Perceptibility and Acceptability of Surface Gloss Variation Under Different Illuminants

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
RS Rocha ◽  
VG de Carvalho ◽  
MNC Galvão ◽  
MY de Souza ◽  
TMF Caneppele ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Composite Resin ◽  
Probit Model ◽  
Composite Resins ◽  
Human Tooth ◽  
Fluorescent Light ◽  
Probit Regression ◽  
Natural Teeth ◽  
Acceptability Judgments ◽  
Surface Gloss ◽  
Limiting Values

Clinical Relevance The influence of different illuminants on the perception and acceptance of surface gloss variation in composite resins remains unclear but is important if restorations are to mimic natural teeth. SUMMARY Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of different illuminants on the perceptibility and acceptability of surface gloss variations and to determine limiting values. Methods: Eight composite resin specimens and one human tooth specimen were polished to obtain composite resin specimens with different gloss units (GU) of 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, and 80 and a human tooth specimen of 80 GU. Sixty observers compared the surface gloss of the specimens in a light booth. For perceptibility testing, the specimens were randomly positioned two at a time. The acceptability of the gloss variation was determined by comparing the composite resin specimens with the tooth specimen. The observers answered specific questions to determine the level and perceptibility and acceptability limits of gloss variations. All analysis was done with two illuminants (D65 and fluorescent light) used randomly. Data were submitted to a nonlinear probit model and nonlinear probit regression estimation (α=0.05). Results: Significant differences in illuminants were observed for perceptibility (p<0.001) and acceptability (p=0.045). The perceptibility limit for D65 was 7.0 GU and 6.8 GU for fluorescent illuminant. The acceptability limit for D65 was 34.2 GU and 37.1 GU for fluorescent illuminant. Conclusions: More accurate perceptibility and acceptability judgments of the surface gloss of composite resin were made when the specimens were illuminated with D65 light.

scholarly journals Effect of thermal cycling and filling technique on leakage of composite resin restorations

2004 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 307-311 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Kenshima ◽  
Rosa Helena Miranda Grande ◽  
Julio da Motta Singer ◽  
Rafael Yagüe Ballester
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Cycling ◽  
Silver Nitrate ◽  
Composite Resin ◽  
Composite Resins ◽  
Fluorescent Light ◽  
Single Bond ◽  
Class V ◽  
Composite Resin Restorations ◽  
Nail Varnish

The objective of this study was to evaluate in vitro the effect on leakage of two incremental filling techniques and two composite resins with different elastic modulus and similar polymerization shrinkage. Eighty Class V cavities (4x4x2mm) were prepared in bovine incisors and were randomly restored with Z-250 (Z) or Durafill VS (D) + Single Bond in axial (a) or oblique (o) increments. The restorations were divided into two groups: Not Aged - N (4-hour-storage in water at 37ºC) and Aged - A (1-week storage in water at 37ºC + 1000 x - 5º-55ºC / 1-min dwell time). The specimens were covered with 2 coats of nail varnish so that only the restoration margins were exposed to silver nitrate 50% (2h) and developed under fluorescent light (8h). After they were sectioned twice in buccal-lingual direction, the four exposed surfaces were digitized (Vidcap) and the silver nitrate penetration was measured (ImageLab) at the incisal and gingival walls. Data were analyzed by a 3-way ANOVA (Resin, Filling Technique and Aging) separately for incisal and gingival walls (alpha=0.05). Resin and Aging were statistically significant either for the incisal and the gingival walls. The microfill composite resin infiltrated more than the hybrid composite. The thermal cycling caused an overall increase in silver nitrate penetration. The filling technique affected leakage depending on the composite resin and aging regimen.

scholarly journals Influence of illuminants and different observers on the perception of surface gloss of resin composite

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 451 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernanda Bastos Pereira Tessarin ◽  
Laura Célia Fernandes Meirelles ◽  
Rafael Santos Rocha ◽  
Taciana Marco Ferraz Caneppele ◽  
Eduardo Bresciani
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Resin Composite ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Lower Surface ◽  
Observer Variation ◽  
Composite Resins ◽  
Lower Percentage ◽  
Fluorescent Light ◽  
Bovine Enamel ◽  
Surface Gloss

