scholarly journals Intraoperative Fluids and Fluid Management for Ambulatory Dental Sedation and General Anesthesia

2015 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 168-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mana Saraghi
Keyword(s):  
General Anesthesia ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Oral Surgery ◽  
Fluid Management ◽  
General Anesthetic ◽  
Fluid Status ◽  
Outpatient Procedures ◽  
Crystalloid Solutions ◽  
Minor Oral Surgery ◽  
Intraoperative Fluids

Intravenous fluids are administered in virtually every parenteral sedation and general anesthetic. The purpose of this article is to review the physiology of body-water distribution and fluid dynamics at the vascular endothelium, evaluation of fluid status, calculation of fluid requirements, and the clinical rationale for the use of various crystalloid and colloid solutions. In the setting of elective dental outpatient procedures with minor blood loss, isotonic balanced crystalloid solutions are the fluids of choice. Colloids, on the other hand, have no use in outpatient sedation or general anesthesia for dental or minor oral surgery procedures but may have several desirable properties in long and invasive maxillofacial surgical procedures where advanced hemodynamic monitoring may assess the adequacy of intravascular volume.

scholarly journals General anesthesia with remimazolam in a patient with mitochondrial encephalomyopathy: a case report

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuji Suzuki ◽  
Matsuyuki Doi ◽  
Yoshiki Nakajima
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acidosis ◽  
General Anesthesia ◽  
Mitochondrial Disease ◽  
Muscle Relaxation ◽  
Anesthetic Management ◽  
Perioperative Period ◽  
Mitochondrial Encephalomyopathy ◽  
Anesthesia Induction ◽  
General Anesthetic ◽  
Anesthetic Agents

Abstract Background Systemic anesthetic management of patients with mitochondrial disease requires careful preoperative preparation to administer adequate anesthesia and address potential disease-related complications. The appropriate general anesthetic agents to use in these patients remain controversial. Case presentation A 54-year-old woman (height, 145 cm; weight, 43 kg) diagnosed with mitochondrial encephalomyopathy with lactic acidosis and stroke-like episodes underwent elective cochlear implantation. Infusions of intravenous remimazolam and remifentanil guided by patient state index monitoring were used for anesthesia induction and maintenance. Neither lactic acidosis nor prolonged muscle relaxation occurred in the perioperative period. At the end of surgery, flumazenil was administered to antagonize sedation, which rapidly resulted in consciousness. Conclusions Remimazolam administration and reversal with flumazenil were successfully used for general anesthesia in a patient with mitochondrial disease.

Fifteen-minute consultation: how to identify and treat children with acute kidney injury

2021 ◽  
pp. edpract-2020-319928
Author(s):  
Maura Scott ◽  
Grace McCall
Keyword(s):  
Acute Kidney Injury ◽  
Fluid Management ◽  
Kidney Injury ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Fluid Status ◽  
Close Observation ◽  
Long Term Follow Up

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is under-recognised in children and neonates. It is associated with increased mortality and morbidity along with an increased incidence of chronic kidney disease in adulthood. It is important that paediatricians are able to recognise AKI quickly, enabling prompt treatment of reversible causes. In this article, we demonstrate an approach to recognising paediatric AKI, cessation of nephrotoxic medication, appropriate investigations and the importance of accurately assessing fluid status. The mainstay of treatment is attempting to mimic the kidneys ability to provide electrolyte and fluid homeostasis; this requires close observation and careful fluid management. We discuss referral to paediatric nephrology and the importance of long-term follow-up. We present an approach to AKI through case-presentation.

The patient's view of minor oral surgery

BDJ ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 179 (9) ◽  
pp. 327-327
Author(s):  
K Marshall
Keyword(s):  
Oral Surgery ◽  
Minor Oral Surgery ◽  
The Patient’S View

General Anesthesia in Dentistry and Oral Surgery

1944 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 321-322
Author(s):  
J. G. ARROWOOD
Keyword(s):  
General Anesthesia ◽  
Oral Surgery

scholarly journals Could radical pairs play a role in xenon-induced general anesthesia?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jordan Smith ◽  
Hadi Zadeh Haghighi ◽  
Christoph Simon
Keyword(s):  
General Anesthesia ◽  
Radical Pair ◽  
The Body ◽  
Radical Pair Mechanism ◽  
General Anesthetic ◽  
Radical Pairs ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Isotopic Dependence ◽  
Anesthetic Potency ◽  
Recombination Dynamics

ABSTRACTUnderstanding the mechanisms underlying anesthesia would be a key step towards understanding consciousness. The process of xenon-induced general anesthesia has been shown to involve electron transfer, and the potency of xenon as a general anesthetic exhibits isotopic dependence. We propose that these observations can be explained by a mechanism in which the xenon nuclear spin influences the recombination dynamics of a naturally occurring radical pair of electrons. We develop a simple model inspired by the body of work on the radical-pair mechanism in cryptochrome in the context of avian magnetoreception, and we show that our model can reproduce the observed isotopic dependence of the general anesthetic potency of xenon in mice. Our results are consistent with the idea that radical pairs of electrons with entangled spins could be important for consciousness.

scholarly journals Olfactory Dysfunction After Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaxi Wang ◽  
Hua Li ◽  
Xuanping Huang ◽  
Nuo Zhou
Keyword(s):  
General Anesthesia ◽  
Nasal Septum ◽  
Rare Complication ◽  
Nasotracheal Intubation ◽  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Olfactory Dysfunction ◽  
Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
General Anesthetic ◽  
Anesthetic Drugs ◽  
Nasal Septum Deviation

Abstract Background: Although anesthesia can contribute to olfactory dysfunction, it is a rare complication after oral and maxillofacial surgery by general anesthesia.Cases presentation: In this study, we introduced 3 cases of patient suffering from anosmia (complete loss of smell), after oral and maxillofacial surgery by general anesthesia. We also investigated possible etiologies of anosmia. Conclusions: There are some evidences that anosmia is caused by nasotracheal intubation, which may cause OM injury and/or swing of the nasal septum in patients with nasal septum deviation. Olfactory dysfunction via general anesthetic drugs, however, may have a different etiology.

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