scholarly journals SISA RANGKA TENTARA JEPANG DARI PERANG DUN lA II Dl BIAK (The Japan Soldier Bones Remains from World War II in Biak Island)

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Toetik Koesbardiati ◽  
Delta Bayu Murti
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Forensic Anthropology ◽  
Human Remains ◽  
World War ◽  
Identification Methods ◽  
Pathological Conditions ◽  
Japanese Soldier ◽  
West Papua ◽  
Local Residents ◽  
Papua Barat

Repatriation of the skeletal remains of Japanese soldiers who died during World War II in Indonesia has been conducted since 2009. In 2013 repatriation activities carried out in Biak, West Papua. The purpose of repatriation in 2013 is to identify the human remains that assumed as Japanese soldier. Identification methods follow the protocol of forensic anthropology. The results indicate the identification of mixing between the Japanese soldiers with local residents. Furthermore, we found also subadult human remains. Individualization analysis showed pathological conditions of bone, that also assumed suffered infectious disease (yaws or syphilis). AbstrakRepatriasi sisa rangka tentara Jepang yang tawas selama Perang Dunia II di Indonesia telah dilakukan sejak tahun 2009. Di tahun 2013 kegiatan repatriasi dilakukan di Biak, Papua Barat. Tujuan repatriasi tahun 2013 ini adalah mengidentifikasi temuan sisa-sisa rangka yang diduga sebagai tentara Jepang. Metoda identifikasi sisa rangka mengikuti protokol ke~a dalam antropologi forensik. Hasil identifikasi mengindikasikan tercampumya sisa rangka tentara Jepang dengan penduduk lokal dan adanya sisa rangka anak-anak. Analisis individualisasi menunjukkan kondisi patologis tulang, yang diduga efek dari infeksi penyakit yaws atau sifilis.

Soviet Selves

2019 ◽  
pp. 60-81
Author(s):  
Justine Buck Quijada
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Soviet Union ◽  
World War ◽  
Symbolic Form ◽  
Soviet History ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Local Residents ◽  
Religious Actors

Chapter 2 presents the Soviet chronotope embodied in Victory Day celebrations. Victory Day, which is the celebration of the Soviet victory over Germany in World War II, presumes the familiar Soviet genre of history, in which the Soviet Union brought civilization to Buryatia, and Buryats achieved full citizenship in the Soviet utopian dream through their collective sacrifice during the war. The ritual does not narrate Soviet history. Instead, through Soviet and wartime imagery, and the parade form, the public holiday evokes this genre in symbolic form, enabling local residents to read their own narratives of the past into the imagery. This space for interpretation enables both validation as well as critique of the Soviet experience in Buryatia. Although not everyone in Buryatia agrees on how to evaluate this history, this genre is the taken-for-granted backdrop against which other religious actors define their narratives.

Part II Commentaries to Typical Sofa Rules, 18 Travel and Transport

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Black-Branch Jonathan L
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Free Movement ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
World War ◽  
Freedom Of Movement ◽  
Host State ◽  
Contentious Issue ◽  
Local Residents

This chapter looks at the duties and rights concerning freedom of movement. The successful implementation of any UN or NATO mission is largely dependent on the ability to travel and make use of transport or what may be referred to as mobility rights and free movement. The ability to travel as freely and easily as possible invariably assists in accomplishing the mandate. As basic as this may sound, the movement of Visiting Forces within a Host State has raised a number of problems and remains a contentious issue. This is due in part because of the potential causing damage to the environment as well as Visiting Forces becoming involved in conflicts with local residents. Indeed, the circumstances that Visiting Forces face today have changed drastically since World War II.

scholarly journals Prison Escapes in Western Siberia (1930–1945)

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 362-369
Author(s):  
E. V. Suverov
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Western Siberia ◽  
Prison Population ◽  
Production Schedule ◽  
World War ◽  
Job Descriptions ◽  
Siberian Region ◽  
Opposite Pattern ◽  
Local Residents ◽  
Labor System

The author analyzed the causes and consequences of prison escapes in Western Siberia in 1930–1945, which were a serious problem for the entire Soviet correctional labor system. The reasons behind frequent prison escapes can be summarized as follows: substandard living conditions, a complex production schedule, violent inmates, severe punitive measures for minor crimes, and relatively lenient punishment for escapes. The situation was aggravated by the negligent attitude to the service among wardens, their non-compliance with official discipline and job descriptions, as well as by ineffective use of the agent network. The escapes grew even more frequent in the late 1930s because the number of convicts increased during the Great Terror. The opposite pattern prevailed during World War II due to the general reduction of prison population during the occupation of the European Russia and the fact that some categories of convicts were allowed to enlist in the army. The fugitives posed a real threat to local residents. Once they were free, they committed murders, robberies, and rapes, which significantly worsened the difficult criminal situation in the West Siberian region. The NKVD employees of the Joint State Political Directorate of the Council of People's Commissars of the USSR prevented escapes and detained the prisoners. The research objective was to establish the causes, consequences, and various forms of prison escapes in Western Siberia in 1930–1945.

Cancer Mortality near OAK Ridge, Tennessee

1994 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 521-533 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph J. Mangano
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
Local Area ◽  
The United States ◽  
World War ◽  
Nuclear Facilities ◽  
Oak Ridge ◽  
Local Residents ◽  
Low Levels

Oak Ridge, Tennessee, is the site of one of the two oldest nuclear facilities in the United States. Although precise records have not been maintained, low levels of radioactive products have been released into the environment since the facility began operation in World War II. Changes in age-adjusted cancer mortality rates for whites between the periods 1950–1952 and 1987–1989 were analyzed to assess whether these radioactive releases have had any adverse effects on the population living near Oak Ridge. Results indicate that the increases in the local area (under 100 miles from Oak Ridge) exceeded regional increases and far exceeded national increases. Within the region, increases were greatest in rural areas, in Anderson County (where Oak Ridge is located), in mountainous counties, and in the region downwind of Oak Ridge. Each of these findings suggest that low levels of radiation, ingested gradually by local residents, were a factor in the increases in local cancer death rates. Results indicate that more studies of this type are called for and that cessation of all future radioactive emissions from nuclear facilities should be considered.