<pre><strong>Objective:</strong> To evaluate the visual perception of surface gloss of resin composite under different illuminants by different observers. <strong>Material and methods:</strong> twelve cylindrical specimens (6mm x 1mm) were fabricated using a nanofilled resin composite (Z350, A2E shade) in order to compare different observers and to determine the limit of perceptibility of surface gloss. Bovine tooth specimen with similar dimensions was obtained for the comparison of different illuminants. Polishing of resin specimens was performed resulting in 6 groups, presenting surface gloss values at 10, 25, 40, 55, 70, and 85 GU (gloss units), measured by glossmeter (NOVOCURVE). Fifteen individuals were selected: 5 lay-person, 5 undergraduate students, and 5 dental professionals. Participants observed the specimens in a light booth (Gti lightbox) under three different illuminants, and rated the possible combinations between resin specimens or with the bovine enamel specimen (85GU). Data obtained were analyzed by PROBIT non-linear regression analysis (α=0.05). <strong>Results:</strong> Differences were observed among types of illuminants (p=0.042) and ΔGU (p=0.004), with no interaction between factors (p=0.139). The fluorescent light presented lower surface gloss perceptibility values in relation to incandescent light. There was no influence by type of observers (p =0.598). The surface gloss perception limit was 17.6 GU under the presented tested conditions. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> the illuminant type influenced perception of gloss, with lower percentage of perceptibility for fluorescent light, while such perceptibility was not influence by different observers. </pre><p class="PadroAA"><strong>Keywords</strong><strong></strong></p><p class="PadroAA"> Illuminants; Observer variation; Composite resins; Surface gloss.</p>

Perceptibility and Acceptability of Surface Gloss Variations in Dentistry

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 134-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
RS Rocha ◽  
TC Fagundes ◽  
TMF Caneppele ◽  
E Bresciani
Keyword(s):  
Visual Perception ◽  
Nonlinear Regression ◽  
Resin Composite ◽  
Probit Model ◽  
Human Tooth ◽  
Regression Estimation ◽  
Resin Composites ◽  
Dental Practice ◽  
Education Data ◽  
Surface Gloss

SUMMARY Objective: To assess the visual perception of observers regarding perceptibility and acceptability of surface gloss variations of resin composites and to determine the limit of perceptibility and acceptability of gloss variations. Methods: Eight resin composite specimens and one human tooth specimen were fabricated. The resin specimens were polished to reach a surface gloss, in gloss units (GUs), of 10 GU, 20 GU, 30 GU, 40 GU, 50 GU, 60 GU, 70 GU, and 80 GU, and the human tooth specimen had a surface gloss of 80 GU. Sixty observers were selected to compare the surface gloss of the specimens in a light booth. For the perceptibility assessment, specimens were randomly displayed two at a time. Each observer performed a total of 144 observations. Observers answered two specific questions for determining the level and limit of perceptibility of gloss variations. The acceptability limit of gloss was determined by comparing the resin specimens with the tooth specimen. The observations were performed with dental practice scenarios (illuminant conditions, visualization field, and observers' education). Data were submitted to a nonlinear probit model and nonlinear regression estimation probit (5%). Results: Differences in perceptibility and acceptability were observed for surface gloss variations (ΔGU) (p&lt;0.001). Perceptibility increased with ΔGU (10&lt;20&lt;30&lt;40&lt;50=60=70), while acceptability decreased with ΔGU (0=10&gt;20&gt;30&gt;40&gt;50&gt;60=70). Acceptability and perceptibility limits were 6.4 GU and 35.7 GU, respectively. Conclusions: Perceptibility and acceptability of surface gloss are influenced by gloss variations. A variation of 6.4 GU was required for 50% of observers to notice gloss variations. Concerning acceptability, observers required a variation of 35.7 GU to consider differences in gloss not acceptable.

