Life history pattern of the Bitterling Rhodeus amarus (Bloch, 1782) in Siahroud River (southern Caspian Sea-Iran)

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahman Patimar ◽  
Taghi Seifi ◽  
Amin Farahi ◽  
Madjid Ezzati
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Caspian Sea ◽  
Life History Pattern ◽  
Southern Caspian Sea

A new fish based multi-metric assessment index for cold-water streams of the southern Caspian Sea Basin in Iran

2019 ◽  
Vol 102 (4) ◽  
pp. 645-662
Author(s):  
Hossein Mostafavi ◽  
Azad Teimori ◽  
Rafaela Schinegger ◽  
Stefan Schmutz
Keyword(s):  
Caspian Sea ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Assessment Index ◽  
Southern Caspian Sea

X. Growing Tension and the Threat of War in the Southern Caspian Sea: The Unsettled Division Dispute and Regional Rivalry

2003 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 575-591
Author(s):  
Hooman Peimani
Keyword(s):  
Caspian Sea ◽  
The United States ◽  
Caspian Region ◽  
Legal Regime ◽  
The Caspian Sea ◽  
Military Conflict ◽  
American Military ◽  
Military Presence ◽  
Military Conflicts ◽  
Southern Caspian Sea

AbstractThe absence of an acceptable legal regime for the division of the Caspian Sea among its five littoral states has created grounds for conflicts, crises, and wars in the Caspian region, a situation worsened since 2001 when Iran, Azerbaijan, and Turkmenistan found each other on a collision course over the ownership of certain offshore oilfields. The region has since been heading towards militarization, while the persistence of conflicts over the Caspian Sea's division has prepared the ground for military conflicts. Fear of lagging behind in an arms and the manipulation of conflicts by the United States and Turkey have further encouraged militarization. Against this background, certain factors, including Turkey's efforts to deny Iran political and economic gains in the Caspian region, the growing American military presence in Eurasia, and the expanding American-Azeri military ties since 11 September 2001 will likely contribute to the creation of a suitable ground for a military conflict in the Caspian region.

scholarly journals Brain ontogeny and life history in Pleistocene hominins

2015 ◽  
Vol 370 (1663) ◽  
pp. 20140062 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Jacques Hublin ◽  
Simon Neubauer ◽  
Philipp Gunz
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Cognitive Complexity ◽  
Extended Period ◽  
Brain Structures ◽  
Human Model ◽  
Evolutionary Pathway ◽  
Life History Pattern ◽  
Delayed Maturation ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Brain

A high level of encephalization is critical to the human adaptive niche and emerged among hominins over the course of the past 2 Myr. Evolving larger brains required important adaptive adjustments, in particular regarding energy allocation and life history. These adaptations included a relatively small brain at birth and a protracted growth of highly dependent offspring within a complex social environment. In turn, the extended period of growth and delayed maturation of the brain structures of humans contribute to their cognitive complexity. The current palaeoanthropological evidence shows that, regarding life history and brain ontogeny, the Pleistocene hominin taxa display different patterns and that one cannot simply contrast an ‘ape-model’ to a ‘human-model’. Large-brained hominins such as Upper Pleistocene Neandertals have evolved along their own evolutionary pathway and can be distinguished from modern humans in terms of growth pattern and brain development. The life-history pattern and brain ontogeny of extant humans emerged only recently in the course of human evolution.

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