scholarly journals Establishment and Persistence of Field Sown North American Prairie Grasses in Southern England in Response to Mulching and Extensive Weed Management

2005 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Hitchmough ◽  
Emily Reid ◽  
Anna Dourado
Keyword(s):  
North American ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Schizachyrium Scoparium ◽  
Weed Competition ◽  
Urban Landscapes ◽  
Southern England ◽  
Prairie Grasses ◽  
North American Prairie

Abstract Establishment and management of North American prairie grasses by field sowing was investigated at the Royal Horticultural Society Garden at Wisley, Surrey, in Southern England. Untreated seed of little bluestem (Schizachyrium scoparium (Michx.) Nash); indian grass (Sorghastrum nutans (L.) Nash); and prairie dropseed (Sporobolus heterolepis (A.Gray) A.Gray.) was sown in May 1997 at 550 seeds/m2 onto topsoil plots (control), topsoil with charcoal mulch, and topsoil covered with transparent, perforated crop polyethylene post sowing. Highest percentage emergence was recorded in the clear polyethylene mulch followed by the charcoal mulch. Weed competition was managed by cutting to 75 mm (≅ 3 in) above the soil surface. Dry weight of prairie grass seedlings in October 1997 was strongly negatively correlated with percentage weed cover in June 1997. Despite the weed competition, on plots where sufficient seedlings survived, Schizachyrium and Sorghastrum were eventually able to dominate Agrostis stolonifera, the most abundant weed, when burnt annually in April. No regeneration of prairie grasses from self-sown seed was observed within the experimental treatments over an 8 year period. The application of this research to more sustainable horticultural practice in urban landscapes is discussed.

Influence of native North American prairie grasses on predation of an insect herbivore of potato

2012 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ben P. Werling ◽  
Jason Harmon ◽  
Cory Straub ◽  
Claudio Gratton
Keyword(s):  
North American ◽  
Insect Herbivore ◽  
Native North American ◽  
Prairie Grasses ◽  
North American Prairie

scholarly journals Sensitivity of imidazolinone-resistant red rice (Oryza sativa L.) to glyphosate and glufosinate

2015 ◽  
Vol 45 (9) ◽  
pp. 1557-1563 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guilherme Vestena Cassol ◽  
Luis Antonio de Avila ◽  
Carla Rejane Zemolin ◽  
Andrey Piveta ◽  
Dirceu Agostinetto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Integrated Weed Management ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Red Rice ◽  
Resistance Evolution ◽  
Logistic Analysis ◽  
Imidazolinone Herbicides

<p>Dose-response experiments were carried out to evaluate the sensitivity of imidazolinone-resistant red rice to nonselective herbicides currently used in rice-soybean rotation in Rio Grande do Sul. Two red rice biotypes previously identified as resistant and susceptible to the imidazolinone herbicides were treated with imazapic plus imazapic, glyphosate and glufosinate under nine herbicide rates. A non-linear log-logistic analysis was used to estimate the herbicide rate that provided 50% red rice control and dry weight reduction (GR<sub>50</sub>). Imidazolinone-resistant red rice exhibited greater GR<sub>50</sub> values than imidazolinone-susceptible biotype for imazapyr plus imazapic. In contrast, both imidazolinone-resistant and susceptible red rice showed similar GR<sub>50</sub>values for glyphosate and glufosinate. These results indicate that glyphosate and glufosinate effectively control imidazolinone-resistant red rice at similar herbicide rates used to control imidazolinone-susceptible; however, integrated weed management practices must be adopted in rice-soybean rotation to delay resistance evolution of red rice populations to glyphosate and glufosinate</p>

scholarly journals Effect of duration of weed competition and weed control on the yield of Indian spinach

1970 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 623-629 ◽  
Author(s):  
MSA Khan ◽  
MA Hossain ◽  
M Nurul Islam ◽  
SN Mahfuza ◽  
MK Uddin
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Critical Period ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Cyperus Rotundus ◽  
Weed Competition ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Maximum Benefit ◽  
Hand Weeding ◽  
Crop Weed Competition

Field experiments were conducted at the research farm of Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur during kharif-1 (March to July) seasons of 2005 and 2006 to identify the critical period of crop-weed competition for Indian spinach. Major weed species were Paspalurn commersoni, Echinochlaa crusgalli. Lie nv/nc india. Cyanotis axillaris and Cyperus rotundus. The lowest weed dry matter was 76.3 g m-2 in 2005 and l01.60 g m-2 in 2006 from the plots weeded up to 40 days after transplanting (DAT). The highest yields were obtained (74.82 t ha in 2005 and 48.48 t ha in 2006) from the weed free plots. The fresh yield of Indian spinach did not vary among no weeding upto 20, 30 and 40 DAT in 2006. But weeded plot upto 30 and 40 DAT produced identical yield in 2005. Maximum BCR (4.52) was obtained from weeded plots upto 30 DAT in 2005 but BCR (2.60) was same from weeded upto 30 and 40 DA F in 2006. On an average, highest BCR (3.55) was recorded from weeding upto 30 DAT. Results revealed that the critical period of crop weed competition lies between 20 and 30 DAT and two times hand weeding would be necessary within 30 DAT for maximum benefit. Key Words: Crop-weed competitions, critical period, weed management and Indian spinach. doi: 10.3329/bjar.v33i4.2306 Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 33(4) : 623-629, December 2008

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