A Free-Rolling Cornering Test for Heavy-Duty Truck Tires

1996 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. G. Pottinger ◽  
W. Pelz ◽  
G. A. Tapia ◽  
C. B. Winkler
Keyword(s):  
Vehicle Dynamics ◽  
Task Force ◽  
Test Procedure ◽  
Heavy Duty ◽  
Heavy Duty Truck ◽  
Truck Tire ◽  
Truck Tires ◽  
Background Data ◽  
Dynamics Simulations ◽  
Future Work

Abstract Under the guidance of the SAE Truck Tire Characteristics Task Force, the background to support the creation of a recommended practice for experimentally determining the free-rolling cornering properties of heavy-duty truck tires has been developed. The value of such a recommended practice lies in the establishment of a broadly accepted procedure for obtaining the free-rolling cornering data needed to represent tires in vehicle dynamics simulations of commercial trucks. This paper presents the proposed test procedure and background data. It contains a summary of the proposed test procedure, example data from CALSPAN and UMTRI using the proposed procedure, a statistical comparison of the data from CALSPAN and UMTRI, a discussion of the effect of inflation pressure on the data, a discussion of how the proposed test affects tire cornering properties and tread surface topography, and a look at the projected future work of the task force.

Transient Properties of Truck Tires on Real Road Surfaces

1987 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 188-197
Author(s):  
R. Weber ◽  
M. Münster
Keyword(s):  
Frequency Response ◽  
Phase Angle ◽  
Lateral Force ◽  
Force Response ◽  
Heavy Duty ◽  
Time Rate ◽  
Heavy Duty Truck ◽  
Truck Tire ◽  
Truck Tires ◽  
Road Surfaces

Abstract The cornering, or lateral force response of heavy-duty truck tires, has been evaluated on real road surfaces at speeds of 10–60 km/h. The special mobile truck tire dynamometer has a two-test-tire carriage mounted just ahead of the rear support tires of an articulated truck (tractor) trailer. Equal slip angles may be applied simultaneously to both test tires. The frequency response was evaluated by typical phase angle methods. The phase angle (lag of lateral force behind instantaneous angle) increased with frequency (time rate of application of angle) and decreased with increasing speed.

Predictive Indoor Wheel Testing of Heavy Duty Truck Tires

1987 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-67
Author(s):  
R. L. Keefe
Keyword(s):  
Load Transfer ◽  
High Stress ◽  
High Load ◽  
Heavy Duty ◽  
Low Speed ◽  
Service Failures ◽  
Heavy Duty Truck ◽  
Truck Tire ◽  
Truck Tires ◽  
Load Tests

Abstract An indoor wheel test for heavy duty truck tires has been developed to predict in-service failures of commercial and developmental tires. The test, run at slow speed and high load to emphasize stress and fatigue rather than heat, is based on the premise that repeated high stress is the principal cause of in-service tire failure. These stresses occur when dynamic or transient overloads are caused by road bumps, load transfer during braking and cornering, or dual tire configuration on non-uniform surfaces. Although these overloads may occur infrequently, they can become very significant in the long distances run by truck tires. Other current heavy duty truck tire tests are generally run at higher speeds, emphasizing heat resistance of rubber compounds, or else are low-speed, much-overloaded bead tests which are unrealistically severe. Since its development in 1974 the present test has been broadly predictive for many belt, carcass, or fatigue related in-service failures of both bias and radial commercial and developmental truck tires. The test is called “The DuPont High Load Wheel Test” to distinguish it from other low-speed-high-load tests.

Properties of silica/clay filled heavy-duty truck tire thread formulation

2004 ◽  
Vol 94 (3) ◽  
pp. 1024-1028 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. J Ogbebor ◽  
A. S. Farid ◽  
U. N. Okwu
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Duty ◽  
Heavy Duty Truck ◽  
Truck Tire

Coupled Analysis of Unsteady Aerodynamics and Vehicle Motion of a Heavy Duty Truck in Wind Gusts

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takuji Nakashima ◽  
Makoto Tsubokura ◽  
Takeshi Ikenaga ◽  
Kozo Kitoh ◽  
Yasuaki Doi
Keyword(s):  
Vehicle Dynamics ◽  
Unsteady Aerodynamics ◽  
Dynamics Simulation ◽  
Coupled Analysis ◽  
Wind Gust ◽  
Strong Wind ◽  
Heavy Duty ◽  
Aerodynamic Forces ◽  
Heavy Duty Truck ◽  
Unsteady Aerodynamic