scholarly journals Radiopacity of 28 Composite Resins for Teeth Restorations

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 136-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Raitz ◽  
Patrizia Dubinskas Moruzzi ◽  
Glauco Vieira ◽  
Marlene Fenyo-Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Composite Resin ◽  
Nonparametric Test ◽  
Composite Resins ◽  
Human Tooth ◽  
Equivalent Thickness ◽  
Tooth Structure ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Restoration Failure ◽  
Tooth Section ◽  
Wilcoxon Nonparametric Test

ABSTRACT Aim Radiopacity is a fundamental requisite to check marginal adaptation of restorations. Our objective was to assess the radiopacity of 28 brands of light-cured composite resins and compare their radiopacity with that of enamel, dentin, and aluminum of equivalent thickness. Materials and methods Composite resin disks (0.2, 0.5, and 1 mm) were radiographed by the digital method, together with an aluminum penetrometer and a human tooth equivalent tooth section. The degree of radiopacity of each image was quantified using digital image processing. Wilcoxon nonparametric test was used for comparison of the mean thickness of each material. Results All of the materials tested had an equal or greater radiopacity than that of aluminum of equivalent thickness. Similar results for enamel were found with the exception of Durafill, which was less radiopaque than enamel (p < 0.05). All the specimens were more radiopaque than dentin, except for P90 (which was equally radiopaque) and Durafill (which was less radiopaque). The thickness of the specimens may influence the similarity to the enamel's radiopacity. All of the composite resins comply with specification #27 of the American Dental Association. The radiopacity of Amelogen Plus, Aph, Brilhiante, Charisma, Concept Advanced, Evolux X, Exthet X, Inten S, Llis, Master Fill, Natural Look, Opallis, P60, Tetric, Tph, Z100, and Z250 was significantly higher than that of enamel (p < 0.05). Conclusion With these composites, it is possible to observe the boundaries between restoration and tooth structure, thus allowing clinicians to establish the presence of microleakage or restoration gap. Clinical significance Suitable radiopacity is an essential requisite for good-quality esthetic restorative materials. We demonstrate that only some composites have the sufficient radiopacity to observe the boundaries between restoration and tooth structure, which is the main cause of restoration failure. How to cite this article Raitz R, Moruzzi PD, Vieira G, Fenyo- Pereira M. Radiopacity of 28 Composite Resins for Teeth Restorations. J Contemp Dent Pract 2016;17(2):136-142.

scholarly journals Staining Beverages and Cigarette Smoke on Composite Resin and Human Tooth Fluorescence by Direct Spectrometry

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 352-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergio Eduardo de Paiva Gonçalves ◽  
Tânia Mara da Silva ◽  
Natália Yamachita da Silva ◽  
Lucélia Lemes Gonçalves ◽  
Leandro Procópio Alves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cigarette Smoke ◽  
Fluorescence Intensity ◽  
Composite Resin ◽  
Soft Drink ◽  
Composite Resins ◽  
Human Tooth ◽  
Optic Fiber ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Spectrometry Analysis ◽  
Dental Tissues

ABSTRACT Introduction This study evaluated the fluorescence intensity (FI) of different brands of composite resins (CRs) and compare those values with the FI of human tooth, under the action of cigarette smoke (CI), coffee (CA), and soft drink (CO), measured by direct spectrometry. Materials and methods A total of 30 specimens of each brand (Filtek Z350, Esthet-X, Amelogen, Durafill) were made. Others 30 tooth specimens (3 mm/diameter) were obtained from human molars using a trephine bur. The specimens were randomly divided into three groups (n = 10), according to substances: CI, CA, CO. The FI was directly measured using an optic fiber associated with a spectrometer and was measured at baseline and after staining. Data were submitted to Kruskal–Wallis, Dunnett, and Dunn tests. Results Staining influenced FI mean values among CRs and between those with human tooth. Z showed the closest FI mean values of tooth after staining. Conclusion Staining beverages and cigarette smoke negatively influenced on FI of CR and human tooth. Clinical significance The study shows darkening treatments influenced on the fluorescent property of the dental tissues and restorative materials according to the direct spectrometry analysis. How to cite this article da Silva TM, da Silva NY, Gonçalves LL, Alves LP, Fernandes AU, Gonçalves SEP. Staining Beverages and Cigarette Smoke on Composite Resin and Human Tooth Fluorescence by Direct Spectrometry. J Contemp Dent Pract 2017;18(5):352-357.

