The Effects of R&D Expenditure and Technological Spillover on Industry Revenues in Japan

This research analyzes the effects of research and development (R&D) activities on industries' sales based on accounting information for the Japanese manufacturing sector from 2001–2017, with the aim of accurately grasping the current situation. The analytical model is based on the traditional extended Cobb-Douglas production function. By avoiding the statistical problem of endogeneity and serial correlation, a multiple regression analysis was used to understand the statistical superiority of the effects of R&D expenditure and technological spillovers on sales figures. This study also analyzes the relationship between acceptance and supply of technological spillovers in Japanese industries to understand the current state of the impact of technological spillovers. In conclusion, the effects of recent R&D activities in the Japanese manufacturing sector are low. After the 1997 Asian Currency Crisis, Japan's economic growth has declined; this study could help improve R&D activities that support economic growth in this poor growth climate.

Technological Spillovers, Manufacturing Growth and Transboundary Pollution in Case of Pakistan

Role of technological spillover in manufacturing sector growth and climate change is the running debate in the world to avoid the problem of production inefficiency and environmental damages. Environment friendly technological spillover plays pivotal role in manufacturing sector growth which leads to economic growth. In order to investigate the inconclusiveness of the major issues of production inefficiency and climate change in Pakistan the current research was aimed at finding the relationship between technological spillovers, manufacturing growth and climate change. To meet the objectives, the study investigated both short run and long run dynamics by employing Autoregressive Distributive Lagged (ARDL) model. An annual time series data over the period of 1973 to 2017 was collected for comparative analysis of technological spillover performance in manufacturing sector and environmental condition of the country. The results of CUSM test and Bound test validated the existence of long run co-integration relationship among estimated models. The results demonstrated that technological spillover performs significantly positive role in manufacturing growth with less absorptive ability. The empirical analysis proved that technological spillover and imported technology have affirmative role in reducing amount of net Carbon emission over the long run. It is suggested that the firms should adopt innovative technologies and try to improve absorptive capacity while government must opt country specific policies to control negative externalities.

The Technological Diffusion as a Dimension of the Link Between Exports, Imports, and Growth in Tunisia

This paper is an exploration of the technological dimension that shapes the link between intermediate and capital goods imports (IKGM), manufactured exports (MX), and growth in the case of Tunisia. Within a time series analysis (1970-2016), the author focuses on the extent to which these two components of trade are differentiated and therefore incorporating increasing technological content. By using three-digit SITC-level data of IKGM and of MX, it is shown that weighing simple measures of exports and of imports with a measure of their differentiation reveals that exports are sufficiently differentiated to ensure technological spillovers, on one hand, and the payment of IKGM, on the other hand. The extensive and intensive margins of trade are also explored from the sides of exports and imports. They are put in evidence given the positive impact on growth of IKGM and MX measured in accordance to their differentiated configuration.

Firm Size and Sustainable Innovation: A Theoretical and Empirical Analysis

This paper explores the relationship between firm size and sustainable innovation in large international firms. To this end, we develop a labor demand framework. The contribution to the literature is to explore external knowledge in determining the employment impact of sustainable innovation. Our investigation is based on firms in three economic areas: Europe, Japan, and the United States. In this way, we will appreciate the extent to which the technological spillovers are important from a geographical perspective. The findings provide evidence of the significance of spillover effects on a firm’s size; however, these effects depend on the spillover stock type.

Productivity of Czech logistic firms: quality orientation, entrants and multinationals

The paper analyses logistics industry in Czech Republic and analyzes clusters and groups of one hundred companies that were active in the market in 2014. Analysis is based on the economic theory of endogenous growth and technological spillovers of multinational firms. They have the know-how and technology, which makes them more productive than local firms which tries to catch up the leaders and try to get as much knowledge as possible. This paper contributes to this theory. Key findings for this transitional economy is that quality certification is not beneficial for labor productivity and earnings, there are differences among multinational firms in terms of output efficiency and they are on average more productive than local firms, older firms are less productive than younger, but entrants are not more profitable than older firms.