Effect of Chlorpyrifos (An Organophosphate) on Biochemical Constituents of Fresh Water Cat Fish Heteropneustes fossilis

Piscicidal effects of several solvent extarcts (distilled water, 50% ethanol, absolute ethanol and 80% methanol) of Terminalia arjuna leaves, barks and fruits were studied against a common fresh water predatory fish, Heteropneustes fossilis under laboratory conditions in terms of Behavior and mortality of fishes after 24 h. Fishes exposed to plant extracts showed agitating movement with quick surfacing, loss of balance, mucus secretion, and finally died. The LC50 values of distilled water, 50% ethanol, absolute ethanol and 80% methanol extracts were found to be 311.726, 236.141, 183.541, 478.794 ppm for leaves, 117.894, 96.998, 38.990, 304.193 ppm for barks and 1400.033, 949.209, 555.201, 875.158 ppm for fruits, respectively. Chi-square values were found to be insignificant at P<0.05 in almost all plant extracts, indicating that observed and expected mortalities did not vary significantly in relation to doses, except 80% methanol extract of barks and absolute ethanol extract of fruits. The F-values of treatments were significant at P<0.01, except 80% methanol extract of fruits, in which F-values were insignificant in all replicates at P>0.01. Based on LC50 values, order of piscicidal activity followed the pattern, bark > leaf > fruit extracts. Order of piscicidal activity for the extracts was like absolute ethanol > 50% ethanol > distilled water > 80% methanol for leaf and bark, while for fruit extracts, trend was like absolute ethanol > 80% methanol > 50% ethanol > distilled water.

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A NEW CARYOPHYLLID CESTODE PSEUDOLYTOCESTUS JAGDISHII N.SP. FROM HETEROPNEUSTES FOSSILIS

FLORA AND FAUNA ◽

10.33451/florafauna.v25i1pp45-48 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 25 (1) ◽

Author(s):

ALOK PATHAK ◽

A.K. SRIVASTAV

Keyword(s):

Seminal Vesicle ◽

Fresh Water ◽

Morphological Study ◽

Uttar Pradesh ◽

Present Species ◽

Heteropneustes Fossilis ◽

Short Neck ◽

Internal Seminal Vesicle

A new cestode, Pseudolytocestus jagdishii n.sp. is described here from the intestine of fresh water catfishes, Heteropneustes fossilis at Muhana, District Jalaun, Uttar Pradesh, India. After morphological study of worm we reach on the conclusion that present species differs from all known species of genus Pseudolytocestus in the presence of larger worms, short neck, internal seminal vesicle, larger ovary lobes with equal wings and other characters.

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Brain Morphology and Feeding Habits of Some Fresh Water Teleosts of Nepal

International Journal of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology ◽

10.3126/ijasbt.v4i1.14586 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 79-81

Author(s):

Rajani Shrestha ◽

Sheetal Vaidya

Keyword(s):

Fresh Water ◽

Feeding Behaviour ◽

Feeding Habits ◽

Brain Morphology ◽

Gut Contents ◽

Sensory Adaptation ◽

Heteropneustes Fossilis ◽

Gut Content ◽

Teleost Brain ◽

Morphological Differences

External morphology of teleost brain is organized in such a way that it reflects the correlation between sensory adaptation and principal modes of activity very clearly. Channa gachua, Garra annandelei and Heteropneustes fossilis are among the 168 fresh water fishes recorded in Nepal. While examining the gut contents of these fishes, it was found that C. gachua fed primarily on insects, G. annandelei fed mainly on filamentous algae whereas H. fossilis fed both on plants and animals. Their brain morphology revealed that olfaction in C. gachua was stronger than in G. annandelei and H. fossilis. Similarly, optic sense was also more powerful in C. gachua than in G. annandelei and in H. fossilis. On the contrary, cerebellum of H. fossilis was more developed than that of G. annandelei and C. gachua. These morphological differences of brain could be undoubtedly correlated with the carnivorous, herbivorous and omnivorous feeding behaviour of C. gachua, G. annandelei and H. fossilis respectively. Moreover, in all three fishes, around 20% of the total gut content was made of mud and sand, and they all had inferior mouths, indicating that they were bottom feeders.Int J Appl Sci Biotechnol, Vol 4(1): 79-81

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