Técnica de mascaramento de substrato escurecido com lente de contato dental cimentada sobre faceta menos translúcida

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (37) ◽  
pp. 38-45
Author(s):  
Lara Pepita de Souza Oliveira ◽  
Rebeka de Oliveira Reis ◽  
Ely Moacyr de Souza Portela ◽  
Sybilla Torres Dias ◽  
Cristiane Maria Brasil Leal
Keyword(s):  
Phosphoric Acid ◽  
Composite Resin ◽  
Intermediate Structure ◽  
Dental Ceramics ◽  
Central Incisor ◽  
Universal Adhesive ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
Satisfaction With Treatment ◽  
Natural Teeth ◽  
Smile Aesthetics

Dental ceramics have an excellent ability to reproduce natural teeth appearance, but once the substrate has an altered coloration, it is necessary to mask this intercurrence, considering the characteristics of the ceramic and cement selected. This article aims to present a clinical case of rehabilitation with ceramic laminates to mask a darkened central incisor by planning a more opaque porcelain structure under a translucent contact lens. A female patient sought dental care complaining of dissatisfaction with smile aesthetics. It was clinically identified the presence of a Class IV darkened restoration in composite resin in element 11. In treatment planning harmony in the shape and color of elements 11 and 21 was aimed at through lithium disilicate lenses. An opaque intermediate structure was used to cover the darkening in tooth 11. The double molding technique was performed to obtain the working model. Prior to cementing, the surfaces were treated. In ceramics, conditioning with 10% hydrofluoric acid and 37% phosphoric acid, silane application and universal adhesive; in dental substrate, conditioning with 37% phosphoric acid and application of universal adhesive were performed. In laminates definitive cementation Allcem Venner cement was chosen. Patient reported satisfaction with treatment final aesthetics. Thus, cementation technique of a translucent laminate over an opaque facet is a good option for masking substrates with darkened coloration.

Effect of layer thickness on residual monomer release in polymerization of bulk-fill composites

2021 ◽  
pp. 096739112199958
Author(s):  
Vahti Kılıç ◽  
Feridun Hurmuzlu ◽  
Yılmaz Ugur ◽  
Suzan Cangul
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Layer Thickness ◽  
Composite Resin ◽  
Ethanol Solution ◽  
Composite Resins ◽  
Residual Monomer ◽  
Steel Mold ◽  
Nanohybrid Composite ◽  
Composite Samples

The aim of the present study was to investigate and compare the quantity of residual monomers leached from the bulk-fill composites with different compositions polymerized at varying layer thickness. Three bulk-fill (X-tra-fil, Beautifil Bulk Restorative, Fill-Up) and a nanohybrid composite (Filtek Z550) were used for the study. The composite resin samples were prepared with a stainless steel mold. For each composite, two groups were constructed. The samples in the first group were prepared using the 2 + 2 mm layering technique. In the second group, the composite samples were applied as a 4 mm-thick one layer and polymerized. Then, each composite samples were kept in a 75% ethanol solution and residual monomers released from composite resins were analyzed with an HPLC device after 24hour and 1 month. The data were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests. Except the Fill-Up, all of residual monomer elution from the bulk-fill composites was significantly affected by the layer thickness (p < 0.05). The greatest monomer release was detected at 1 month after polymerization as a single 4 mm layer for Beautifil Bulk Restorative. Fill-Up composite showed similar residual monomer release in polymerization at different layer thicknesses compared to other composite resins. In the 2 + 2 mm layering technique, the least monomer elution was detected in the Filtek Z550 composite group. While Bis-GMA was the most released monomer in X-tra fil composite, UDMA was the most released monomer in all other composite resins. During polymerization of the bulk-fill composite, the layer thickness of the composite applied may affect the amount of residual monomers released from the composite resins. Conventional composites may release less monomer than bulk-fill composites when used with layering.

