scholarly journals Characterization of Humic Acids from Raised Bog Peat

2014 ◽  
Vol 52 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 83-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Klavins ◽  
O. Purmalis
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Humic Acids ◽  
Natural Waters ◽  
Transformation Process ◽  
Hydroxyl Groups ◽  
Source Depth ◽  
Raised Bog ◽  
Phenolic Hydroxyl Groups ◽  
Coal Organic Matter

Abstract Humic substances form most of the organic component of soil, peat and natural waters, but their structure and properties are very much dependent on the source. The aim of this study was to characterize humic acids from raised bog peat to evaluate the homogeneity of humic acids isolated from the bog bodies and to study peat humification impact on the properties of humic acids. Peat humic acids (HA) have an intermediate position between the living organic matter and coal organic matter, with their structure formed in a process where the relatively labile moieties (carbohydrates, amino acids, etc.) are destroyed, and thermodynamically more stable aromatic and polycyclic structures emerge. Comparatively, the studied peat HAs were at the start of this transformation process. Concentrations of carboxyl and phenolic hydroxyl groups changed depending on the source depth of peat from which HAs were isolated. The carboxylic acidity of peat HAs increased with depth of the source and the extent of peat humification

scholarly journals Characterization of Soil Organic Matter Individual Fractions (Fulvic Acids, Humic Acids, and Humins) by Spectroscopic and Electrochemical Techniques in Agricultural Soils

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1067
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Ukalska-Jaruga ◽  
Romualda Bejger ◽  
Guillaume Debaene ◽  
Bożena Smreczak
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Humic Substances ◽  
Humic Acids ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Fulvic Acids ◽  
Sorption Properties ◽  
Aliphatic Chains

The objective of this paper was to investigate the molecular characterization of soil organic matter fractions (humic substances (HS): fulvic acids-FAs, humic acids-HAs, and humins-HNs), which are the most reactive soil components. A wide spectrum of spectroscopic (UV–VIS and VIS–nearIR), as well as electrochemical (zeta potential, particle size diameter, and polydispersity index), methods were applied to find the relevant differences in the behavior, formation, composition, and sorption properties of HS fractions derived from various soils. Soil material (n = 30) used for the study were sampled from the surface layer (0–30 cm) of agricultural soils. FAs and HAs were isolated by sequential extraction in alkaline and acidic solutions, according to the International Humic Substances Society method, while HNs was determined in the soil residue (after FAs and HAs extraction) by mineral fraction digestion using a 0.1M HCL/0.3M HF mixture and DMSO. Our study showed that significant differences in the molecular structures of FAs, Has, and HNs occurred. Optical analysis confirmed the lower molecular weight of FAs with high amount of lignin-like compounds and the higher weighted aliphatic–aromatic structure of HAs. The HNs were characterized by a very pronounced and strong condensed structure associated with the highest molecular weight. HAs and HNs molecules exhibited an abundance of acidic, phenolic, and amine functional groups at the aromatic ring and aliphatic chains, while FAs mainly showed the presence of methyl, methylene, ethenyl, and carboxyl reactive groups. HS was characterized by high polydispersity related with their structure. FAs were characterized by ellipsoidal shape as being associated to the long aliphatic chains, while HAs and HNs revealed a smaller particle diameter and a more spherical shape caused by the higher intermolecular forcing between the particles. The observed trends directly indicate that individual HS fractions differ in behavior, formation, composition, and sorption properties, which reflects their binding potential to other molecules depending on soil properties resulting from their type. The determined properties of individual HS fractions are presented as averaged characteristics over the examined soils with different physico-chemical properties.

scholarly journals Spectral Characterization of Fungal Metabolites in Aqueous Medium with Humus Substances

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. A. Khundzhua ◽  
S. V. Patsaeva ◽  
V. A. Terekhova ◽  
V. I. Yuzhakov
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Natural Waters ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Molecular Size ◽  
Aquatic Environments ◽  
Fungal Metabolites ◽  
Microscopic Fungi ◽  
Spectral Measurements ◽  
Humus Substances