Neighbors

Studying Ida ◽  
2018 ◽  
pp. 61-70
Author(s):  
Sheila Skaff
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Jewish Community ◽  
Small Town ◽  
World War ◽  
Striking Resemblance ◽  
Nazi Occupation ◽  
Local Residents ◽  
Anti Jewish

This chapter dissects the history surrounding the controversy over Paweł Pawlikowski's Ida in the Polish and international press. It mentions the small town where Wanda and Ida search for the remains of their relatives that bears a striking resemblance to a town in Poland named Jedwabne, which is best known for a pogrom that took place during the Nazi occupation of World War II. It also talks about the controversial book, Neighbors: The Destruction of the Jewish Community in Jedwabe, Poland, written by Jan Tomasz Gross and published in May 2000, which describes in detail how local residents began an anti-Jewish pogrom in Jedwabne. The chapter points out the massacre recounted in Neighbors that had been either attributed to the Nazi occupiers or shrouded in secrecy. It covers Gross's work that details how the Polish inhabitants of Jedwabne may have voluntarily massacred their Jewish neighbours.

An Urban Semiotics of War

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saskia Coenen Snyder
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Urban Landscape ◽  
Social Practices ◽  
Military Force ◽  
World War ◽  
Territorial Expansion ◽  
Nazi Occupation ◽  
Urban Topography ◽  
Local Residents ◽  
Physical Dominance

This chapter examines the changing urban topography of Amsterdam under Nazi occupation during World War II, focusing on how the Dutch city’s once recognizable sights and sounds, familiar movements, and rhythms were disrupted by the so-called semiotics of war: signs and symbols of an external military force. It shows how the Nazis altered Amsterdam’s urban texture in which local residents lived, worked, and moved, and how the Nazification of the city’s grammar and semiotic communication reconfigured well-established social practices and reappropriated Dutch space. It argues that the construction of a visual and aural semiotics of war helped define relations between occupier and occupied, between Nazi sympathizers and antagonists, and also between Jews and non-Jews. While Nazi territorial expansion depended on military might and physical dominance, the chapter also explains how ideological coercion found expression in the colonization of the urban landscape and soundscape.

scholarly journals Vernacular historical practices on Holocaust non-sites of memory in Poland

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 37-44
Author(s):  
Jakub Muchowski
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Field Research ◽  
World War ◽  
Communal Life ◽  
Local Residents ◽  
Socially Relevant ◽  
Historical Practices ◽  
Distinct Features ◽  
Vernacular History ◽  
Central Tool

The approach employed by memory activists to sites of memory often involves historical practices. This paper presents the results of the examination of historical practices undertaken in locations of Holocaust violence during World War II and the disposal of victims’ remains that were not memorialised properly according to local residents or other groups with an interest in the sites’ past. The analysed practices were observed in the course of field research in various locations in Poland. The goal of the research was to describe these practices, discuss their critical potential, and indicate their distinct features as activities pertaining to contested sites of memory. A central tool for approaching this task is found in concepts of “non-site of memory” and “vernacular historian” as introduced to the debate by Claude Lanzmann and Lyle Dick. As a result, the article presents the cases of four vernacular historians whose practices are experimental combinations of the components of the work of professional historians and ways of working conditioned by local cultural environments, individual experience and commitment to communal life. Although vernacular history is sometimes considered of little value by academic historians, the research shows that the practices in question have the potential to produce new, socially relevant knowledge. Two distinct features of vernacular historical practices in non-sites of memory were observed: these unmarked sites of burial attract activists and prompt them to undertake historical practices; vernacular historians of these locations often undertake unconventional, sometimes experimental activities..

Reading the Bible in Occupied France: André Trocmé and Le Chambon

2010 ◽  
Vol 103 (3) ◽  
pp. 309-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alicia J. Batten
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
World War ◽  
North Americans ◽  
Exact Number ◽  
The Bible ◽  
Local Residents ◽  
Occupied France ◽  
Armed Resistance

Since the publication of Philip Hallie's book, Lest Innocent Blood Be Shed,1 and the release of Pierre Sauvage's documentary, Weapons of the Spirit,2 many North Americans have become familiar with the rescue efforts carried out in the French Vivarais-Lignon plateau during World War II. It is difficult to know the exact number of persons sheltered, and indeed this statistic has become a point of contention among historians, with some arguing that 700–1000 Jews were rescued, while a few of those who experienced and contributed to the effort estimate 3500 (in addition to approximately 1500 others).3 It is true that during the war a variety of individuals and groups in France assisted people at tremendous risk, but the number saved in the plateau, even if it does hover around 1000, is nonetheless striking.4 The residents of this region welcomed individuals and families from throughout France and Europe, providing food, housing, and assisting many over the border into Switzerland, some 300 kilometers away. Moreover, some local residents participated in the manufacture and distribution of false papers, a crime under Vichy law, but the provision of which aided in the survival of hundreds of persons during the period.5 Although not all of the inhabitants of the plateau were active in the armed Resistance, they resisted nonetheless by resolutely disobeying the Vichy authorities as well as the Germans. These people were the minority throughout France, for while some citizens actively collaborated with the Germans, the vast majority simply waited out the war, neither collaborating nor particularly opposing the changes brought by the Vichy government and the subsequent German occupying forces.6

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