scholarly journals Diferencias en las propiedades ópticas de pupas de machos y hembras de Anastrepha fraterculus (Diptera: Tephritidae)

2021 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Simone Mundstock Jahnke ◽  
Robin Gebbers ◽  
Daniel Capella Zanotta ◽  
Joachim Intreβ
Keyword(s):  
Rhagoletis Pomonella ◽  
Anastrepha Fraterculus

Una alternativa al uso de inseticidas sintéticos en el control de especies importantes de moscas de la fruta (Tephritidae) es la técnica del insecto estéril (TIE). La TIE se basa en liberaciones masivas de machos estériles (sometidos a radiación) para controlar una población de plagas. Para especies de importancia como Rhagoletis pomonella, Bractocera oleae y Anastrepha fraterculus, es un desafio diferenciar los machos de las hembras en el estadio pupal. Aunque para algunas especies se liberan hembras estériles en campo, esto no es deseable en Anastrepha spp., ya que puede ocasionar daño por punción. Por lo tanto, hemos investigado imágenes hiperespectrales y RGB para classificar el sexo en pupas de A. fraterculus. Nuestro objetivo fue discriminar, a través de la descripción de espectros RGB y de perfiles hiperespectrales, machos y hembras en diferentes estadios de desarrollo pupal. Se obtuvieron imágenes de pupas de diferentes tiempos de desarrollo de grados-día (GD). Los perfiles hiperespectrales de las pupas de 288, 345 y 403 GD mostraron diferencias, indicando que el tono de la pupa se altera durante el desarrollo. En el espectro NIR (800 a 1.700 nm) se observó una mayor reflectancia entre 1.100 y 1.400 nm. En estas bandas ocurren diferencias en la desviación estándar de la reflectancia entre machos y hembras. En las imágenes RGB se observaron diferencias en el ángulo de variación radiométrica, desde la parte superior hasta la parte basal de las pupas. Para las hembras, el ángulo de variación radiométrica fue mayor (26°) que para los machos (15°). Por lo tanto, es posible determinar características discriminantes utilizando los perfiles espectrales, técnicas de imagen y análisis de datos para separar los sexos.

Can Anastrepha fraterculus larval feeding influence chemotaxis and parasitism of Diachasmimorpha longicaudata and Aganaspis pelleranoi?

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Patricia Daniela da Silva Pires ◽  
Josué Sant’ Ana ◽  
Luiza Rodrigues Redaelli
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Artificial Diet ◽  
Psidium Guajava ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
Larval Feeding ◽  
Parasitoid Species ◽  
Major Barrier ◽  
Anastrepha Fraterculus ◽  
Diachasmimorpha Longicaudata ◽  
Control Programmes

Abstract Anastrepha fraterculus (Diptera: Tephritidae) is a major barrier to fruit production and exportation. In Brazil, the native parasitoid Aganaspis pelleranoi (Hymenoptera: Figitidae) and the exotic parasitoid Diachasmimorpha longicaudata (Hymenoptera, Braconidae) stand out as biological control agents. Knowledge of the factors that affect interactions among parasitoids, A. fraterculus, and host fruits may enhance the use of these agents in biological control programmes. This study evaluated the chemotaxis and parasitism of A. pelleranoi and D. longicaudata females reared on A. fraterculus larvae and kept on an artificial diet, red guava (Psidium guajava) or apple (Malus domestica). Females of both parasitoid species that emerged from larvae raised on artificial diet, guava or apple, were tested to Y olfactometer choice tests. In the parasitism tests, both parasitoid species were made to choose between A. fraterculus larvae brushed with water, apple pulp or guava pulp. D. longicaudata females from artificial diet (control) did not distinguish between fruit odours; however, females of D. longicaudata from larvae kept in apple or guava directed to the odours of their original fruit. The greatest parasitism for D. longicaudata occurred in the units that contained the pulp in which the larvae grew. A. pelleranoi from artificial diet preferred guava odours, including the females kept in apple. Similar results were observed in the parasitism bioassays. Our results found that A. fraterculus larval feeding influenced search behaviour and parasitism of D. longicaudata, whereas A. pelleranoi rearing experience did not affect its host choices.