In the present study, unsteady aerodynamic forces acting on a simplified heavy duty truck in strong wind gust and their effects on the truck’s motion were investigated by using a coupled analysis. Unsteady fluid dynamics simulation was applied to numerically reproduce unsteady aerodynamic forces acting on the truck under sudden crosswind condition. Taking account of vehicle’s motion, moving boundary techniques were introduced. Motions of the truck were simulated by a vehicle dynamics simulation including a driver’s reaction. The equations of motion of the truck in longitudinal, lateral, and yaw-rotational directions were numerically solved. These aerodynamics and vehicle dynamics simulations were coupled by exchanging the aerodynamic forces and the vehicle’s motion. In order to investigate effects of the unsteady vehicle aerodynamics on the vehicle’s motion, conventional analysis of the vehicle’s motion using quasi-steady aerodynamic forces and one-way coupled analysis with fixed vehicle attitude were also conducted. The numerical results of these simulations were compared with each other, and the effects of the two kinds of unsteady aerodynamics were discussed separately and totally. In the sudden crosswind condition, the unsteady aerodynamics effected significantly on the truck’s motion. An effect of transient aerodynamics as the truck ran into a sudden crosswind was greater than an effect of unsteady aerodynamics caused by unsteady vehicle’s motion, while both of the effects showed significance.

Heavy Duty Truck Tire Engineering

1988 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas L. Ford ◽  
Fred S. Charles
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Duty ◽  
Heavy Duty Truck ◽  
Truck Tire

Example Utilization of Truck Tire Characteristics Data in Vehicle Dynamics Simulations

1998 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J. Burke ◽  
John D. Robertson ◽  
Michael W. Sayers ◽  
Marion G. Pottinger
Keyword(s):  
Vehicle Dynamics ◽  
Truck Tire ◽  
Dynamics Simulations

Integration and Use of Diesel Engine, Driveline and Vehicle Dynamics Models for Heavy Duty Truck Simulation

1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dennis N. Assanis ◽  
Walter Bryzik ◽  
Nabil Chalhoub ◽  
Zoran S. Filipi ◽  
Naeim Henein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Vehicle Dynamics ◽  
Heavy Duty ◽  
Heavy Duty Truck ◽  
Dynamics Models

Cis-Polybutadiene-Natural Rubber Blends

1959 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 308-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. E. Railsback ◽  
W. T. Cooper ◽  
N. A. Stumpe
Keyword(s):  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Shore Hardness ◽  
Rubber Blends ◽  
Heavy Duty Truck ◽  
Truck Tire ◽  
Truck Tires ◽  
Polybutadiene Rubber ◽  
Excellent Service ◽  
Road Testing ◽  
Better Than

Abstract The preparation of 1:1 cis-polybutadiene-natural rubber blends has been shown to be feasible on a laboratory scale. Blends of this type have displayed hysteresis properties equivalent to the natural rubber control and have exhibited satisfactory modulus, tensile and Shore hardness in the recipes developed. Tests on retread passenger tires have confirmed the excellent service performance indicated for blends of this type compared to natural rubber by giving outstanding abrasion resistance and better resistance to cracking. The compatibility and acceptable processing characteristics of cis-polybutadiene-natural rubber blends have been confirmed by factory mixing. Based on the results to date it appears that 1:1 blends of cis-polybutadiene and natural rubber should be significantly better than natural rubber alone for heavy duty truck tire treads. Road testing of 10:00 inch × 20 inch truck tires is now in progress. If the outstanding performace of the blends is confirmed, the utilization of cis-polybutadiene rubber in truck tires could materially lessen the dependence of the rubber industry on natural rubber.

Unsteady Aerodynamics Simulation of a Heavy-Duty Truck in Wind Gusts Coupled With Vehicle Motion Analysis in Six Degrees of Freedom

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takuji Nakashima ◽  
Makoto Tsubokura ◽  
Syumei Matsuda ◽  
Yasuaki Doi
Keyword(s):  
Vehicle Dynamics ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Vertical Direction ◽  
Dynamics Simulation ◽  
Strong Wind ◽  
Heavy Duty ◽  
Aerodynamic Forces ◽  
Six Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Heavy Duty Truck ◽  
Wind Gusts

A one-way coupled analysis was used to investigate both the unsteady aerodynamic forces on a simplified heavy-duty truck in strong wind gusts and their effects on its motion. The vehicle model for the dynamics simulation was extended to six degrees of freedom (6DoF). First, a transitional aerodynamics simulation was conducted for the simplified truck with a fixed vehicle attitude but subject to a sudden crosswind. Based on the visualized results of this aerodynamics simulation, flow phenomena generating transitional aerodynamic forces and moments are discussed, especially those acting in the vertical direction. While the truck was running into the crosswind region, the growth and breakdown of a large-scale vortex above the container generated a transitional behavior of aerodynamic lift and pitching moment. Next, time series of the six components of the aerodynamic forces and moments were input into the vehicle dynamics simulation. By comparing the results with those of a quasi-steady aerodynamics simulation, the effect of transitional aerodynamics on vertical motions was clarified, with the largest difference found in a rolling motion. Moreover, the effect of considering 6DoF was investigated by also conducting the vehicle dynamics simulation with 3DoF. The consideration of dynamics in the vertical direction changed the estimation of tire forces, which were related to a vertical load on the tire. Finally, the effects of considering 6DoF were also identified for horizontal motions.

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