The Impact of Polish-German Trade Flows on CO2 Emissions

Abstract This study analyses the embodied carbon in the trade flows between Poland and Germany. The calculations are based on data from Eurostat and OECD for 2008. The study uses input-output analysis, which allows the assignment of responsibility to individual flows for generating specific amounts of emissions in the economy. It demonstrates that Polish exports to Germany contain significantly more embodied carbon than do imports from Germany, despite the fact that the value of imports is higher. Moreover, it is found that Polish-German trade flows were responsible for more CO2 emissions that Lithuania and Latvia emitted together in 2008.

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Identifying the Sustainable Industry by Input–Output Analysis Combined with CO2 Emissions: A Time Series Study from 2005 to 2015 in South Korea

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su12156043 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (15) ◽

pp. 6043

Author(s):

Junhwan Moon ◽

Eungyeong Yun ◽

Jaebeom Lee

Keyword(s):

Carbon Dioxide ◽

Co2 Emissions ◽

Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽

Input Output ◽

Output Analysis ◽

Input Output Analysis ◽

Korean Economy ◽

Traditional Manufacturing ◽

The Impact ◽

Linkage Effects

Preventing global warming caused by increased CO2 emissions is a major global problem. It is necessary to find and cultivate an efficient industry with a small amount of CO2 emissions and a great impact on the national economy. This article used input–output analysis to quantify the linkage effects on the Korean economy by dividing the Korean industries into 36 categories, according to the OECD (Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development) industrial classification criteria. In addition, the total amount of carbon dioxide emitted during the year was described by its criteria to compare how much of one industry emits carbon dioxide. The analysis shows that Korea still has an economic structure centered on traditional manufacturing and the characteristics of these industries include CO2 emissions. According to the result, in the construction industry, the carbon dioxide emissions are considerably high, but the linkage effects of the industry is small. By quantitatively analyzing the impact of an industry on the economy and carbon dioxide emissions generated in the production process, this study aimed to identify Korea’s eco-friendly and highly related industries with other industries and objectively present sustainable development.

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CO2 Embodied in Trade between Poland and Selected Countries

Journal of Economic Development Environment and People ◽

10.26458/jedep.v2i4.49 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2 (4) ◽

pp. 48 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jan T. Mizgajski

Keyword(s):

Carbon Emissions ◽

Trade Flows ◽

Input Output ◽

Output Analysis ◽

Input Output Analysis ◽

Embodied Carbon ◽

Trade Partners

This study is aimed at analysing the carbon embodied in trade flows between Poland and its major trade partners. Calculations are based on the data from the GTAP database for the year 2004. The study uses an input-output analysis, which allows responsibility to be assigned to individual flows for generating specific amounts of emissions in the economy. It is shown that Polish exports contain significantly more embodied carbon than Polish imports, despite the fact that the value of the imports is higher. Moreover, it is found that among the surveyed countries, only three were net importers of carbon emissions to Poland. Export to Germany is responsible for the most of emissions in Poland. In turn, Poland receives the most emissions from imports from Russia.

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Input-Output Analysis of German and UK CO2 Emissions

Reducing CO2 Emissions ◽

10.1007/978-3-642-77792-9_11 ◽

1993 ◽

pp. 170-192

Author(s):

John L. R. Proops ◽

Malte Faber ◽

Gerhard Wagenhals

Keyword(s):

Co2 Emissions ◽

Input Output ◽

Output Analysis ◽

Input Output Analysis

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Environmental impacts of European trade: interpreting results of process-based LCA and environmentally extended input–output analysis towards hotspot identification

The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment ◽

10.1007/s11367-019-01649-z ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 25 (12) ◽

pp. 2432-2450 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Antoine Beylot ◽

Sara Corrado ◽

Serenella Sala

Keyword(s):

Life Cycle ◽

Impact Assessment ◽

Environmental Impacts ◽

Impact Categories ◽

Input Output ◽

Output Analysis ◽

Input Output Analysis ◽

European Trade ◽

The Impact ◽

Modelling Approaches

Abstract Purpose Trade is increasingly considered a significant contributor to environmental impacts. The assessment of the impacts of trade is usually performed via environmentally extended input–output analysis (EEIOA). However, process-based life cycle assessment (LCA) applied to traded goods allows increasing the granularity of the analysis and may be essential to unveil specific impacts due to traded products. Methods This study assesses the environmental impacts of the European trade, considering two modelling approaches: respectively EEIOA, using EXIOBASE 3 as supporting database, and process-based LCA. The interpretation of the results is pivotal to improve the robustness of the assessment and the identification of hotspots. The hotspot identification focuses on temporal trends and on the contribution of products and substances to the overall impacts. The inventories of elementary flows associated with EU trade, for the period 2000–2010, have been characterized considering 14 impact categories according to the Environmental Footprint (EF2017) Life Cycle Impact Assessment method. Results and discussion The two modelling approaches converge in highlighting that in the period 2000–2010: (i) EU was a net importer of environmental impacts; (ii) impacts of EU trade and EU trade balance (impacts of imports minus impacts of exports) were increasing over time, regarding most impact categories under study; and (iii) similar manufactured products were the main contributors to the impacts of exports from EU, regarding most impact categories. However, some results are discrepant: (i) larger impacts are obtained from IO analysis than from process-based LCA, regarding most impact categories, (ii) a different set of most contributing products is identified by the two approaches in the case of imports, and (iii) large differences in the contributions of substances are observed regarding resource use, toxicity, and ecotoxicity indicators. Conclusions The interpretation step is crucial to unveil the main hotspots, encompassing a comparison of the differences between the two methodologies, the assumptions, the data coverage and sources, the completeness of inventory as basis for impact assessment. The main driver for the observed divergences is identified to be the differences in the impact intensities of goods, both induced by inherent properties of the IO and life cycle inventory databases and by some of this study’s modelling choices. The combination of IO analysis and process-based LCA in a hybrid framework, as performed in other studies but generally not at the macro-scale of the full trade of a country or region, appears a potential important perspective to refine such an assessment in the future.

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