scholarly journals A Study of the Entropy Production in Physical Processes from a New Perspective of the Energy Structure

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Saeed Shahsavari ◽  
Mehran Moradi
Keyword(s):  
Boltzmann Equation ◽  
Entropy Production ◽  
Physical Process ◽  
Structure Equation ◽  
Dissipated Energy ◽  
Energy Structure ◽  
Physical Processes ◽  
Physical Systems ◽  
The Boltzmann Equation ◽  
Energy Components

When a physical process is performed, identifying the generated entropy can be used to investigate the irreversibility. But for this mean, from the perspective of the Boltzmann equation, both all microstates and macrostates must be studied. In fact, it is needed that all particles energy level to be investigated. Therefore, to investigate entropy in configurationally systems using the Boltzmann equation, a very large volume of calculations is required. In this study, we try to extract a way to investigate entropy production without the need to study all particles (or sub-structures). For this purpose, at first, a macroscopic energy structure equation “as an equation that shows the energy components of the system activated in the performed process as well as their dependence” is presented. As a study on the irreversibility (or entropy production) in physical systems, its structure and components are studied. Writing equations in the energy space of the system makes it possible to study the structure of irreversibility. Then using a new macroscopic quasi-statistical approach, the irreversibility and its structure in physical processes are investigated. Macro energy components of the system are used for this investigation and energy structure is studied base on them. Finally, a new macroscopic definition of the generated entropy is extracted using a new energy structure equation as well as dependent and independent macroscopic energy component concepts. Also, why and what entropy can be generated, from the perspective of the presented macroscopic energy structure equation are studied. In fact, this paper investigates the generated entropy structure in physical systems using macroscopic system energy components and takes a new approach to why and what irreversibility is occurred during the physical process. Therefore, presented equations can be used for investigating the irreversibility in configurationally physical systems without the need to study all its sub structures. Also, from the extracted equations, it can be concluded that entropy is generated because of the existence of the dependent energy components in the energy structure equation of the system, and this generated entropy depends on the variation of these components as well as the amount of the applied energy to the system and its conditions. Due to the kinematic theory of dissipated energy, these results are in the same line with the different formulations of the second law of thermodynamics.  

scholarly journals An Applied Component Modeling to the Irreversibility from a New Configurationally Perspective of the Statistical Physics

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Saeed Shahsavari ◽  
Mehran Moradi
Keyword(s):  
Boltzmann Equation ◽  
Entropy Production ◽  
Physical Process ◽  
Large Volume ◽  
Statistical Physics ◽  
Configurational Entropy ◽  
Structure Equation ◽  
Dissipated Energy ◽  
Energy Structure ◽  
Energy Components

From the perspective of statistical physics (Boltzmann equation), configurational entropy can be calculated using the study of the microstates of the system. When a physical process is performed, identifying the entropy production can be used to investigate the irreversibility, but from the perspective of the Boltzmann equation, to study entropy production, both all microstates and macrostates must be studied. Therefore, a very large volume of calculations will be needed. In this report, using a new innovative energy structure equation, a new macroscopic component modeling is extracted to investigate the configurational irreversibility. To investigate the irreversibility in physical systems, the energy structure equation of the system can be studied in different paths. During performing a physical process, some activated energy components related to the reversible process and remain will be related to the irreversible process. In this report, also using a quasi-statistical approach, the structure of irreversible components is studied. When macroscopic energy components are the base of the equations, a very large volume of the needed calculations will be less than Boltzmann equation and in fact, studying all particles isn’t needed, but it is enough that a few macroscopic components to be investigated. Also, considering the theories of dissipated energy, the extracted equations have the same base as the different formulations of the second law of thermodynamics.

scholarly journals A Note on the Energy Structure Theory and Development for 2D Viscoelasticity

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Saeed Shahsavari ◽  
Mehran Moradi ◽  
Mehran Moradi ◽  
Navid Sayyar ◽  
Mehdi Kiani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Exchange ◽  
Structure Equation ◽  
Structure Theory ◽  
Energy Structure ◽  
Engineering Analysis ◽  
Scientific Applications ◽  
Physical Processes ◽  
Energy Component ◽  
General Physics ◽  
Energy Components

