scholarly journals Carbon Stocks in Harvested Wood Products Used in Buildings in Japanese Prefectures

2021 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 138-148
Author(s):  
Ryoto Matsumoto ◽  
Chihiro Kayo
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Stocks ◽  
Wood Products ◽  
Harvested Wood Products

scholarly journals Carbon Stocks in Harvested Wood Products in Various Countries of the World

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 76-86
Author(s):  
Akiko Suyari ◽  
Yushin Shinoda ◽  
Chihiro Kayo
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Stocks ◽  
Wood Products ◽  
Harvested Wood Products ◽  
The World

scholarly journals The default methods in the 2019 Refinement drastically reduce estimates of global carbon sinks of harvested wood products

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chihiro Kayo ◽  
Gerald Kalt ◽  
Yuko Tsunetsugu ◽  
Seiji Hashimoto ◽  
Hirotaka Komata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Carbon Stocks ◽  
Wood Products ◽  
Intergovernmental Panel ◽  
Atmospheric Flow ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Inventories ◽  
Harvested Wood Products ◽  
Global Carbon ◽  
Production Approach

Abstract Background The stock dynamics of harvested wood products (HWPs) are a relevant component of anthropogenic carbon cycles. Generally, HWP stock increases are treated as carbon removals from the atmosphere, while stock decreases are considered emissions. Among the different approaches suggested by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) for accounting HWPs in national greenhouse gas inventories, the production approach has been established as the common approach under the Kyoto Protocol and Paris Agreement. However, the 24th session of the Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change decided that alternative approaches can also be used. The IPCC has published guidelines for estimating HWP carbon stocks and default parameters for the various approaches in the 2006 Guidelines, 2013 Guidance, and 2019 Refinement. Although there are significant differences among the default methods in the three IPCC guidelines, no studies have systematically quantified or compared the results from the different guidelines on a global scale. This study quantifies the HWP stock dynamics and corresponding carbon removals/emissions under each approach based on the default methods presented in each guideline for 235 individual countries/regions. Results We identified relatively good consistency in carbon stocks/removals between the stock-change and the atmospheric flow approaches at a global level. Under both approaches, the methodological and parameter updates in the 2019 Refinement (e.g., considered HWPs, starting year for carbon stocks, and conversion factors) resulted in one-third reduction in carbon removals compared to the 2006 Guidelines. The production approach leads to a systematic underestimation of global carbon stocks and removals because it confines accounting to products derived from domestic harvests and uses the share of domestic feedstock for accounting. The 2013 Guidance and the 2019 Refinement reduce the estimated global carbon removals under the production approach by 15% and 45% (2018), respectively, compared to the 2006 Guidelines. Conclusions Gradual refinements in the IPCC default methods have a considerably higher impact on global estimates of HWP carbon stocks and removals than the differences in accounting approaches. The methodological improvements in the 2019 Refinement halve the global HWP carbon removals estimated in the former version, the 2006 Guidelines.

scholarly journals Estimating New Zealand’s harvested wood products carbon stocks and stock changes

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen J. Wakelin ◽  
Nigel Searles ◽  
Daniel Lawrence ◽  
Thomas S. H. Paul
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Stocks ◽  
Wood Products ◽  
Harvested Wood Products

scholarly journals A synthesis of carbon in international trade

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 3949-4023 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. P. Peters ◽  
S. J. Davis ◽  
R. M. Andrew
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Wood Products ◽  
Total Production ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Traded Goods ◽  
Harvested Wood Products ◽  
Global Emissions ◽  
Embodied Co2 Emissions

Abstract. In a globalised world, the transfer of carbon between regions, either physically or embodied in production, represents a substantial fraction of global carbon emissions. The resulting emission transfers are important for balancing regional carbon budgets and for understanding the drivers of regional emissions. In this paper we synthesise current understanding in two parts: (1) embodied CO2 emissions from the production of goods and services produced in one country but consumed in others, (2) physical carbon flows in fossil fuels, petroleum-derived products, harvested wood products, crops, and livestock. We describe the key differences between studies and provide a consistent set of estimates using the same definitions, modelling framework, and consistent data. We find the largest trade flows of carbon in international trade in 2004 were fossil fuels (2673 MtC, 37% of global emissions), CO2 embodied in traded goods and services (1661 MtC, 22% of global emissions), livestock (651 MtC, 20% of total livestock carbon), crops (522 MtC, 31% of total harvested crop carbon), petroleum-based products (183 MtC, 50% of their total production), and harvested wood products (149 MtC, 40% of total roundwood extraction). We find that for embodied CO2 emissions estimates from independent studies are robust. We found that differences between individual studies is not representative of the uncertainty in consumption-based estimates as different studies use different production-based emission estimates as input and different definitions of allocating emissions to international trade. After adjusting for these issues, results across independent studies converge to give less uncertainty than previously assumed. For physical carbon flows there are relatively few studies to be synthesised, but differences between existing studies are due to the method of allocating to international trade with some studies using "apparent consumption" as opposed to "final consumption" in more comprehensive approaches. While results across studies are robust to be used in further applications, more research is needed to understand the differences between methods and to harmonise definitions for particular applications.

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