scholarly journals From Rural to Urban Environments: Human/Systems Simulation Research for Low Altitude UAS Traffic Management (UTM)

Author(s):  
Thomas Prevot ◽  
Jeffrey Homola ◽  
Joey Mercer
2019 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Stefan Fuest ◽  
Monika Sester

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> Due to an increasing traffic density in urban environments, the traffic management as well as the society needs to face various problems including congestion, air pollution or a higher probability of accidents. Therefore, it is getting more important to make road users aware of efficient route alternatives to obtain a better distribution of the traffic flow. Since the time for making route decisions is usually limited, the visualization of the information, which should be conveyed, needs to be prepared in a very clear and easily understandable format. In this approach, we propose a framework for automatically visualizing route efficiency based on various environmentally relevant scenarios. Our methods used to create the map visualizations are based on human perception of space, in order to communicate routes and traffic-related situations more intuitively. That is, humans are assumed to mentally abstract the geographic space using various types of distortions rather than perceiving the environment in its actual shape. Based on these concepts, we argue that a perception-based representation of the route, as well as the visual communication of temporary disturbances may not only simplify the navigation process, but also supports an awareness for the current traffic dynamics, which thus may influence route choice behavior towards a more altruistic behavior. In this paper, we further present two algorithmic approaches for automatically abstracting the geometry of a route in more detail, using cartographic generalization techniques - to present the road network in a way, how it might be perceived based on a certain traffic situation.</p>


2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Håkon Jokstad ◽  
Olof Berntsson ◽  
Robert McDonald ◽  
Ronald Boring ◽  
Bruce Hallbert ◽  
...  

Author(s):  
Wee Siong Ng ◽  
Justin Cheng ◽  
XianJun Wang ◽  
Sivakumar Viswanathan

One of the major objectives of Advanced Traffic Management Systems (ATMS) is to reduce traffic congestion in urban environments by improving the efficiency of utilization of existing transport infrastructures. Many creative and efficient technologies have been developed over the years. Although commuters, especially drivers, take a critical part in containing traffic congestion problems, they are playing a passive role in the traffic-management ecosystem. Considerably, this is due to the information asymmetry between ATMS decision makers and commuters; what is missing is a matching mechanism to create a bridge between information providers and information consumers in the mobile environment. The authors’ solution provides an efficient services-centric framework for delivering pertinent information to commuters. Probe vehicles are used to estimate the real-time traffic flow and disseminate this information effectively to users’ mobile devices. A 2-level indexing scheme is designed to effectively index the grid cells which contain the spatial information and a location-aware mobile application and back-end services are also implemented. Processed information is disseminated to users’ mobile devices through wireless means and presented in a user friendly interface. Experimental results show that this system is scalable and responsive.


Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (21) ◽  
pp. 4779 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nader S. Labib ◽  
Grégoire Danoy ◽  
Jedrzej Musial ◽  
Matthias R. Brust ◽  
Pascal Bouvry

The rapid adoption of Internet of Things (IoT) has encouraged the integration of new connected devices such as Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) to the ubiquitous network. UAVs promise a pragmatic solution to the limitations of existing terrestrial IoT infrastructure as well as bring new means of delivering IoT services through a wide range of applications. Owning to their potential, UAVs are expected to soon dominate the low-altitude airspace over populated cities. This introduces new research challenges such as the safe management of UAVs operation under high traffic demands. This paper proposes a novel way of structuring the uncontrolled, low-altitude airspace, with the aim of addressing the complex problem of UAV traffic management at an abstract level. The work, hence, introduces a model of the airspace as a weighted multilayer network of nodes and airways and presents a set of experimental simulation results using three UAV traffic management heuristics.


2006 ◽  
Vol 129 (3) ◽  
pp. 479-487 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cesare A. Hall ◽  
Daniel Crichton

The Silent Aircraft Initiative is a research project funded by the Cambridge-MIT Institute aimed at reducing aircraft noise to the point where it is imperceptible in the urban environments around airports. The propulsion system being developed for this project has a thermodynamic cycle based on an ultrahigh bypass ratio turbofan combined with a variable area exhaust nozzle and an embedded installation. This cycle has been matched to the flight mission and thrust requirements of an all-lifting body airframe, and through precise scheduling of the variable exhaust nozzle, the engine operating conditions have been optimized for maximum thrust at top-of-climb, minimum fuel consumption during cruise, and minimum jet noise at low altitude. This paper proposes engine mechanical arrangements that can meet the cycle requirements and, when installed in an appropriate airframe, will be quiet relative to current turbofans. To reduce the engine weight, a system with a gearbox, or some other form of shaft speed reduction device, is proposed. This is combined with a low-speed fan and a turbine with high gap-chord spacing to further reduce turbomachinery source noise. An engine configuration with three fans driven by a single core is also presented, and this is expected to have further weight, fuel burn, and noise benefits.


Author(s):  
Cesare A. Hall ◽  
Daniel Crichton

The Silent Aircraft Initiative is a research project funded by the Cambridge-MIT Institute aimed at reducing aircraft noise to the point where it is imperceptible in the urban environments around airports. The propulsion system being developed for this project has a thermodynamic cycle based on an ultra-high bypass ratio turbofan combined with a variable area exhaust nozzle and an embedded installation. This cycle has been matched to the flight mission and thrust requirements of an all-lifting body airframe, and through precise scheduling of the variable exhaust nozzle, the engine operating conditions have been optimized for maximum thrust at top-of-climb, minimum fuel consumption during cruise and minimum jet noise at low altitude. This paper proposes engine mechanical arrangements that can meet the cycle requirements and, when installed in an appropriate airframe, will be quiet relative to current turbofans. To reduce the engine weight a system with a gearbox, or some other form of shaft speed reduction device, is proposed. This is combined with a low-speed fan and a turbine with high gap-chord spacing to further reduce turbomachinery source noise. An engine configuration with three fans driven by a single core is also presented and this is expected to have further weight, fuel burn and noise benefits.


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