Temporal Analysis of the Genetic Diversity in a Honey Bee Mating Area of an Island Population (La Palma, Canary Islands, Spain)

Peach (Prunus persica) is an economically important temperate fruit crop due to its edible fruits. Due to the need to develop new varieties better adapted to climate change, it is of great interest to find germplasm adapted to warmer conditions, such as those found in the Canary Islands. Peach was an important crop during the last century in one of those islands (La Palma), but its cultivation has been abandoned in recent years. Currently, commercial production is relict and isolated trees are relegated to family orchards with little management. With the objective to characterize and prevent the loss of local varieties of this crop, peach trees were sampled along La Palma. A total of 89 local peach accessions were prospected and analyzed with 10 single-sequence repeat (SSR) loci, which permitted 28 different genotype profiles to be detected. These genotypes were compared to 95 Spanish peach landraces conserved in an ex situ collection, and 26 additional samples from eight different countries. Results showed that the peach genetic diversity found in La Palma was low. In addition, a relation between La Palma samples and other Spanish peaches was observed, which could indicate the arrival of genetic material from the Iberian Peninsula and subsequent intercrossing and local selection of the genotypes more adapted to the subtropical climate of the island. The population structure reflects a grouping of the samples based on fruit type and geographic origin.

Download Full-text

Habitat use and phenology of the large insular endemic grasshopperAcrostira euphorbiae(Orthoptera: Pamphagidae)

Bulletin of Entomological Research ◽

10.1017/s0007485307004828 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 97 (2) ◽

pp. 117-127 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

H. López ◽

M. Nogales ◽

E. Morales ◽

P. Oromí

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Reproductive Success ◽

Habitat Use ◽

Canary Islands ◽

Sexual Maturity ◽

La Palma ◽

Adult Females ◽

Risk Of Predation ◽

Insular Endemic ◽

Almost All

AbstractThe habitat use and the phenology of the large grasshopperAcrostira euphorbiaeGarcía & Oromí endemic to La Palma (Canary Islands) are studied. This grasshopper is entirely dependent on the Canarian endemic shrubEuphorbia lamarckiiboth for food and to avoid predation. Adults stay on subapical branches during the day, probably to reduce the risk of predation, and climb up to the apex at night to feed. While females seem to ensure the genetic diversity of offspring by waiting for visits by different males, the latter have to move to guarantee their reproductive success. Monophagy in this species may be related to the year-round presence of tender shoots, and to the predator-repellent toxic latex found in the host plant. Unlike related species from continental areas, adults and nymphs ofA. euphorbiaeare present almost all year round, probably in adaptation to the particular climate of the islands. Nymphs are more abundant in winter, whenEuphorbialeaves are most available. However, adults are more abundant than nymphs in spring, summer and autumn. Males develop more quickly than females, an apparent reproductive strategy based on achieving sexual maturity to coincide with females undergoing imaginal moulting. Matings start immediately after adult females emerge. Densities oscillated between 73 and 193 individuals ha−1, which can be considered a low value compared with other continental pamphagid species.

Download Full-text

Beobachtungen an Lorbeertauben (Columba bollii etC. junoniae) auf La Palma (Kanarische Inseln). Observation of Laurel Pigeons (Columba bollii etC. junoniae) on La Palma (Canary Islands)

Mitteilungen aus dem Museum für Naturkunde in Berlin Zoologisches Museum und Institut für Spezielle Zoologie (Berlin) ◽

10.1002/mmnz.4830720306 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 72 (S1) ◽

pp. 101-105

Author(s):

Rolf Uhlig ◽

Sabine Uhlig

Keyword(s):

Canary Islands ◽

La Palma

Download Full-text

Mitochondrial DNA Variation in Peruvian Honey Bee (Apis mellifera L.) Populations Using the tRNAleu-cox2 Intergenic Region

Insects ◽

10.3390/insects12070641 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (7) ◽

pp. 641

Author(s):

Julio Chávez-Galarza ◽

Ruth López-Montañez ◽

Alejandra Jiménez ◽

Rubén Ferro-Mauricio ◽

Juan Oré ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Mitochondrial Dna ◽

Honey Bee ◽

Intergenic Region ◽

Current Status ◽

Dna Variation ◽

Africanized Honey Bee ◽

Dna Variations ◽

The 19Th Century ◽

Bee Colonies

Mitochondrial DNA variations of Peruvian honey bee populations were surveyed by using the tRNAleu-cox2 intergenic region. Only two studies have characterized these populations, indicating the presence of Africanized honey bee colonies in different regions of Peru and varied levels of Africanization, but the current status of its genetic diversity is unknown. A total of 512 honey bee colonies were sampled from three regions to characterize them. Our results revealed the presence of European and African haplotypes: the African haplotypes identified belong to sub-lineage AI (13) and sub-lineage AIII (03), and the European haplotypes to lineages C (06) and M (02). Of 24 haplotypes identified, 15 new sequences are reported here (11 sub-lineage AI, 2 sub-lineage AIII, and 2 lineage M). Peruvian honey bee populations presented a higher proportion from African than European haplotypes. High proportions of African haplotype were reported for Piura and Junín, unlike Lima, which showed more European haplotypes from lineage C. Few colonies belonging to lineage M would represent accidental purchase or traces of the introduction into Peru in the 19th century.

