Strategies of Children during Performance of a Self-Paced Activity

1974 ◽  
Vol 38 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1211-1217
Author(s):  
Larry E. Foster ◽  
Michael J. Ellis
Keyword(s):  
Stopping Time ◽  
Bicycle Ergometer ◽  
Work Rate ◽  
Quality Of Work ◽  
Testing Period ◽  
The Stability

This study asked whether children, when performing self-paced work, would stop to rest rather than slow the work rate, as has been demonstrated in adults. 6 boys were tested individually for four testing periods during a self-paced bicycle ergometer ride. Eight characteristics of self-paced activity were computed and analyzed for each testing period. The characteristics were analyzed in a trials-subjects design to determine the stability of their strategies for accomplishing a fixed quality of work. It was determined that the total ride time and rate were held relatively constant with an increase or decrease in the number of stops and/or the total stopping time.

scholarly journals PAR Index in the Evaluation of the Stability of the Orthodontic Treatment Results. A Review

2006 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 203-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chaitra Ramanathan
Keyword(s):  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Treatment Results ◽  
Quality Of Work ◽  
Par Index ◽  
The Stability ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Individual Scores ◽  
The Impact

The evaluation of the treatment results is normally done to estimate the nature and quality of work, so that justice can be done to the work that we do and also that the patients will be satisfied. The primary motive of every orthodontist should be to treat the patient effectively and successfully with long lasting results. Thus the patients are to be assessed, using an appropriate method. PAR index was developed in the recent years to evaluate the treatment results and it is considered as a simple, objective and a reliable manner for evaluating the stability after orthodontic treatment. The index can be applied to different components of the dentition and scores are applied to each component after which the individual scores are multiplied with their respective weightings to balance the impact of the individual components of the overall result. They are then summed up to establish an overall total. In this manner, the method was carried out for the study casts of the three different phases of the treatment i.e. before the onset of the treatment, immediately after treatment and 2 years after treatment for assessing the stability after orthodontic treatment.

scholarly journals Supine vs upright exercise in patients with hepatopulmonary syndrome and orthodeoxia: study protocol for a randomized controlled crossover trial

Trials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Harsh Parikh ◽  
Eric Lui ◽  
Marie E. Faughnan ◽  
Abdul Al-Hesayen ◽  
Stephanie Segovia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Liver Transplantation ◽  
Exercise Capacity ◽  
Crossover Trial ◽  
Stopping Time ◽  
Hepatopulmonary Syndrome ◽  
Upright Position ◽  
Work Rate ◽  
Randomized Controlled

Abstract Background The hepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS) is a pulmonary complication of liver disease found in 10 to 32% of patients with cirrhosis and is characterized by intrapulmonary vascular dilatations and abnormal oxygenation. Liver transplantation is the only effective therapy for this disease. Patients with HPS have significant exercise limitations, impacting their quality of life and associated with poor liver transplant outcomes. Many patients with HPS exhibit orthodeoxia—an improvement in oxygenation in the supine compared to the upright position. We hypothesize that exercise capacity will be superior in the supine compared to the upright position in such patients. Methods We propose a randomized controlled crossover trial in patients with moderate HPS (PaO2 < 80 mmHg) and orthodeoxia (supine to upright PaO2 decrease > 4 mmHg) comparing the effect of supine vs upright position on exercise. Patients with pulmonary hypertension, FEV1/FVC ratio < 0.65, significant coronary artery disease, disorders preventing or contraindicating use of a cycle ergometer, and/or moderate or severe ascites will be excluded. Participants will be randomized to cycle ergometry in either the supine or upright position. After a short washout period (a minimum of 1 day to a maximum of 4 weeks), participants will crossover and perform an exercise in the alternate position. Exercise will be performed at a constant work rate of 70–85% of the predicted peak work rate until the “stopping time” is reached, defined by exhaustion, profound desaturation, or safety concerns (drop in systolic blood pressure or life-threatening arrhythmia). The primary outcome will be the difference in the stopping time between exercise positions, compared with a repeated measures analysis of variance method with a mixed effects model approach. The model will be adjusted for period effects. P < 0.05 will be considered statistically significant. Discussion HPS patients have hypoxemia leading to significant exercise limitations. If our study is positive, a supine exercise regimen could become a routine prescription for patients with HPS and orthodeoxia, enabling them to exercise more effectively. Future studies could explore the corresponding effects of a supine exercise training regimen on physiologic variables such as long-term exercise capacity, quality of life, dyspnea, and liver transplantation outcomes. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov Protocol Registration and Results System (PRS) NCT04004104. Registered on 1 July 2019

The resurgence of gig work: Historical and theoretical perspectives

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 382-401 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jim Stanford
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Business Model ◽  
Theoretical Perspective ◽  
Employment Relationship ◽  
Work Organisation ◽  
Quality Of Work ◽  
Theoretical Perspectives ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Standard Employment Relationship