scholarly journals Determining the Sterilization Doses under Hypoxia for the Novel Black Pupae Genetic Sexing Strain of Anastrepha fraterculus (Diptera, Tephritidae)

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 308
Author(s):  
Paloma Della Giustina ◽  
Thiago Mastrangelo ◽  
Sohel Ahmad ◽  
Gabriel Mascarin ◽  
Carlos Caceres
Keyword(s):  
Fruit Fly ◽  
South American ◽  
Response Curves ◽  
Genetic Sexing ◽  
Egg Hatch ◽  
Anastrepha Fraterculus ◽  
Common Strategy ◽  
Genetic Sexing Strain ◽  
South American Fruit Fly ◽  
First Time

A common strategy used to maintain sterile fly quality without sacrificing sterility is to irradiate the insects under an oxygen-reduced atmosphere. So far, sterilizing doses for the South American fruit fly Anastrepha fraterculus have only been determined under normoxia. Our study reports for the first time the dose-sterility response under hypoxia for two different A. fraterculus strains. The pupae were derived from a bisexual strain (a Brazilian-1 population) and a recently developed genetic sexing strain (GSS-89). Two hours prior to irradiation, pupae were transferred to sealed glass bottles and irradiated when oxygen concentration was below 3%. Four types of crosses with nonirradiated flies of the bisexual strain were set to assess sterility for each radiation dose. For males from both strains, Weibull dose–response curves between radiation doses and the proportion of egg hatch, egg-to-pupa recovery, and recovery of adults were determined. The GSS males revealed high sterility/mortality levels compared to males from the bisexual strain at doses < 40 Gy, but a dose of 74 Gy reduced egg hatch by 99% regardless of the male strain and was considered the sterilizing dose. The fertility of irradiated females was severely affected even at low doses under hypoxia.

Acetogenin-Based Formulated Bioinsecticides on Anastrepha fraterculus: Toxicity and Potential Use in Insecticidal Toxic Baits

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 292-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Stupp ◽  
M. Rakes ◽  
D. C. Oliveira ◽  
L. N. Martins ◽  
F. C. S. Geisler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anastrepha Fraterculus ◽  
Potential Use

scholarly journals Isolation of entomopathogenic nematodes in an apple orchard in Southern Brazil and its virulence to Anastrepha fraterculus (Diptera: Tephritidae) larvae, under laboratory conditions

2017 ◽  
Vol 77 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Foelkel ◽  
M. Voss ◽  
L. B. Monteiro ◽  
G. Nishimura
Keyword(s):  
Entomopathogenic Nematodes ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Integrated Control ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Apple Orchard ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Similar Frequency ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Anastrepha Fraterculus

Abstract Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) are a promising alternative to integrated control in many fruit pests. Few studies were made on the relationship of Anastrepha fraterculus natural population with native EPNs population and other biotic and abiotic factors. The aim of this work was to verify the occurrence of endemic nematodes in an apple orchard, concerning environmental conditions and technical procedure, and access isolates virulence to A. fraterculus larvae. The experiment was conducted during a year taking monthly soil samples from an apple orchard, with and without fallen fruits just above the soil. Samples were baited with Tenebrium molitor and A. fraterculus larvae in laboratory. Canopy and fallen fruits were sampled to access the pest infestation. Seventy three EPN isolates were captured, in 23.2% soil samples, more with T. molitor than with A. fraterculus baits. From the 20 isolates tested against A. fraterculus, only five were pathogenic, and they were identified as Oscheius sp. The nematodes were captured during all seasons in a similar frequency. Soil and weather conditions, presence of fruit over the orchard soil, and A. fraterculus pupae in the fruits had no significant influence on the capture. As a conclusion, nematodes of the genera Oscheius are found in an apple orchard of Porto Amazonas constantly along the year, independently of fluctuations in A. fraterculus population, climate conditions and presence of fruit over the soil. Some of the isolates are pathogenic to A. fraterculus.

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