Antioxidant status, and blood zinc and copper concentrations in dogs with uncomplicated babesiosis due to Babesia canis infections

Abstract Introduction The aim of the study was to demonstrate a link between uncomplicated Babesia canis infection in dogs and blood concentrations of zinc and copper and erythrocytic antioxidant defence – activities of glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT). Material and Methods The study was based on 15 naturally occurring cases of canine babesiosis with anorexia, pyrexia, depression, pale mucous membrane, splenomegaly and dark red urine. Microscopic examination of Giemsa-stained peripheral blood smears and the results of PCR confirmed B. canis infection. Seven apparently healthy dogs brought in for either a check-up or vaccination were used for comparison. Results The levels of the erythrocytic antioxidant enzymes - SOD and CAT - were significantly higher in the infected dogs than in cytologically negative dogs. The levels of blood micronutrients were significantly lower in the infected dogs (0.478 μg of zinc per mL vs 1.241 μg/mL and 0.722 μg of copper per mL vs 1.392 μg/mL). Conclusion Oxidative stress can be posited as one of the mechanisms leading to anaemia in dogs with babesiosis, and therefore antioxidant biomarker and copper and zinc concentrations could be used as indicators of disease severity and prognostic markers.

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Malondialdehyde levels in serum of dogs infected with Babesia canis

Veterinární Medicína ◽

10.17221/77/2010-vetmed ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 55 (No. 4) ◽

pp. 163-171 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

M. Crnogaj ◽

R. Petlevski ◽

V. Mrljak ◽

I. Kis ◽

M. Torti ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Statistical Difference ◽

Nitrogen Concentration ◽

Laboratory Data ◽

Polymerase Chain Reaction Method ◽

Babesia Canis ◽

Mild Disease ◽

Significant Statistical Difference ◽

Blood Smears ◽

Healthy Dogs ◽

Polymerase Chain

Babesiosis is a common tick born disease of dogs in tropical and subtropical regions of the world caused by different species of Babesia. The aim of the present study was to confirm the presence of oxidative stress by examining serum malondialdehyde (MDA), an end product of lipid peroxidation, in 35 dogs naturally infected with Babesia canis (B. canis). MDA was examined in 14 healthy dogs as well. Blood smears were prepared from peripheral blood and they showed the presence of B. canis in infected dogs. B. canis was confirmed using the PCR (Polymerase chain reaction) method. On the basis of clinical and laboratory data the 35 infected dogs were clinically classified into two groups, complicated (seven dogs) and uncomplicated (28 dogs). The noted complications were renal dysfunction (5/7), hepatic dysfunction (3/7), muscular involvement (2/7) and ARDS (1/7). Levels of blood urea nitrogen concentration (BUN), creatinin, total bilirubin, alanin aminotranspherase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (AP), and gammaglutamil aminotranspherase (GGT) were significantly increased in dogs with complicated versus uncomplicated babesiosis. Furthermore the uncomplicated group of dogs was, depending on the severity of anaemia, classified as suffering from severe, moderate or mild disease. Levels of serum MDA were significantly higher in sick dogs (36.90 μmol/l ± 13.95) than healthy animals (8.13 μmol/l ± 1.78). There was no significant statistical difference in serum MDA levels between dogs with complicated (38.48 μmol/l ± 12.11) and uncomplicated babesiosis (36.50 μmol/l ± 14.55). Comparison of the groups based on the severity of anaemia showed that there was no significant statistical difference in serum MDA levels between them. The study demonstrated the involvement of oxidative damage in dogs naturally infected with B. canis.

