scholarly journals POTENSI BAHAYA DEBU SILIKA TERHADAP KESEHATAN PANDAI BESI DESA MEKARMAJU KABUPATEN BANDUNG

Jurnal Dampak ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 73
Author(s):  
Rinda Andhita Regia ◽  
Katharina Oginawati
Keyword(s):  
Daily Intake ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Threshold Value ◽  
Crystalline Silica ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Silica Exposure ◽  
Work Area ◽  
Grinding Tool ◽  
Chronic Daily Intake

Mekarmaju Village in Bandung Regency is a place of the greatest blacksmith that still exist in West Java. Their activity using the grinding tool causes dust formation in work area. Silica is the chemical element in dust with the second highest grade after Fe and it is classified in Group 1 substances as carcinogenic to humans. Blacksmith are very potentially have lung disease due to frequent of crystalline silica exposure through inhalation, not using personal protective equipment like masks and the condition of knife and agricultural equipment workshop that are not supported by adequate ventilation. The purpose of this research is to analyze the potencial hazard of crystalline silica exposure to the health of blacksmith in Mekarmaju village. This research was done with an exposed group of 30 people. Respirable crystalline silica analysis was done by the X-ray Diffraction (XRD) method based on MDHS 101 in 2005. The results showed the average of crystalline silica concentration for 8 hours was 0.2147 mg/m3 where 16 people exceeded SE 01/MEN/1997, 27 people exceeded the TLV-TWA ACGIH and 6 people exceeded the PEL OSHA. Average of Chronic Daily Intake (CDI) value was 0.0140 mg/kg.day. Based on threshold value in PER.13/MEN/X/2011, there were 6 people have Hazard Index (HI) value more than 1 which means that their daily activity in work area will endanger the health of lungs.Keywords: Mekarmaju village, hazard index, concentration, crystalline silica, blacksmithABSTRAKDesa Mekarmaju di Kabupaten Bandung merupakan tempat pandai besi terbesar yang masih ada di Jawa Barat. Kegiatan menggunakan gerinda menyebabkan terbentuknya debu pada area kerja. Silika merupakan unsur kimia pada debu dengan kadar tertinggi kedua setelah Fe dan silika diklasifikasikan sebagai Grup 1 yaitu karsinogenik bagi manusia. Pekerja pandai besi sangat berpotensi mengidap penyakit paru-paru karena seringnya terpapar kristal silika melalui inhalasi, tidak menggunakan alat pelindung diri berupa masker dan kondisi lingkungan kerja yang tidak didukung oleh ventilasi yang memadai. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menganalisis potensi bahaya kristal silika terhadap kesehatan pandai besi di Desa Mekarmaju. Jumlah responden yang terlibat dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 30 orang. Analisis kristal silika terinhalasi dilakukan dengan metode X-ray Diffraction (XRD) berdasarkan MDHS 101 tahun 2005. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan konsentrasi kristal silika rata-rata selama 8 jam kerja adalah 0,2147 mg/m3. Dari 30 orang responden, 16 orang melebihi NAB SE 01/MEN/1997, 27 orang melebihi TLV-TWA ACGIH, dan 6 orang melebihi PEL OSHA. Chronic Daily Intake (CDI) kristal silika rata-rata sebesar 0,0140 mg/kg.hari. Berdasarkan NAB kristal silika PER.13/MEN/X/2011, terdapat 6 orang memiliki nilai Hazard Index (HI) lebih besar dari 1 yang berarti pekerjaan yang dilakukan oleh 6 orang tersebut termasuk pekerjaan yang membahayakan kesehatan paru-paru.Kata kunci: Desa Mekarmaju, hazard index, konsentrasi, kristal silika, pandai besi

A rapid method for quantifying single mineral phases in heterogeneous natural dusts using X-ray diffraction

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer S. Le Blond ◽  
Gordon Cressey ◽  
Claire J. Horwell ◽  
Ben J. Williamson
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Method ◽  
Volcanic Ash ◽  
Health Hazard ◽  
Crystalline Silica ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Synthetic Sample ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Mineral Phases ◽  
Pure Phases

