scholarly journals The Role of Science & Technology in the Transition from a Centrally-Planned Economy to a Market Economy in the Czech Republic

1997 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-64
Author(s):  
Greg Tegart
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Market Economy ◽  
Planned Economy ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Science Technology ◽  
Centrally Planned Economy

No abstract

scholarly journals Problem zamówień publicznych w PRL

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 361-369
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Horubski
Keyword(s):  
Market Economy ◽  
Public Procurement ◽  
Public Spending ◽  
Planned Economy ◽  
Cost Efficiencies ◽  
Centrally Planned Economy ◽  
Public Contracts ◽  
The Times ◽  
Public Contract

The article characterises selected legal solutions applied in the process of public contract award in the realities of the nationalised centrally-planned economy in the times of the Polish People’s Republic. In the study, manifestations of discrimination of private businesses in the access to public contracts are presented. Such discrimination was one of the foundations for the legislation applicable at the time. The article also highlights other features of legal acts of statutory rank governing contracts awarded by state-owned organisational units, such as the fragmented nature of their regulations, including the omission of regulations governing the procedure of reaching an agreement and executing a contract. This allowed formulating conclusions about the merely superficial role of the provisions on supplies, services, and works for state entities and the fundamental inability of these regulations to play the role attributed to public procurement in the market economy, consisting in deploying the mechanism of competition between entrepreneurs for cost-efficiencies in public spending.

Banks in the czech republic: the current state and prospects

1997 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Petr Zahradník
Keyword(s):  
Monetary Policy ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Commercial Banks ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Commercial Banking ◽  
Planned Economy ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Current State ◽  
Centrally Planned Economy

The transformation of the Czech banking sector was launched on the principles adopted even before November 1989, when the monobank structure of Czech banking was abolished on January 1st, 1990. The former State Bank of Czechoslovakia, which fulfilled the functions of both monetary policy and commercial banking under the conditions of a centrally planned economy, was delimited on that date and the responsibility for monetary policy became its prerogative. The functions of commercial banking began to be fulfilled by the existing commercial banks, until then visibly subordinate to the SBČS (Česká státní spořitelna, Československá obchodní banka, Živnostenská banka in the Czech Republic, and Slovenská Štátna sporitel'ňa in Slovakia), as well as by the newly-established successors to the SBCS in the commercial sphere (Komerční banka in the Czech Republic, Všeobecná úverová banka in Slovakia) supplemented by Investiční banka, already an established bank at that time, which took over some important activities of the former SBČS.

Prague, the Victorious May of 1945

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 80-91
Author(s):  
S. V. Kudryashov
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Controversial Issues ◽  
Political Struggle ◽  
Military Operation ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
German Army ◽  
Local Municipality ◽  
Local Residents ◽  
Group Center

The article deals with complex and controversial issues related to the uprising and liberation of Prague in May 1945. Interpretation of the events became acute and caused lively discussions in connection with the demolition of the monument to Marshal I. V. Konev on April 3, 2020 by the order of the local municipality. The Czech Republic is also discussing the idea of «perpetuating the role of other liberators» of the capital – soldiers of the ROA division, which for two days (May 6-7) provided assistance to the rebels. Using new documents from the Central archive of the Ministry of defense of the Russian Federation, the author draws a conclusion about the limited influence of the Vlasov units. They, indeed, brought confusion to the German ranks, but early in the morning of May 8, they themselves left Prague on a rapid march. After that, fighting and negotiations between the rebels and the German command continued. The article emphasizes that the main goal of the Soviet military operation from 6 to 11 May 1945 was the defeat of the German Army Group Center. The liberation of Prague was only part of a powerful offensive by three Soviet fronts. Heavy battles for Prague did not happen, but the entry of Soviet tanks into the Czech capital and the subsequent jubilation of local residents became a symbol of the end of the war in Europe. The author concludes that the demolition of monuments to Soviet soldiers and commanders is a manifestation of internal political struggle in the countries where it occurs, and the Czech Republic is only one of these examples.

scholarly journals NGO–Public Administration Relationships in Tackling the Homelessness Problem in the Czech Republic and Poland

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 24
Author(s):  
Monika Sidor ◽  
Dina Abdelhafez
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Public Administration ◽  
Social Assistance ◽  
Public Servants ◽  
The Czech Republic

Recently, the role of non-governmental organisations (NGOs) in Poland and the Czech Republic has increased, which has translated into a growing tendency to change the procedures for social assistance provision. However, the relationships between public administration and non-governmental organisations differ in both countries. The Najam Four-C’s Model is used in this paper to describe how NGOs and public administration approach the problem of homelessness in the Czech Republic and Poland. To explore this issue, the authors conducted interviews with public servants and NGOs’ mangers in both countries. The findings show that, as far as homelessness is concerned, NGOs and state authorities function on the basis of complementarity in Poland as well as in the Czech Republic.

Consumer activism in the Czech Republic: the role of exit and voice in a changing economy

1999 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael A. Gurdon ◽  
Ronald Savitt ◽  
Marie Pribova
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Consumer Activism ◽  
Changing Economy

Collective Memory and Social Movements: Football Sites of Memory in Supporters’ Activism

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Dino Numerato ◽  
Arnošt Svoboda
Keyword(s):  
Social Movements ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Collective Memory ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Contentious Politics ◽  
Ethnographic Study ◽  
European Level ◽  
Significant Component ◽  
The Czech Republic

This paper examines the role of collective memory in the protection of “traditional” sociocultural and symbolic aspects of football vis-à-vis the processes of commodification and globalization. Empirical evidence that underpins the analysis is drawn from a multisite ethnographic study of football fan activism in the Czech Republic, Italy, and England, as well as at the European level. The authors argue that collective memory represents a significant component of the supporters’ mobilization and is related to the protection of specific football sites of memory, including club names, logos, colors, places, heroes, tragedies, and histories. The authors further explain that collective memory operates through three interconnected dimensions: embedded collective memory, transcendent collective memory, and the collective memory of contentious politics.

Public leadership and strategies of Czech municipalities during the COVID-19 pandemic – municipal activism vs municipal passivism

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michal Plaček ◽  
David Špaček ◽  
František Ochrana
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Strategic Behavior ◽  
Participant Observation ◽  
Capital City ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Public Leadership

PurposeThis paper discusses the role of public leadership and the strategic response of local governments to the external shock caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. The authors examine the typical Czech response with regard to how the leadership of municipalities in the Czech Republic responded to this extremely negative external stimulus.Design/methodology/approachThe authors use qualitative research methods for this investigation. They have chosen the case study method (see Yin, 2009; Stake, 1995; Klonoski, 2013). The general case is the Czech Republic. Mini-cases consist of municipalities from the Znojmo region, municipalities of the Central Bohemian region and the municipal districts in the capital city of Prague. Furthermore, the method of participant observation was used.FindingsThe authors’ analysis of the problem of local government responses to the pandemic crisis shows that municipal leaders responded with a variety of (non-)adaptation strategies. It appears that certain framework factors influenced the various local governments' behavior.Originality/valueThe article examines the strategic behavior of Czech municipal leaders regarding the pandemic crisis based on the observation of the reactions of local governments in the Czech Republic to the pandemic crisis and strives to define their basic strategies.

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