The “Style Scheme” Grounds Perception of Paintings

2002 ◽  
Vol 95 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camilo J. Cela-Conde ◽  
Gisèle Marty ◽  
Enric Munar ◽  
Marcos Nadal ◽  
Lucrecia Burges
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Signal Detection ◽  
Signal Detection Theory ◽  
Visual Stimuli ◽  
Van Gogh ◽  
Popular Art ◽  
History Of Art ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Representational Pictures

We studied the formation of style scheme (identification of the style that characterizes an artist) presenting 100 participants aesthetic visual stimuli. Participants were Spanish university students who volunteered: 72 women, 28 men of mean age 22.8 yr. Among those 50 were enrolled in History of Art and 50 students in Psychology. Stimuli belonged to different categories—High Art (pictures of well-known artists, like Van Gogh)/Popular Art (decorative pictures like Christmas postcards) and Representational (pictures with explicit meaning content, like a landscape)/Abstract (pictures without explicit meaning content, like Pollock's colored stains). Analysis using Signal Detection Theory techniques focused on how participants discriminate representational and abstract pictures. With High An stimuli, participants can better discriminate representational paintings than abstract ones. However, the difference in discrimination between representational and abstract pictures diminishes among participants studying History of Art. It seems that prior education in art favors forming style schemes and to some extent enables the participant to detect the “meaning” in High Art abstract paintings.

Prologue

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Emison
Keyword(s):  
Folk Art ◽  
Fine Art ◽  
Combined Effect ◽  
Emotional Life ◽  
Popular Art ◽  
History Of Art ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Difference

Cinema began primarily as a folk art, and remained a popular art, so there tended to be a considerable gulf between film and fine art. The history of cinema often exhibits a casual attitude toward stylistic innovation, while the history of art has traditionally tended to emphasize exactly that. The combined effect has tended to exaggerate the difference between the two traditions. Yet they do not operate in total isolation. The makers of cinema, even if scarcely students of the history of art, have absorbed certain of its precepts and examples. The emotional life prompted and supported by the new narrative imagery was crucial to the development of Renaissance sensibilities; cinema constituted a new chapter in this kind of enhancement. In both cases, effusive delight was expressed for the new imagery.

Attempted suicide in Oxford University students, 1976–1990

1995 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 179-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith Hawton ◽  
Rex Haigh ◽  
Sue Simkin ◽  
Joan Fagg
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Attempted Suicide ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Academic Problems ◽  
Oxford University ◽  
Course Work ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Academic Year

SynopsisDuring the 14 years between the beginning of academic year 1976–7 and the end of academic year 1989–90, 216 Oxford University students (119 females and 97 males) were referred to the general hospital in Oxford because of suicide attempts (254 in all). The rate of attempted suicide during university term-time (106/100000) was lower than in other young people of similar age in Oxford City (164/100000). The difference was particularly marked in females (178/100000 v. 269/100000). The lower rate in the students may in part reflect their generally higher socio-economic status. Very few of the attempts by the students appeared to be failed suicides. The most frequent problems faced by the students at the time of their attempts were interpersonal, especially difficulties regarding partners, followed by academic problems. The latter were usually problems with ongoing course work rather than with the Finals examinations. Approximately a quarter of the students had psychiatric problems, with personality disorders and depression being most common. At least 30% had a history of previous attempts. Suggestions are made concerning measures for improving the management and prevention of attempted suicide by students.

scholarly journals The conflict of Van Gogh's and Malevich's aesthetical conceptions

2021 ◽  
Vol 266 ◽  
pp. 05005
Author(s):  
I.D. Repin ◽  
M.A. Vasilyeva
Keyword(s):  
Van Gogh ◽  
Vincent Van Gogh ◽  
History Of Art ◽  
History Of

The conflict arises when comparing the creative path of Vincent van Gogh with the views of Kazimir Malevich will be examined in this article. The authors have used painting and writings of both artists to better understand their ideas and aesthetics approaches when considering this conflict. A comparison of their positions reveals a distinction that becomes very important for understanding of Malevich's view on the history of art and the observations of his articles

scholarly journals Evaluating the vocational thoughts of university students about the departments they are studying

