scholarly journals The influence of large-scale climatic patterns on precipitation, temperature, and discharge in Czech river basins

2013 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 278-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Václav Šípek
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Lead Time ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Late Summer ◽  
River Basins ◽  
Winter Period ◽  
Sea Level Pressure ◽  
Precipitation Temperature ◽  
Teleconnection Patterns

Abstract The present study focuses on the possible influence of large-scale climatic patterns on precipitation, temperature, and discharge in two distinct river basins in the Czech Republic. The first one is a flat lowland basin of the Cidlina River and the second one represents a more mountainous type of climate (the Blanice River). The large-scale climatic patterns used comprise monthly averages of teleconnection patterns, sea level pressure values, and two geopotential heights (850 hPa and 500 hPa). The correlations for corresponding months and also up to a three months lead time were investigated. The relations concerning the corresponding months proved to be most reliable in the winter period of the year. The behaviour of both selected river basins with respect to these predictors is rather similar in character. However, higher values of correlation coefficients are reached in the case of the Cidlina River basin. Considering the prediction abilities with a certain lead time, the results seem to be more promising for the winter and spring periods in both basins. In the Cidlina River basin, they are likely to be beneficial also for the late summer and autumn period.

Using large-scale climatic patterns for improving long lead time streamflow forecasts for Gunnison and San Juan River Basins

2012 ◽  
Vol 27 (11) ◽  
pp. 1543-1559 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ajay Kalra ◽  
William P. Miller ◽  
Kenneth W. Lamb ◽  
Sajjad Ahmad ◽  
Thomas Piechota
Keyword(s):  
Lead Time ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
River Basins ◽  
San Juan ◽  
Streamflow Forecasts ◽  
San Juan River

scholarly journals The relationship between seasonal snow cover in Japan and recent climatic change

1993 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 166-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Motori Nishimori ◽  
Ryuichi Kawamura
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
The Sea Of Japan ◽  
Atmospheric Circulation Patterns ◽  
Teleconnection Patterns ◽  
Circulation Patterns ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Seasonal Snow Cover ◽  
Rotated Empirical Orthogonal Function

Atmospheric circulation patterns associated with snowfall fluctuations in Japan are examined using a rotated empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis. We also compute correlation coefficients between the scores of EOF modes in the 500 hPa geopotential height field of the Northern Hemisphere (NH) and amounts of snowfall in Japan on annual, monthly and pentad time scales. It is found that recent variability of snowfall amount in Japan is closely related to the long-term variations of large-scale circulation patterns. It is suggested that the dominance of teleconnection patterns such as Pacific/North American (PNA) and Northern Asian (NA) are responsible for the increase of snowfall in the coastal regions of the Sea of Japan during the cold period for Japan (1977–86).

scholarly journals Influence of finite-time Lyapunov exponents on winter precipitation over the Iberian Peninsula

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Garaboa-Paz ◽  
Nieves Lorenzo ◽  
Vicente Pérez-Muñuzuri
Keyword(s):  
Iberian Peninsula ◽  
Lyapunov Exponents ◽  
Finite Time ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Winter Precipitation ◽  
Seasonal Forecasts ◽  
Sea Level Pressure ◽  
Teleconnection Patterns ◽  
Finite Time Lyapunov Exponents ◽  
Eastern Atlantic Ocean

Abstract. Seasonal forecasts have improved during the last decades, mostly due to an increase in understanding of the coupled ocean–atmosphere dynamics, and the development of models able to predict the atmosphere variability. Correlations between different teleconnection patterns and severe weather in different parts of the world are constantly evolving and changing. This paper evaluates the connection between winter precipitation over the Iberian Peninsula and the large-scale tropospheric mixing over the eastern Atlantic Ocean. Finite-time Lyapunov exponents (FTLEs) have been calculated from 1979 to 2008 to evaluate this mixing. Our study suggests that significant negative correlations exist between summer FTLE anomalies and winter precipitation over Portugal and Spain. To understand the mechanisms behind this correlation, summer anomalies of the FTLE have also been correlated with other climatic variables such as the sea surface temperature (SST), the sea level pressure (SLP) or the geopotential. The East Atlantic (EA) teleconnection index correlates with the summer FTLE anomalies, confirming their role as a seasonal predictor for winter precipitation over the Iberian Peninsula.