The basis of the Energy Structure Theory can be introduced in references [1-5] presented in 2020. Energy Structure Theory explains some new thermo-physical concepts including energy space, energy structure equation, dependent and independent energy components, irreversibility components, irreversibility structure, etc. Since this theory is presented considering the first and second laws of thermodynamics as well as energy components of the system as the basis of the energy structure equation, this theory can be expanded for a variety of the scientific applications. For example, in this note, we will try to introduce some of these scientific applications in general physics and engineering analysis. Also, using relevant concepts, 2D viscoelasticity problems will be studied. Also, the viscoelasticity and kinematic energy will be calculated for 2D viscoelasticity problems. Energy structure theory let us to study physical processes from the perspective of the componential energy exchange as well as independent and dependent energy component concept introduced by this theory.

scholarly journals On the Irreversibility in Mechanical Systems Using a New Macroscopic Energy Structure Modeling

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Saeed Shahsavari ◽  
Mehran Moradi ◽  
Morteza Esmaeilpour
Keyword(s):  
Irreversible Process ◽  
Statistical Approach ◽  
Mechanical Systems ◽  
Second Law Of Thermodynamics ◽  
Dissipated Energy ◽  
Second Law ◽  
Energy Structure ◽  
Performance Effects ◽  
New Energy ◽  
Energy Components

This paper presents a macroscopic applied innovate modeling to study the performance effects of the second law of thermodynamics on the mechanical systems. To investigate the irreversibility in mechanical systems, the energy structure of the system can be studied. Some energy components relate to the reversible processes and remaining relate to the irreversible process. Exiting models are based on the studying sub structures and therefore, need a large volume of the calculations. In this paper, at first, using a macroscopic quasi-statistical approach, a new energy structure equation is extracted and by examining it’s variation in the different paths, the irreversible components as well as their structures are studied. Using the kinematic theories of dissipated energy, it can be concluded that the extracted equations have the same base as the different formulations of the second law of thermodynamics. Finally, as a mechanical system example with the possibility of irreversibility in the possible performed processes, the extracted equations are developed for viscoelasticity problems. And also the matching of the results with expected results is shown.

The Boltzmann Equation and the H Theorem (1872–1875)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olivier Darrigol
Keyword(s):  
Heat Conduction ◽  
Boltzmann Equation ◽  
Transport Phenomena ◽  
Dilute Gas ◽  
The Boltzmann Equation ◽  
H Theorem ◽  
Irreversible Evolution

This chapter covers Boltzmann’s writings about the Boltzmann equation and the H theorem in the period 1872–1875, through which he succeeded in deriving the irreversible evolution of the distribution of molecular velocities in a dilute gas toward Maxwell’s distribution. Boltzmann also used his equation to improve on Maxwell’s theory of transport phenomena (viscosity, diffusion, and heat conduction). The bulky memoir of 1872 and the eponymous equation probably are Boltzmann’s most famous achievements. Despite the now often obsolete ways of demonstration, despite the lengthiness of the arguments, and despite hidden difficulties in the foundations, Boltzmann there displayed his constructive skills at their best.

Approach to Equilibrium, the H-Theorem and Irreversibility

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sauro Succi
Keyword(s):  
Boltzmann Equation ◽  
Detailed Knowledge ◽  
Approach To Equilibrium ◽  
The Boltzmann Equation ◽  
H Theorem ◽  
Irreversible Evolution

Like most of the greatest equations in science, the Boltzmann equation is not only beautiful but also generous. Indeed, it delivers a great deal of information without imposing a detailed knowledge of its solutions. In fact, Boltzmann himself derived most if not all of his main results without ever showing that his equation did admit rigorous solutions. This Chapter illustrates one of the most profound contributions of Boltzmann, namely the famous H-theorem, providing the first quantitative bridge between the irreversible evolution of the macroscopic world and the reversible laws of the underlying microdynamics.

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