Digital platform businesses primarily utilise on-call contingent workers, using their own tools and equipment, to perform the productive work associated with the supplied service. The expansion of this business model has led some to proclaim that traditional ‘jobs’ will come to an end. Some welcome this development, others fear its consequences for the stability and quality of work – but most see it as driven primarily by technology, and therefore largely ‘inevitable’. This article provides historical and theoretical perspective on the expansion of digitally mediated work, to better understand the range of forces (technological, economic and socio-political) at work. It shows that the major features of platform work were all visible in earlier periods of capitalism, but they became less prominent with the rise of the ‘standard employment relationship’ in the 20th century. The rise and fall of the standard employment relationship is described with reference to the changing context for the labour extraction effort of private employers. A better understanding of the complete range of forces driving changes in work organisation, and a rejection of the assumption that they are technologically determined and hence inevitable, can inform regulatory and political responses to the rise of platform work.

scholarly journals Supine Versus Upright Exercise in Patients With Hepatopulmonary Syndrome and Orthodeoxia: Study Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Crossover Trial

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harsh Parikh ◽  
Eric Lui ◽  
Marie E Faughnan ◽  
Abdul Al-Hesayen ◽  
Stephanie Segovia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Liver Transplantation ◽  
Exercise Capacity ◽  
Stopping Time ◽  
Hepatopulmonary Syndrome ◽  
Upright Position ◽  
Work Rate ◽  
Exercise Limitation ◽  
Randomized Controlled

Abstract Background: The hepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS) is a pulmonary complication of liver disease found in 10 to 32% of patients with cirrhosis and characterized by intrapulmonary vascular dilatations and abnormal oxygenation. Liver transplantation is the only effective therapy for this disease. Patients with HPS have significant exercise limitation, impacting their quality of life and associated with poor liver transplant outcomes. Many patients with HPS exhibit orthodeoxia – an improvement in oxygenation in the supine compared to the upright position. We hypothesize that exercise capacity will be superior in the supine compared to the upright position in such patients.Methods: We propose a randomized controlled cross-over trial in patients with HPS and orthodeoxia, comparing the effect of supine versus upright position on exercise. Participants will be randomized to cycle ergometry in either the supine or upright position, followed by a crossover to the alternate position after a minimum of 1 day to a maximum of 4 weeks. Exercise will be performed at a constant work rate of 70-85% of the predicted peak work rate until the “stopping time” is reached, defined by exhaustion, profound desaturation, or safety concerns (drop in systolic blood pressure or life-threatening arrhythmia). The primary outcome will be the difference in stopping time between exercise positions.Discussion: HPS patients have hypoxemia leading to significant exercise limitation. If our study is positive, a supine exercise regimen could become a routine prescription for patients with HPS and orthodeoxia, enabling them to exercise more effectively. Future studies could explore the corresponding effects of a supine exercise training regimen on physiologic variables such as long-term exercise capacity, quality of life, dyspnea, and liver transplantation outcomes. Trial registration: The ClinicalTrials.gov Protocol Registration and Results System (PRS): NCT04004104. Registered on 1st July 2019. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04004104

Leiden Quality of Work Life Questionnaire for Nurses

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanya I. Gelsema ◽  
Margot van der Doef ◽  
Stan Maes ◽  
Simone Akerboom ◽  
Chris Verhoeven
Keyword(s):  
Work Life ◽  
Quality Of Work Life ◽  
Life Questionnaire ◽  
Quality Of Work

Criteria for evaluation of the coordinate measurements quality of parts geometric parameters at pilot-experimental production

2019 ◽  
pp. 3-8
Author(s):  
N.Yu. Bobrovskaya ◽  
M.F. Danilov
Keyword(s):  
Quality Indicators ◽  
Quality Management System ◽  
Technical Specification ◽  
Experimental Production ◽  
Technological Heredity ◽  
Coordinate Measurements ◽  
Reasonable Choice ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Geometric Elements

The criteria of the coordinate measurements quality at pilot-experimental production based on contemporary methods of quality management system and traditional methods of the measurements quality in Metrology are considered. As an additional criterion for quality of measurements, their duration is proposed. Analyzing the problem of assessing the quality of measurements, the authors pay particular attention to the role of technological heredity in the analysis of the sources of uncertainty of coordinate measurements, including not only the process of manufacturing the part, but all stages of the development of design and technological documentation. Along with such criteria as the degree of confidence in the results of measurements; the accuracy, convergence, reproducibility and speed of the results must take into account the correctness of technical specification, and such characteristics of the shape of the geometric elements to be controlled, such as flatness, roundness, cylindrical. It is noted that one of the main methods to reduce the uncertainty of coordinate measurements is to reduce the uncertainty in the initial data and measurement conditions, as well as to increase the stability of the tasks due to the reasonable choice of the basic geometric elements (measuring bases) of the part. A prerequisite for obtaining reliable quality indicators is a quantitative assessment of the conditions and organization of the measurement process. To plan and normalize the time of measurements, the authors propose to use analytical formulas, on the basis of which it is possible to perform quantitative analysis and optimization of quality indicators, including the speed of measurements.

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