The work is targeted to confirm participation of microscopic fungi in transformation of humus substances in aquatic environments. The research is focused on the spectroscopic study of the collection of fungal strains with different pigmentation of mycelium. Spectral properties of fungal metabolites were measured and compared to that of natural aquatic nonliving organic matter and commercial humus substances in aqueous solutions. The experiments revealed that the effect of microscopic fungi growing in the culture medium with added humate appeared as changes in the humic-type fluorescence: its characteristics became more similar to that of nonliving organic matter in natural waters than to original humate preparation. The experiments demonstrated degradation of coal-originated humate due to microbial activity into compounds of smaller molecular size and increased heterogeneity. We resume that transformation of humus substances by fungal cultures can be monitored and characterized using spectral measurements.

Characterization of organic matter in natural waters by EEM fluorescence properties

2015 ◽  
Vol 57 (6) ◽  
pp. 2428-2436 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sibel Sen-Kavurmaci ◽  
Nazmiye Cemre Birben ◽  
Ayşe Tomruk ◽  
Miray Bekbolet
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Natural Waters ◽  
Fluorescence Properties ◽  
Eem Fluorescence

FTIR Characterization of Copper Ethanolamine—Wood Interaction for Wood Preservation

Holzforschung ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 119-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Zhang ◽  
D. Pascal Kamdem
Keyword(s):  
Treated Wood ◽  
Phenolic Hydroxyl ◽  
Wood Preservation ◽  
Hydroxyl Groups ◽  
Aromatic Ester ◽  
Ftir Characterization ◽  
Carboxylic Groups ◽  
Phenolic Hydroxyl Groups ◽  
Made In

Summary The interaction of copper ethanolamine (Cu-EA) preservative and wood components was studied by using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). In Cu-EA treated wood, significant reduction was noticed on the band attributed to carbonyl vibration from carboxylic groups at 1735 ± 5 cm−1 and an increase in band intensity was obtained from carbonyl in carboxylate at 1595 ± 5 cm−1. The same observation was made in Cu-EA treated holocellulose. Cu-EA treated lignin resulted in a reduction in the aromatic ester band at 1710 ± 5 cm−1 and an increase in carbonyl from carboxylate at 1595 ± 5 cm−1. Bands at 1370 cm−1 and 1221 cm−1, assigned to phenolic hydroxyl groups, exhibited a decrease in intensity after the treatment. From these data, it is concluded that Cu-EA interacts with carboxylic groups, phenolic hydroxyl groups and ester groups from lignin to form copper carboxylate and phenolate complexes.

scholarly journals Characterization of wastewater from landfills - amount and type of humic substances extracted from leachate

2019 ◽  
Vol 80 ◽  
pp. 03002
Author(s):  
Maria Elisabete Silva ◽  
Marlene Santos ◽  
Isabel Brás
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Humic Substances ◽  
Functional Groups ◽  
Humic Acids ◽  
Fulvic Acids ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Structural Composition ◽  
Carboxylic Groups ◽  
Humification Degree

This study aimed to characterize the humic substances (HS) extracted from landfills wastewater – leachates, with different ages of exploration. To reach the objective it was applied spectroscopy techniques, UV-Vis and FTIR spectra, as well as the ratio between the absorbance analysed. First, the HS were extracted, then fractionated in fulvic acids (FA) and humic acids (HA) and it was evaluated the phytotoxicity. HS content in the leachates were higher than the typical values found in the natural aquatic humic sources. It has been identified that the leachate HS, HA and FA aromatic fractions increased with the increase of the landfilling age, suggesting that the degree of humification increased with the landfilling age. All the HS showed a high aromaticity and humification degree. The HS extracts irrespective of their source presents similar structural composition. The functional groups found are in agreement with the literature: phenols, alcohols, carboxylic groups, aliphatic structures, among others. It was found that HA are mainly organic matter with a higher aromatic degree than FA. The HS and HA showed absence of phytotoxicity, testing by germination index, suggesting that may be used to produce liquid organic fertilizers.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document