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 2643
Author(s):  
Özlem Karakuş
Keyword(s):  
Social Work ◽  
Public Sector ◽  
University Students ◽  
Mate Selection ◽  
Mechanical Engineering ◽  
English Language ◽  
Employment Opportunities ◽  
Language And Literature ◽  
History Of Art ◽  
History Of

The aim of this study is to reveal the vocational thoughts of university students about departments they are studying. The sample of the study consists of 1040 students; 608 (60,6%) of them are female, and 396 (39,4%) of them are male students who are studying in the different faculties of the Selçuk University (Health Sciences, Law, Veterinary, Collage of Science, Faculty of Letters, Communication, Agriculture, Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, Engineering),and they selectedby random sampling method. The average of age of the students is varying between 19 and 39. The average of age is 22. During the data collection phrase “Demographic Information Form”; during the evaluation of the data frequency polygon is used.At the end of the study it is detected that 743 (74%) of the students are willingly, and 261 (26%) of the students are unwillingly came to the department they are studying. Also; the uneasiest situation for the students’ future is to not find a job for 492 (49,0%) of them, financial difficulties for 282 (28,1%) of them, mate selection for 230 (22,9%) of them. At the same time, it is confirmed that 679 (67,6%) of the students want to work in public sector, and 325 (32,4%) of them want to work in private sector after graduation. It is seen that 198 (19,7%) of the students define unemployment as not to find a job in public sector, and 806 (80,3%) of them define unemployment as not to earn income. 458 (45,6%) of the students who participated to study are pleased with the employment opportunities, but 546 (54,4%) of them are not. It is detected that students of the departments of Social Work, English Language and Literature, Civil and Mechanical Engineering are pleased with employment opportunities after graduation, but the students of the departments of Statistic, Biology, Chemistry, History of Art, Sociology are not. Also, 395 (39,3%) of the students stated that they think they will be unemployed when they graduated, 609 (60,7%) of them do not think they are going to be an unemployed; departments of Social Work, English Language and Literature, Civil and Mechanical Engineering students stated that they are not going to become unemployed when they graduated,but the students of the departments of Statistic, Biology, Chemistry, History of Art, Sociology stated that they are going to become unemployed.Most of the university students choose their departments willingly. What makes university students anxious most is being unemployed.  Students want to work in public sector when they graduate. For the unemployment anxiety that students are experiencing, state has to develop new policies related with employment. In order to make students believe that they would find job easily, apart from the departments they enroll in, alternative ways for career development can be provided.

scholarly journals An Item Response Model for True–False Exams Based on Signal Detection Theory

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 234-248
Author(s):  
Lawrence T. DeCarlo
Keyword(s):  
Signal Detection ◽  
Item Response ◽  
Signal Detection Theory ◽  
Detection Theory ◽  
Item Response Model ◽  
Irt Models ◽  
The Difference ◽  
True Signal ◽  
True False

A true–false exam can be viewed as being a signal detection task—the task is to detect whether or not an item is true (signal) or false (noise). In terms of signal detection theory (SDT), examinees can be viewed as performing the task by comparing the perceived plausibility of an item (a perceptual component) to a threshold that delineates true from false (a decision component). The resulting model is distinct yet is related to item response theory (IRT) models and grade of membership models, with the difference that SDT explicitly recognizes the role of examinees’ perceptions in determining their response to an item. SDT also views IRT concepts such as “difficulty” and “guessing” in a different light, in that both are viewed as reflecting the same aspect—item bias. An application to a true–false algebra exam is presented and the various models are compared.

So, Whatever Happened to Signal Detection Theory?

1995 ◽  
Vol 40 (10) ◽  
pp. 972-972
Author(s):  
Jerome R. Busemeyer
Keyword(s):  
Signal Detection ◽  
Signal Detection Theory ◽  
Detection Theory
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