Trade, Knowledge Spillover and Economic Growth

The purpose of this article is to suggest that a more recent literature has emerged which identifies how and why entrepreneurship in the form of new and small firms is a driving engine of industrial restructuring and economic growth. The starting point of this literature is the consideration of entrepreneurial opportunities and how they relate to opportunities generated by incumbent corporations. Entrepreneurship is distinguished from incumbent organizations with respect to both opportunity creation and exploitation. According to the ‘Knowledge Spillover Theory of Entrepreneurship’, entrepreneurial opportunities are not exogenous to the economy, but rather systematically created by incumbent organizations investing in new knowledge and ideas but unable to fully commercialize that new knowledge.

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Openness, technological spillovers in the r&d sector and economic growth

South African Journal of Economic and Management Sciences ◽

10.4102/sajems.v13i1.194 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

Pei-Pei Chen ◽

Rangan Gupta

Keyword(s):

Economic Growth ◽

Research And Development ◽

Trade Openness ◽

Knowledge Spillover ◽

Trade Liberalisation ◽

Standard Of Living ◽

Technological Spillovers

Recent studies have pointed out that trade liberalisation leads to technological spillovers, which tend to improve the efficiency of the domestic research and development (R&D) sector, and ultimately boost economic growth. In this paper, we theoretically formalise the above mentioned relationship between trade openness and growth, via knowledge spillover in the R&D sector. We show that, under certain conditions, an increase in the degree of openness not only enhances growth, but also improves the standard of living. The study, thus, prescribes policies of developing and improving the domestic R&D sector in order to reap the benefits of trade liberalisation.

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Knowledge Spillover Entrepreneurship, Innovation and Economic Growth

Handbook of Research on Innovation and Entrepreneurship ◽

10.4337/9781849807760.00024 ◽

2013 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

David B. Audretsch ◽

Max Keilbach

Keyword(s):

Economic Growth ◽

Knowledge Spillover

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Phenomenon of Structural-Technological Proximity and Knowledge Spillovers between Russian Regions

Economy of region ◽

10.17059/ekon.reg.2020-4-17 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 16 ◽

pp. 1254-1271

Author(s):

Galina A. Untura ◽

Maria A. Kaneva ◽

Olga N. Moroshkina

Keyword(s):

Economic Growth ◽

Russian Federation ◽

Knowledge Spillovers ◽

Knowledge Spillover ◽

Spatial Proximity ◽

Russian Regions ◽

Economic Activities ◽

Novosibirsk Region ◽

The Russian Federation ◽

The Impact

International theoretical and empirical studies have shown that regional development and economic growth largely depend on spatial and non-spatial proximity of regions, which generates knowledge spillovers. We developed a methodological approach to measuring and visualising spatial and structural-technological proximity affecting regional knowledge spillovers. Moreover, we tested the techniques of the cartographic visualisation of the proximity of Russian regions. Further, we analysed foreign and domestic approaches to studying spatial and non-spatial proximity and obtained new results. We described the stages constituting a methodology for the quantitative assessment of different types of regional proximity. Additionally, we proposed a method for constructing a typology of regions based on the coefficients of the non-spatial proximity matrix, calculated according to the indicator “gross value added” for 15 sectors of the Russian National Classifier of Economic Activities (OKVED) for Russian regions. Using the data for the Novosibirsk region in 2005 and 2016, we applied methodological techniques for measuring and visualising geographical and structural-technological proximity (STB) of a region in relation to other constituent entities of the Russian Federation. The Novosibirsk region is located in the middle of the country and has a diversified structure of economic activities and science. For this particular region, there has been an increase in the likelihood of the emergence of knowledge spillover channels with various European regions of Russia and some regions of the Urals and the Far East. Proximity matrices can be used in econometric studies to test hypotheses about the impact of different forms of proximity on regional economic growth. Recommendations to enhance knowledge spillover coincide with the proposals to support the areas of innovative development stated in The Strategy of Spatial Development of the Russian Federation for the period until 2025.

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