Influence of Hydrogen Peroxide Bleaching Gels on Color, Opacity, and Fluorescence of Composite Resins

2012 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
pp. 526-531 ◽  
Author(s):  
CRG Torres ◽  
CF Ribeiro ◽  
E Bresciani ◽  
AB Borges
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Composite Resin ◽  
Color Change ◽  
Composite Resins ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Peroxide Bleaching ◽  
Color Changes ◽  
Tukey Test ◽  
Bleaching Gels ◽  
Bleaching Treatment

SUMMARY The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of 20% and 35% hydrogen peroxide bleaching gels on the color, opacity, and fluorescence of composite resins. Seven composite resin brands were tested and 30 specimens, 3-mm in diameter and 2-mm thick, of each material were fabricated, for a total of 210 specimens. The specimens of each tested material were divided into three subgroups (n=10) according to the bleaching therapy tested: 20% hydrogen peroxide gel, 35% hydroxide peroxide gel, and the control group. The baseline color, opacity, and fluorescence were assessed by spectrophotometry. Four 30-minute bleaching gel applications, two hours in total, were performed. The control group did not receive bleaching treatment and was stored in deionized water. Final assessments were performed, and data were analyzed by two-way analysis of variance and Tukey tests (p&lt;0.05). Color changes were significant for different tested bleaching therapies (p&lt;0.0001), with the greatest color change observed for 35% hydrogen peroxide gel. No difference in opacity was detected for all analyzed parameters. Fluorescence changes were influenced by composite resin brand (p&lt;0.0001) and bleaching therapy (p=0.0016) used. No significant differences in fluorescence between different bleaching gel concentrations were detected by Tukey test. The greatest fluorescence alteration was detected on the brand Z350. It was concluded that 35% hydrogen peroxide bleaching gel generated the greatest color change among all evaluated materials. No statistical opacity changes were detected for all tested variables, and significant fluorescence changes were dependent on the material and bleaching therapy, regardless of the gel concentration.

scholarly journals Influence of shade and irradiation time on the hardness of composite resins

2007 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 231-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
Álvaro Della Bona ◽  
Vinícius Rosa ◽  
Dileta Cecchetti
Keyword(s):  
Composite Resin ◽  
Irradiation Time ◽  
Composite Resins ◽  
Light Irradiation ◽  
Hardness Tester ◽  
Different Depths ◽  
Study Hypothesis ◽  
Dark Shade

This study tested the following hypotheses: 1. increasing light irradiation time (IT) produces greater values of superficial hardness on different depths (0 and 3 mm); and 2. a dark shade composite (A3) needs longer IT than a light shade composite (A1) to produce similar hardness. Disk-shaped specimens (n=24 per shade) were fabricated using a 3-mm-thick increment of composite resin (Z100). Specimens were randomly assigned to 3 groups (n=8) according to the IT (400 mW/cm2) at the upper (U) surface: A1-10 and A3-10: 10 s; A1-20 and A3-20: 20 s; A1-40 and A3-40: 40 s. Specimens were stored in black lightproof containers at 37ºC for 24 h before indentation in a hardness tester. Three Vickers indentations were performed on the U and lower (L) surfaces of each specimen. The indent diagonals were measured and the hardness value calculated. The results were analyzed statistically by ANOVA and Tukey's test (alpha=0.05). Statistically significant differences were found between U and L surfaces of each composite shade-IT combination (p=0.0001) and among the ITs of same shade-surface combination (p=0.0001), except between groups A1-20U and A1-40U, confirming the study hypothesis 1 and partially rejecting the hypothesis 2.

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