The Watershed Architecture of the Mississippi River Basin

2021 ◽  
pp. 205301962198908
Author(s):  
Derek Hoeferlin
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Mississippi River ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
River Basins ◽  
Mississippi River Basin ◽  
River Systems ◽  
Design Decisions ◽  
Anthropogenic Stressors ◽  
Object Of Study

Designers have a three-part responsibility owed to their object of study: to appreciate, to speculate, and to collaborate. This is particularly true for the professional engagement with spaces on the scale of river basins which impact and prioritize certain design decisions on a whole different level. Adequate responses to the ongoing transformations brought forward by large-scale anthropogenic stressors across entire river systems cannot continue to be dominated with hardline and static interventions. Rather, there is a need for alternative outsets, one that begins to design with adaptive and dynamic negotiations. By looking at the example of the Mississippi River Basin, this essay proposes a new integrated water-based design methodology titled “Way Beyond Bigness: The Need for a Watershed Architecture,” an interdisciplinary strategy to rethink the management of river systems for a sustainable future.

scholarly journals Hortonian Scaling of Coupled Hydrological and Biogeochemical Responses Across an Intensively Managed River Basin

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soohyun Yang ◽  
Enrico Bertuzzo ◽  
Dietrich Borchardt ◽  
P. Suresh C. Rao
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Analytical Model ◽  
Spatial Patterns ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
River Basins ◽  
Nutrient Loads ◽  
Biogeochemical Processes ◽  
Anthropogenic Pressures ◽  
Human Settlements

Structural and functional attributes across fractal river networks have been characterized by well-established and consistent hierarchical, Hortonian scaling patterns. In most of the global river basins, spatial patterns of human settlements also conform to similar hierarchical scaling. However, emergent spatial hierarchical patterns and scaling of heterogeneous anthropogenic nutrient loads over a river basin are less known. As a case study, we examined here a large intensely managed river basin in Germany (Weser River; 46K km2; 8M population). Archived data for point-/diffuse-sources of total Phosphorus (Ptot) input loads were combined with numerical and analytical model simulations of coupled hydrological and biogeochemical processes for in-stream Ptot removal at the network scale. We find that Ptot input loads scale exponentially over stream-orders, with the larger scaling constant for point-source loads from urban agglomerations compared to those for diffuse-source contributions from agricultural and forested areas. These differences in scaling patterns result from hierarchical self-organization of human settlements, and the associated clustering of large-scale, altered land-cover. Fraction of Ptot loads removed through in-stream biogeochemical processes also manifests Hortonian scaling, consistent with predictions of an analytical model. Our analyses show that while smaller streams are more efficient in Ptot removal, in larger streams the magnitude of Ptot loads removed is higher. These trends are consistent with inverse scaling of nutrient removal rate constant with mean discharge, and downstream clustering of larger cumulative input loads. Analyses of six nested sub-basins within the Weser River Basin also reveal similar scaling patterns. Our findings are useful for projecting likely water-quality spatial patterns in similar river basins in Germany, and Central Europe. Extensions and generalizations require further examination of diverse basins with archetype spatial heterogeneities in anthropogenic pressures and hydroclimatic settings.

scholarly journals The relationship between seasonal snow cover in Japan and recent climatic change

1993 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 166-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Motori Nishimori ◽  
Ryuichi Kawamura
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
The Sea Of Japan ◽  
Atmospheric Circulation Patterns ◽  
Teleconnection Patterns ◽  
Circulation Patterns ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Seasonal Snow Cover ◽  
Rotated Empirical Orthogonal Function

Atmospheric circulation patterns associated with snowfall fluctuations in Japan are examined using a rotated empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis. We also compute correlation coefficients between the scores of EOF modes in the 500 hPa geopotential height field of the Northern Hemisphere (NH) and amounts of snowfall in Japan on annual, monthly and pentad time scales. It is found that recent variability of snowfall amount in Japan is closely related to the long-term variations of large-scale circulation patterns. It is suggested that the dominance of teleconnection patterns such as Pacific/North American (PNA) and Northern Asian (NA) are responsible for the increase of snowfall in the coastal regions of the Sea of Japan during the cold period for Japan (1977–86).

scholarly journals Glacial Change and Its Hydrological Response in Three Inland River Basins in the Qilian Mountains, Western China

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 2213
Author(s):  
Guohua Liu ◽  
Rensheng Chen ◽  
Kailu Li
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Water Resource ◽  
Water Resource Management ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Water Security ◽  
River Basins ◽  
Western China ◽  
Heihe River ◽  
Glacial Meltwater ◽  
Inland River