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ON THE DOG BABESIASIS AND MEASURES OF ITS PREVENTION AND TREATMENT

10.31016/978-5-9902341-5-4.2020.21.234-239 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 234-239

Author(s):

Movsesyan ◽

Petrosyan ◽

Vardanyan ◽

Nykogosyan ◽

Manukyan

Keyword(s):

Clinical Symptoms ◽

Rhipicephalus Sanguineus ◽

Ixodid Ticks ◽

Smear Microscopy ◽

Babesia Canis ◽

Intensity Of Infection ◽

Hunting Dogs ◽

Blood Smears ◽

Forest Mountain ◽

Peripheral Blood Smears

A haemoparasitic disease, babesiasis was studied in dogs, brought to the Laura Dog Club, located in Yerevan city. Work in this direction was conducted from midApril till the end of November 2019. 25 working and hunting dogs, and 5 stray dogs were examined. Peripheral blood smears were prepared from animals with severe clinical symptoms of haemoparasitic disease to differentiate babesiasis. After fixing and staining, smear microscopy was performed under an immersion microscope system. Studies of blood smears showed that Babesia canis was found in red blood cells of examined dogs. The carriers of Babesia canis are Ixodid tics of the species Rhipicephalus sanguineus, Rh. bursa, Dermacentor marginatus, the latter species was found in a dog brought from the territory of the forest-mountain zone of Armenia. The species of Ixodid ticks, and the degree of tick infestation, were determined. It turned out that the dogs were mainly infected by the species Rh. sanguineus. It was found that the intensity of infection by Ixodid ticks in dogs in summer was 100%, and the intensity of infection was 10–20 ticks in each animal. Almost the same picture of ticking was observed in autumn.

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Alterations in some blood coagulation parameters in naturally occurring cases of canine babesiosis

Acta Veterinaria Hungarica ◽

10.1556/avet.57.2009.2.10 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 57 (2) ◽

pp. 295-304 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Renata Rafaj ◽

Vesna Matijatko ◽

Ivana Kiš ◽

Nada Kučer ◽

Tatjana Živičnjak ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antithrombin Iii ◽

Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time ◽

Babesia Canis ◽

Canine Babesiosis ◽

Coagulation Parameters ◽

Naturally Occurring ◽

At Iii ◽

Healthy Dogs ◽

Babesia Canis Canis

Changes in coagulation parameters were studied in dogs naturally infected with Babesia canis canis (n = 30), and haemostasis was evaluated and compared to values obtained from healthy dogs (n = 29). To date, there have not been any studies examining the dynamics of thrombin-antithrombin complex formation in cases of canine babesiosis. Coagulation parameters evaluated before (day 0) and on days 1, 2, and 3 after treatment with imidocarb (6 mg/kg inj. s.c.) included the determination of platelet counts, the formation of thrombin-antithrombin complexes (TAT), prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) and antithrombin III (AT III) activity. TAT complexes were significantly elevated in animals with babesiosis on days 0 and 2 (mean 49.7 and 87.7 μg/L vs. control, 7.2 μg/L). AT III activity was significantly decreased at all time-points examined. There were no differences in PT. On days 2 and 3 the APTT was significantly shortened in the infected dogs when compared to control animals (means of 21.3 and 19.2 s vs. control, 30.0 s). Our analysis demonstrated that infected dogs had significant thrombocytopenia during the course of the study (mean day 0 − 29 × 10 9 /L, day 1 − 48 × 10 9 /L, day 2 − 47 × 10 9 /L and day 3 − 87 × 10 9 /L, vs. control −259 × 10 9 /L). These data suggest that babesiosis in dogs compromise primary and secondary haemostasis and that induction of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) occurs in canine babesiosis.

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A quick and reliable method for estimating platelet count on unstained peripheral smears in comparison to stained peripheral blood smears

International Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Pathology ◽

10.33545/pathol.2020.v3.i2b.234 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 90-93

Author(s):

Dr. Anuja Dasgupta ◽

Dr. Nanditha HS ◽

Dr. Subhashini R ◽

Dr. Vidya R

Keyword(s):

Platelet Count ◽

Peripheral Blood ◽

Reliable Method ◽

Blood Smears ◽

Peripheral Blood Smears

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Brightfield and fluorescence in-channel staining of thin blood smears generated in a pumpless microfluidic

Analytical Methods ◽

10.1039/d1ay00195g ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Kokou S. Dogbevi ◽

Paul Gordon ◽

Kimberly L. Branan ◽

Bryan Khai D. Ngo ◽

Kevin B. Kiefer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Peripheral Blood ◽

Blood Smears ◽

Peripheral Blood Smears ◽

Thin Blood Smears

Effective staining of peripheral blood smears which enhances the contrast of intracellular components and biomarkers is essential for the accurate characterization, diagnosis, and monitoring of various diseases such as malaria.

