, whereas men had 0.41±0.07 kg less weight gain (P<0.001) for the same comparison. During 2.3 million person-years of follow-up, 8959 T2D cases were identified and confirmed in both cohorts. After multivariate adjustment of demographic and lifestyle factors, pooled hazard ratio (95% confidence interval) of T2D were 0.96 (0.90, 1.01), 0.96 (0.87, 1.06), 0.88 (0.83, 0.94) for participants who had 7-8, 9-10, and 11-14 MPAH/week (P for trend<0.001), comparing with those eating 0-6 MPAH/week. Each additional MPAH for lunch was associated with 2% lower risk of T2D, whereas the corresponding value was 4% for dinner (P<0.001 for both). These findings were attenuated when BMI or SSB were further adjusted: the hazard ratio comparing participants with 11-14 MPAH/week to those with 0-6 MPAH/week were 0.95 (0.90, 1.01; P for trend=0.13) with adjusting of BMI, and 0.94 (0.89, 1.00; P for trend=0.09) with adjustment of SSB. Conclusions: These findings suggest that eating more MPAH is associated with a lower risk of T2D overtime, and this relationship may be partly ascribed to less weight gain and lower SSB intake by those who prepare their own meals at home more often.

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