Download Full-text

Paleomagnetism and40Ar/39Ar ages from La Palma in the Canary Islands

Geochemistry Geophysics Geosystems ◽

10.1029/2000gc000063 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 1 (9) ◽

pp. n/a-n/a ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

Lisa Tauxe ◽

Hubert Staudigel ◽

Jan R. Wijbrans

Keyword(s):

Canary Islands ◽

La Palma

Download Full-text

Grazing effects on species composition in different vegetation types (La Palma, Canary Islands)

Acta Oecologica ◽

10.1016/j.actao.2011.02.006 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 37 (3) ◽

pp. 230-238 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

J.R. Arévalo ◽

L. de Nascimento ◽

S. Fernández-Lugo ◽

J. Mata ◽

L. Bermejo

Keyword(s):

Species Composition ◽

Canary Islands ◽

Vegetation Types ◽

La Palma ◽

Grazing Effects

Download Full-text

Diffuse H2 degassing studies: a useful geochemical tool for monitoring Cumbre Vieja volcano, La Palma, Canary Islands

10.5194/egusphere-egu21-15403 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Nemesio M. Pérez ◽

Gladys V. Melián ◽

Pedro A. Hernández ◽

María Asensio-Ramos ◽

Eleazar Padrón ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Canary Islands ◽

Emission Rate ◽

Monitoring Program ◽

Hydrothermal Systems ◽

Sequential Gaussian Simulation ◽

Homogeneous Distribution ◽

La Palma ◽

Soil Degassing ◽

Geothermal Activity ◽

Cumbre Vieja

Hydrogen (H2) is one of the most abundant trace species in volcano-hydrothermal systems and is a key participant in many redox reactions occurring in the hydrothermal reservoir gas. Although H2 can be produced in soils by N2-fixing and fertilizing bacteria, soils are considered nowadays as sinks of molecular hydrogen (Smith-Downey et al. 2006). Because of its chemical and physical characteristics, H2 generated within the crust moves rapidly and escapes to the atmosphere. These characteristics make H2 one of the best geochemical indicators of magmatic and geothermal activity at depth. Cumbre Vieja volcano (La Palma, Canary Islands) is the most active basaltic volcano in the Canaries with seven historical eruptions being Tenegu&#237;a eruption (1971) the most recent one. Cumbre Vieja volcano is characterized by a main north&#8211;south rift zone 20 km long, up to 1950 m in elevation and covering an area of 220 km2 with vents located at the northwest and northeast. Cumbre Vieja does not show any visible degassing (fumaroles, etc.). For that reason, the geochemical volcano monitoring program at Cumbre Vieja volcano has been focused on soil degassing surveys. &#160;Here we show the results of soil H2 emission surveys that have been carried out regularly since 2001. Soil gas samples were collected in about 600 sampling sites selected to obtain a homogeneous distribution at about 40 cm depth using a metallic probe and 60 cc hypodermic syringes and stored in 10 cc glass vials. H2 content was analysed later by a VARIAN CP4900 micro-GC. A simple diffusive emission mechanism was applied to compute the emission rate of H2 at each survey. Diffuse H2 emission values were used to construct spatial distribution maps by using sequential Gaussian simulation (sGs) algorithm, allowing the estimation of the emission rate from the volcano. Between 2001-2003, the average diffuse H2 emission rate was &#8764;2.5 kg&#183;d&#8722;1 and an increase of this value was observed between 2013-2017 (&#8764;16.6 kg&#183;d&#8722;1), reaching a value of 36 kg&#183;d&#8722;1 on June 2017, 4 month before the first recent seismic swarm in October, 2017 at Cumbre Vieja volcano. Six additional seismic swarms had occurred at Cumbre Vieja volcano (February 2018, July-August 2020; October 8-10, 2020; October 17-19, 2020, November 21, 2020 and December 23-26, 2020) and changes of diffuse H2 emission related to this unrest had been observed reaching values up to &#8764;70 kg&#183;d&#8722;1. Diffuse H2 emission surveys have demonstrated to be sensitive and excellent precursors of magmatic processes occurring at depth in Cumbre Vieja. Periodic diffuse H2 emission surveys provide valuable information to improve and optimize the detection of early warning signals of volcanic unrest at Cumbre Vieja volcano.

Download Full-text