Quantification of potentially toxic single mineral phases in natural dusts of heterogeneous composition is critical for health hazard assessment. For example, crystalline silica, a human carcinogen, can be present as respirable particles in volcanic ash such as quartz, cristobalite, or tridymite. A method to rapidly identify the proportions of crystalline silica within mixed dust samples, such as volcanic ash, is therefore required for hazard managers to assess the potential risk of crystalline silica exposure to local populations. Here we present a rapid method for quantifying the proportions of single phases in the mineral assemblage of mixed dusts using X-ray diffraction (XRD) with a fixed curved position-sensitive detector. The method is a modified version of the whole-pattern peak-stripping (PS) method (devised by Cressey and Schofield [Powder Diffr.11, 35–39 (1996)]) using an internal attenuation standard (IAS) but, unlike the PS method, it requires no knowledge of other phases present in the sample. Ten synthetic sample mixtures were prepared from known combinations of four pure phases (cristobalite, hematite, labradorite, and obsidian), chosen to represent problematic constituents of volcanic ash, and analyzed by XRD. Results of the IAS method were directly compared with those of the PS method. The proportions of cristobalite estimated using the methods were comparable and accurate to within 3 wt %. The new IAS method involved less sample preparation and processing and, therefore, was faster than the original PS method. It therefore offers a highly accurate rapid technique for determination of the proportions of individual phases in mixed dusts.

Detection of Crystalline Silica in Lung Tissue by X-Ray Diffraction Analysis

Science ◽  
1937 ◽  
Vol 86 (2241) ◽  
pp. 544-545
Author(s):  
Rosalind Klaas ◽  
Henry C. Sweany ◽  
J. N. Mrgudich ◽  
G. L. Clark
Keyword(s):  
Diffraction Analysis ◽  
Lung Tissue ◽  
Crystalline Silica ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray

DETECTION OF CRYSTALLINE SILICA IN LUNG TISSUE BY X-RAY DIFFRACTION ANALYSIS

Science ◽  
1937 ◽  
Vol 86 (2241) ◽  
pp. 544-545
Author(s):  
R. Klaas ◽  
H. C. Sweany ◽  
J. N. Mrgudich ◽  
G. L. Clark
Keyword(s):  
Diffraction Analysis ◽  
Lung Tissue ◽  
Crystalline Silica ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray

scholarly journals SmBa2NbO6Nanopowders, an Effective Percolation Network Medium for YBCO Superconductors

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Vidya ◽  
K. C. Mathai ◽  
P. P. Rejith ◽  
Sam Solomon ◽  
J. K. Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Threshold Value ◽  
Substrate Material ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Percolation Behavior ◽  
Ybco Superconductors ◽  
Sem Micrograph ◽  
Large Clusters ◽  
Combustion Technique

The percolation behavior of superconductor-insulator composite, YBa2Cu3O7–δ, and nano SmBa2NbO2synthesized by modified combustion technique was studied. Particle size of nano SmBa2NBO6was determined using transmission electron microscopy. The chemical nonreactivity of nano SmBa2NbO6with YBCO is evident from the X-Ray diffraction study which makes it a suitable nanoceramic substrate material for high temperature superconducting films. A systematic increase in the sintered density, approaching the optimum value of the insulating nanophase is clearly observed, as the vol.% of YBCO in the composite decreases. SEM micrograph showed uniform distribution of nanopowder among the large clusters of YBCO. The obtained percolation threshold is~26 vol% of YBCO in the composite. All the composites below the threshold value showedTC(0)~92 K even though the room resistivity increases with increase in vol.% of nano SmBa2NbO6. The values of critical exponents obtained matches well with the theoretically expected ones for an ideal superconductor-insulator system.

Detection of Crystalline Silica in Lung Tissue by X-Ray Diffraction Analysis

Science ◽  
1937 ◽  
Vol 86 (2241) ◽  
pp. 544-545
Author(s):  
Rosalind Klaas ◽  
Henry C. Sweany ◽  
J. N. Mrgudich ◽  
G. L. Clark
Keyword(s):  
Diffraction Analysis ◽  
Lung Tissue ◽  
Crystalline Silica ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray
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