Glacial changes have great effects on regional water security because they are an important component of glacierized basin runoff. However, these impacts have not yet been integrated and evaluated in the arid/semiarid inland river basins of western China. Based on the degree-day glacier model, glacier changes and their hydrologic effects were studied in 12 subbasins in the Shiyang River basin (SYRB), Heihe River basin (HHRB) and Shule River basin (SLRB). The results showed that the glacier area of each subbasin decreased by 16.7–61.7% from 1965 to 2020. By the end of this century, the glacier areas in the three basins will be reduced by 64.4%, 72.0% and 83.4% under the three climate scenarios, and subbasin glaciers will disappear completely after the 2070s even under RCP2.6. Glacial runoff in all subbasins showed a decreasing–increasing–decreasing trend, with peak runoff experienced in 11 subbasins during 1965~2020. The contribution of glacial meltwater to total runoff in the basin ranged from 1.3% to 46.8% in the past, and it will decrease in the future due to increasing precipitation and decreasing glacial meltwater. However, the scale differences in glacier runoff are significant when aggregated over the region/basin/subbasin. This suggests that the results of large-scale generalization may be misleading for subbasin glacier water resource evaluations. Therefore, the hydrological effects of glaciers should be studied more in subbasins to provide an accurate reference for practical water resource management.

Irrigation improvement projects in Tanzania; scale impacts and policy implications

Water Policy ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce Lankford
Keyword(s):  
River Basin ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
River Basins ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
River Basin Scale ◽  
Basin Scale ◽  
Smallholder Irrigation

Observations in Tanzania indicate that the improvement of traditional smallholder irrigation does not necessarily result in improved water performance, greater equity and reduced conflict. The usual outcomes of such projects is a gain in water for the system being upgraded, especially if located upstream, accompanied by less ability to share water at the river basin scale. This paper concludes that these projects do not commonly understand, match and respond to the complexities of well-developed and evolving smallholder irrigation found in multi-user river basins. Without re-appraisal, the risk is that donors will be unsuccessful with smallholder irrigation and turn away from this sector, as they did with large-scale irrigation.

scholarly journals Links between Teleconnection Patterns and Water Level Regime of Selected Polish Lakes

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Plewa ◽  
Adam Perz ◽  
Dariusz Wrzesiński
Keyword(s):  
North Atlantic ◽  
Lake Water ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Winter Period ◽  
East Atlantic ◽  
Teleconnection Patterns ◽  
Hierarchical Grouping ◽  
Level Regime ◽  
Circulation Indices

The paper identifies relationships between lake water levels and indices of macroscale atmospheric circulations: Arctic Oscillation (AO), North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), East Atlantic (EA), and Scandinavian pattern (SCAND). Correlation coefficients between synchronous and asynchronous series of monthly water levels and 4 circulation indices were calculated. Based on Ward hierarchical grouping considering 156 correlation coefficients, the groups of lakes were designated due to the strength and term of relation of circulation indices with lake water levels. It was found that these links are not strong but noticeable. The strength of relationships varies in space and time, and the designated groups of lakes refer not only to the climatic diversity of the studied area, but also to some extent to the types of water levels regime. The observed relationships are the most important in the case of AO and NAO (particularly in winter period), and slightly weaker for EA and SCAND. The analysis used mean monthly water levels of 15 lakes in northern Poland from 1976–2015.

scholarly journals Bias correction demonstration in two of the Indian Himalayan river basins

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. P. Dimri
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Field ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Bias Correction ◽  
Climate Models ◽  
River Basins ◽  
Climate Impact ◽  
Systematic Bias ◽  
Western Himalayas ◽  
Precipitation Temperature ◽  
Basin Scale

Abstract There is imperative need of robust basin-scale data for climate impact studies over the topographically varying and landuse heterogenous river basins in the Indian Himalayan Region (IHR). Even finer resolution regional climate models’ (RCMs) information is elusive for these purposes. Based on available model fields and corresponding in-situ observed fields, bias correction for precipitation over Upper Ganga River Basin (UGRB) and temperature over Satluj River Basin (SRB) is demonstrated. These chosen river basins are in central and western Himalayas, respectively. Model precipitation (temperature) field from RegCM4.7 (REMO) and corresponding observed precipitation (temperature) field from nine (eight) stations of UGRB (SRB) are considered. Empirical quantile mapping (inverse function method) method is used. It is seen that each model has a distinct systematic bias relating to both precipitation and temperature means with respect to their corresponding observed means. Applying bias correction methods to the model fields resulted in reducing these mean biases and other errors. These findings illustrate handling and improving the model fields for hydrology, glaciology studies, etc.

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