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Clinical performance evaluation of the CellaVision Image Capture System in the white blood cell differential on peripheral blood smears

Journal of Clinical Pathology ◽

10.1136/jclinpath-2013-201737 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 67 (2) ◽

pp. 168-172 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Simone M Smits ◽

Anja Leyte

Keyword(s):

Performance Evaluation ◽

Blood Cell ◽

White Blood Cell ◽

Peripheral Blood ◽

Clinical Performance ◽

Image Capture ◽

Blood Smears ◽

Peripheral Blood Smears

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Histoplasma capsulatum in peripheral blood smears

British Journal of Haematology ◽

10.1046/j.0007-1048.2001.03276.x ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 116 (3) ◽

pp. 503-503 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Glen A. Kennedy ◽

Jennifer L. Curnow ◽

Julie Gooch ◽

Bronwyn Williams ◽

Peter Wood ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Peripheral Blood ◽

Histoplasma Capsulatum ◽

Blood Smears ◽

Peripheral Blood Smears

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Histological changes in stomachs of apparently healthy dogs infected with helicobacter

Acta veterinaria ◽

10.2298/avb1003173g ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 60 (2-3) ◽

pp. 173-182 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

M. Gombac ◽

Tanja Svara ◽

Manica Cerne ◽

M. Pogacnik

Keyword(s):

Histological Changes ◽

Healthy Dogs ◽

Apparently Healthy

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Performance of the CellaVision DC-1 digital cell imaging analyser for differential counting and morphological classification of blood cell

Journal of Clinical Pathology ◽

10.1136/jclinpath-2021-207863 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. jclinpath-2021-207863

Author(s):

Lisa N van der Vorm ◽

Henriët A Hendriks ◽

Simone M Smits

Keyword(s):

Blood Cell ◽

Peripheral Blood ◽

Cell Imaging ◽

Small Satellite ◽

Morphological Classification ◽

Clinical Sensitivity ◽

Blood Smears ◽

Low Volume ◽

Peripheral Blood Smears

AimsRecently, a new automated digital cell imaging analyser (Sysmex CellaVision DC-1), intended for use in low-volume and small satellite laboratories, has become available. The purpose of this study was to compare the performance of the DC-1 with the Sysmex DI-60 system and the gold standard, manual microscopy.MethodsWhite blood cell (WBC) differential counts in 100 normal and 100 abnormal peripheral blood smears were compared between the DC-1, the DI-60 and manual microscopy to establish accuracy, within-run imprecision, clinical sensitivity and specificity. Moreover, the agreement between precharacterisation and postcharacterisation of red blood cell (RBC) morphological abnormalities was determined for the DC-1.ResultsWBC preclassification and postclassification results of the DC-1 showed good correlation compared with DI-60 results and manual microscopy. In addition, the within-run SD of the DC-1 was below 1 for all five major WBC classes, indicating good reproducibility. Clinical sensitivity and specificity were, respectively, 96.7%/95.9% compared with the DI-60% and 96.6%/95.3% compared with manual microscopy. The overall agreement on RBC morphology between the precharacterisation and postcharacterisation results ranged from 49% (poikilocytosis) to 100% (hypochromasia, microcytosis and macrocytosis).ConclusionsThe DC-1 has proven to be an accurate digital cell imaging system for differential counting and morphological classification of WBCs and RBCs in peripheral blood smears. It is a compact and easily operated instrument that can offer low-volume and small satellite laboratories the possibilities of readily available blood cell analysis that can be stored and retrieved for consultation with remote locations.

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