scholarly journals Interpretation of the results of monitoring of the piezometric measurements of the Chańcza dam in 2014–2017

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-123
Author(s):  
Stanisław K. Lach
Keyword(s):  
Least Squares ◽  
Water Level ◽  
Linear Function ◽  
Least Squares Method ◽  
Atmospheric Precipitation ◽  
Statistical Test ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Hydraulic Connection ◽  
Control Devices ◽  
The Town

Abstract The occurrence of a hydraulic connection between piezometers is identified based on similar changes in water levels. Some piezometers react to changing upper or lower water levels, some may also react to atmospheric precipitation. If the reaction to variable upper water levels is significant, then leakage of seepage control devices is identified and the dam is subjected to repair works. The aim of this research paper is to present and analyse the dynamics of variability of water levels in open piezometers of the Chańcza dam, located at the 36 km of the Czarna Staszowska River in the town of Korytnica in Świętokrzyskie province (Poland). Before the analysis of the piezometric data was commenced, the Grubbs statistical test was used to identify and reject the outliers. The scope of the research includes the data captured between January 14, 2014 and January 13, 2017. A hypothesis was formulated that the change in the trend occurred after the spring of 2015 when the water level in the reservoir was reduced by approx. 1.5 m. Two trend lines were adapted for the water levels of each piezometer using the least squares method – the first one for the period from January 2014 to May 2015, and the second one from June 2015 to January 2017. In this way, two slopes of the linear function were obtained together with an estimation of their errors. These slopes were compared using a statistical parallelism test.

scholarly journals An analysis of the dynamics of changes to water levels in the open piezometers of the Pieczyska dam in the study period between January 2016 and April 2017

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 00044
Author(s):  
Stanisław Lach
Keyword(s):  
Least Squares ◽  
Linear Function ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Method Of Least Squares

The construction This paper aims to analyze the changes in trends of water levels in open piezometers installed at the dam in Pieczyska, which is the only seepage dam in Poland constructed via the silting technique. The scope of the research includes the analysis of piezometric data for each of the 82 active piezometers installed on the dam from January 2016 to April 2017 and taking into consideration the accident which occurred in February 2016, during which at the downstream of the dam there was hydraulic piping, following which ca. 150 m3 of soil was eroded. A Statistical Rosner’s test for identifying and rejecting outliers was performed before carrying out the analysis of the piezometric data. A hypothesis was formulated that change in the trend occurred after the accident in February 2016. Using the method of least squares, for each open piezometer, two trend lines were matched to its water levels - the first one for the period January 2016-February 2016 and the second one for the period March 2016-April 2017. In this way, two slope coefficients for the linear function were obtained, together with the estimation of their errors. These slopes were compared using a statistical parallelism test.

Forecast and Control for the Amount of Rural Economic Crops

2014 ◽  
Vol 687-691 ◽  
pp. 4857-4860
Author(s):  
Wen Xi Duan
Keyword(s):  
Least Squares ◽  
Linear Function ◽  
Statistical Methods ◽  
Historical Data ◽  
Least Squares Method ◽  
The Real ◽  
Straight Line ◽  
Line Equation ◽  
And Control

The planting amount is determined by farmers according to the profit of planting economic crops. Moreover, the planting profit is estimated by using the statistical methods. The relation between the planting amount and the profit is similar to a linear function. However, the straight line equation has been set by using the historical data, calculating the slope of the straight line or adopting the least squares method. Therefore, the planting amount in next year will be calculated based on the equation. In a word, the planting amount in next year will be adjusted and controlled on the basis of the calculated planting amount and the real demand in the market.

‘Least squares’ method—theorem or law?

