Characterization of Ballistic Impact Flashes Empirical Model Development

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Todd Henninger ◽  
Thomas Talafuse ◽  
Raymond Hill ◽  
Jaime Bestard
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Model ◽  
Model Development ◽  
Ballistic Impact

Treatment system response to transient AOX (adsorbable organic halogen) loadings

1997 ◽  
Vol 35 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 85-91
Author(s):  
D. A. Barton ◽  
J. D. Woodruff ◽  
T. M. Bousquet ◽  
A. M. Parrish
Keyword(s):  
Paper Industry ◽  
Model Development ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
System Response ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Organic Halogen ◽  
Aox Removal ◽  
Variable Operating Conditions ◽  
Plant Shutdown

If promulgated as proposed, effluent guidelines for the U.S. pulp and paper industry will impose average monthly and maximum daily numerical limits of discharged AOX (adsorbable organic halogen). At this time, it is unclear whether the maximum-day variability factor used to establish the proposed effluent guidelines will provide sufficient margin for mills to achieve compliance during periods of normal but variable operating conditions within the pulping and bleaching processes. Consequently, additional information is needed to relate transient AOX loadings with final AOX discharges. This paper presents a simplistic dynamic model of AOX decay during treatment. The model consists of hydraulic characterization of an activated sludge process and a first-order decay coefficient for AOX removal. Data for model development were acquired by frequent collection of influent and effluent samples at a bleach kraft mill during a bleach plant shutdown and startup sequence.

Dynamic Contrast Enhancement

2009 ◽  
pp. 392-406
Author(s):  
Valentina Russo ◽  
Roberto Setola
Keyword(s):  
Contrast Enhancement ◽  
Empirical Model ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Research Topic ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Analysis ◽  
Dynamic Contrast Enhancement ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Pathological Tissues

The aim of this chapter is to provide an overview about models and methodologies used for the Dynamic Contrast Enhancement (DCE) analysis. DCE is a non-invasive methodology aimed to diagnostic the nature of a lesion on the base of the perfusion’s dynamic of specific contrast agents. The idea at the base of DCE is that, in several pathological tissues, including tumors and inflammatory diseases, the angiogenic process is abnormal, hence the characterization of vascularisation structure may be used to support the diagnosis. In this chapter, we will describe the basic DCE procedures and introduce some of its most innovative evolution based on the pharmacokinetic analysis technique (PK), and the empirical model (EM). Even if DCE is still a medical research topic, there is large interest for this type of approach in biomedical applications as witnessed by the availability of specific tools in the last generation top-class US, CT and MR machines.

scholarly journals Characterization of in band stray light in SBUV/2 instruments

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 267-278
Author(s):  
L. K. Huang ◽  
M. T. DeLand ◽  
S. L. Taylor ◽  
L. E. Flynn
Keyword(s):  
Zenith Angle ◽  
Empirical Model ◽  
Solar Zenith Angle ◽  
Stray Light ◽  
Surface Reflection

Abstract. Significant in-band stray light (IBSL) error at solar zenith angle (SZA) values larger than 77° near sunset in 4 SBUV/2 (Solar Backscattered Ultraviolet) instruments, on board the NOAA-14, 17, 18 and 19 satellites, has been characterized. The IBSL error is caused by large surface reflection and scattering of the air-gapped depolarizer in front of the instrument's monochromator aperture. The source of the IBSL error is direct solar illumination of instrument components near the aperture rather than from earth shine. The IBSL contamination at 273 nm can reach 40% of earth radiance near sunset, which results in as much as a 50% error in the retrieved ozone from the upper stratosphere. We have analyzed SBUV/2 albedo measurements on both the dayside and nightside to develop an empirical model for the IBSL error. This error has been corrected in the V8.6 SBUV/2 ozone retrieval.

Material Model Development of Sandwich Composite: Numerical-Experimental Investigation of Head Dummy Impacting at Vehicle Interior Components

2019 ◽  
Vol 827 ◽  
pp. 55-60
Author(s):  
A. Vettorello ◽  
G.A. Campo
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Models ◽  
Fibre Composite ◽  
Model Development ◽  
Material Model ◽  
Sandwich Composite ◽  
Crash Analysis ◽  
Vehicle Interior ◽  
Polymeric Foam ◽  
Glass Fibre Composite

This paper shows the applicability of a non-linear Finite Element (FE) methodology to analyse the elasto-plastic behaviour and the energy absorption of a padding noise-protection material applied to the vehicle interior components. This material is a sandwich built from alternating layers of polymeric foam and of glass fibre composite. The approach considers two design steps. The first one involves the experimental characterization of the material while the latter deals with the assessment of the numerical models validated for a full-vehicle crash analysis.

scholarly journals Modelling of Level Process

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 1155-1161
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Empirical Model ◽  
First Principles ◽  
Model Development ◽  
The Real ◽  
Development Models ◽  
System A ◽  
Basic Physics ◽  
Tank System ◽  
Operating Points

Industries such as, textile, food processing, chemical and water treatment plants are part of our global development. The efficiency of processes used by them is always a matter of great importance. Efficiency can be greatly improved by obtaining an exact model of the process. This paper studies the two main classifications of model development – First-Principles Model and Empirical Model. First-Principles Model can be obtained with an understanding of the basic physics of the system. On the other hand, Empirical Models require only the input-output data and can thus factor in process non-linearity, disturbances and unexpected errors. This paper utilizes the System Identification Toolbox in MATLAB for empirical model development. Models are developed for a single tank system, a classic SISO problem and for the two interacting tank system. Both systems are studied with respect to three operating points, each from a local linear region. The obtained models are validated with the real-time setup. They are satisfactory in their closeness to the real time process and hence deemed fit for use in control algorithms and other process manipulations

scholarly journals GAMES: A dynamic model development workflow for rigorous characterization of synthetic genetic systems

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kate Dray ◽  
Joseph J Muldoon ◽  
Niall J Mangan ◽  
Neda Bagheri ◽  
Joshua Nathaniel Leonard
Keyword(s):  
Development Process ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Dynamic Models ◽  
Model Development ◽  
Human In The Loop ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
Model Development Process ◽  
Reducing Potential

Mathematical modeling is invaluable for advancing understanding and design of synthetic biological systems. However, the model development process is complicated and often unintuitive, requiring iteration on various computational tasks and comparisons with experimental data. Ad hoc model development can pose a barrier to reproduction and critical analysis of the development process itself, reducing potential impact and inhibiting further model development and collaboration. To help practitioners manage these challenges, we introduce GAMES: a workflow for Generation and Analysis of Models for Exploring Synthetic systems that includes both automated and human-in-the-loop processes. We systematically consider the process of developing dynamic models, including model formulation, parameter estimation, parameter identifiability, experimental design, model reduction, model refinement, and model selection. We demonstrate the workflow with a case study on a chemically responsive transcription factor. The generalizable workflow presented in this tutorial can enable biologists to more readily build and analyze models for various applications.

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