1980 ◽  
Vol 59 (9) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
D.E. Turnbull
Keyword(s):  
Least Squares ◽  
Least Squares Method

AUTOMATIC WATER LEVEL MONITORING WITH IOT AND LPWAN

2019 ◽  
pp. 95-103
Author(s):  
Krum Videnov ◽  
Vanya Stoykova
Keyword(s):  
Water Level ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Early Warning ◽  
Water Sources ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Water Level Fluctuations ◽  
Level Monitoring ◽  
Water Level Monitoring

Monitoring water levels of lakes, streams, rivers and other water basins is of essential importance and is a popular measurement for a number of different industries and organisations. Remote water level monitoring helps to provide an early warning feature by sending advance alerts when the water level is increased (reaches a certain threshold). The purpose of this report is to present an affordable solution for measuring water levels in water sources using IoT and LPWAN. The assembled system enables recording of water level fluctuations in real time and storing the collected data on a remote database through LoRaWAN for further processing and analysis.

An Augmented Iteratively Re-weighted and Refined Least Squares Method for lp Minimization Problem in Inverse Modeling of Potential Field Magnetic Data

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maysam Abedi
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Magnetic Susceptibility ◽  
Least Squares ◽  
Minimization Problem ◽  
Potential Field ◽  
Field Data ◽  
Least Squares Method ◽  
Porphyry Copper ◽  
Magnetic Data ◽  
Magnetic Field Data

The presented work examines application of an Augmented Iteratively Re-weighted and Refined Least Squares method (AIRRLS) to construct a 3D magnetic susceptibility property from potential field magnetic anomalies. This algorithm replaces an lp minimization problem by a sequence of weighted linear systems in which the retrieved magnetic susceptibility model is successively converged to an optimum solution, while the regularization parameter is the stopping iteration numbers. To avoid the natural tendency of causative magnetic sources to concentrate at shallow depth, a prior depth weighting function is incorporated in the original formulation of the objective function. The speed of lp minimization problem is increased by inserting a pre-conditioner conjugate gradient method (PCCG) to solve the central system of equation in cases of large scale magnetic field data. It is assumed that there is no remanent magnetization since this study focuses on inversion of a geological structure with low magnetic susceptibility property. The method is applied on a multi-source noise-corrupted synthetic magnetic field data to demonstrate its suitability for 3D inversion, and then is applied to a real data pertaining to a geologically plausible porphyry copper unit.  The real case study located in  Semnan province of  Iran  consists  of  an arc-shaped  porphyry  andesite  covered  by  sedimentary  units  which  may  have  potential  of  mineral  occurrences, especially  porphyry copper. It is demonstrated that such structure extends down at depth, and consequently exploratory drilling is highly recommended for acquiring more pieces of information about its potential for ore-bearing mineralization.

Interaction between water pressure in the basal drainage system and discharge from an Alpine glacier before and during a rainfall-induced subglacial hydrological event

1997 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 288-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew P. Barrett ◽  
David N. Collins
Keyword(s):  
Water Level ◽  
Water Pressure ◽  
Drainage System ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Drainage Network ◽  
Alpine Glacier ◽  
Hydraulic Conditions ◽  
Borehole Water ◽  
Progressive Growth ◽  
Resultant Increase

Combined measurements of meltwater discharge from the portal and of water level in a borehole drilled to the bed of Findelengletscher, Switzerland, were obtained during the later part of the 1993 ablation season. A severe storm, lasting from 22 through 24 September, produced at least 130 mm of precipitation over the glacier, largely as rain. The combined hydrological records indicate periods during which the basal drainage system became constricted and water storage in the glacier increased, as well as phases of channel growth. During the storm, water pressure generally increased as water backed up in the drainage network. Abrupt, temporary falls in borehole water level were accompanied by pulses in portal discharge. On 24 September, whilst borehole water level continued to rise, water started to escape under pressure with a resultant increase in discharge. As the drainage network expanded, a large amount of debris was flushed from a wide area of the bed. Progressive growth in channel capacity as discharge increased enabled stored water to drain and borehole water level to fall rapidly. Possible relationships between observed borehole water levels and water pressures in subglacial channels are influenced by hydraulic conditions at the base of the hole, distance between the hole and a channel, and the nature of the substrate.

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