The X3R Free-Piston Reflected Shock Tunnel: Australia's New Large-Scale, Long-Duration Hypersonic Testing Capability

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel J. Stennett ◽  
David Gildfind ◽  
Peter Jacobs ◽  
Richard Morgan ◽  
Christopher James ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Shock Tunnel ◽  
Free Piston ◽  
Reflected Shock ◽  
Long Duration

Design and Characterization of the Sandia Free-Piston Reflected Shock Tunnel

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyle P. Lynch ◽  
Thomas Grasser ◽  
Paul Farias ◽  
Kyle Daniel ◽  
Russell Spillers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shock Tunnel ◽  
Free Piston ◽  
Reflected Shock

Hypervelocity Flow Simulation

1994 ◽  
Vol 47 (6S) ◽  
pp. S14-S19
Author(s):  
Hans Hornung ◽  
Chihyung Wen ◽  
Patrick Germain
Keyword(s):  
Turbulent Flow ◽  
Flow Simulation ◽  
Shock Tunnel ◽  
Free Piston ◽  
Flow Problems ◽  
Flight Vehicles ◽  
Reflected Shock ◽  
Simulation Techniques

Many of the flow problems associated with flight vehicles designed to reach or return from space can not be solved computationally. It is essential to address them by experiment, in particular, by ground simulation of the flow. The requirements and most successful simulation techniques are described, and their important limitations are discussed. Two selected examples are then presented from the free-piston reflected shock tunnel T5 at Caltech: Dissociating flow over spheres and transition from laminar to turbulent flow on a slender cone.

scholarly journals Development and commissioning of the T6 Stalker Tunnel

2021 ◽  
Vol 62 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Collen ◽  
Luke J. Doherty ◽  
Suria D. Subiah ◽  
Tamara Sopek ◽  
Ingo Jahn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Operating Mode ◽  
Shock Tunnel ◽  
Test Facility ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Free Piston ◽  
High Enthalpy ◽  
Reflected Shock ◽  
Ground Test ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Test Requirements

Abstract The T6 Stalker Tunnel is a multi-mode, high-enthalpy, transient ground test facility. It is the first of its type in the UK. The facility combines the original free-piston driver from the T3 Shock Tunnel with modified barrels from the Oxford Gun Tunnel. Depending on test requirements, it can operate as a shock tube, reflected shock tunnel or expansion tube. Commissioning tests of the free-piston driver are discussed, including the development of four baseline driver conditions using piston masses of either 36 kg or 89 kg. Experimental data are presented for each operating mode, with comparison made to numerical simulations. In general, high-quality test flows are observed. The calculated enthalpy range of the experimental conditions achieved varies from $$2.7\hbox { MJ kg}^{-1}$$ 2.7 MJ kg - 1 to $$115.0\hbox { MJ kg}^{-1}$$ 115.0 MJ kg - 1 . Graphical abstract

Modern developments in hypersonic wind tunnels

2006 ◽  
Vol 110 (1103) ◽  
pp. 21-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Stalker
Keyword(s):  
Shock Tunnel ◽  
Wind Tunnels ◽  
Test Time ◽  
Free Piston ◽  
Reflected Shock ◽  
Driver Gas ◽  
Hypersonic Wind Tunnel ◽  
Shock Tunnels ◽  
Testing Range

AbstractThe development of new methods of producing hypersonic wind-tunnel flows at increasing velocities during the last few decades is reviewed with attention to airbreathing propulsion, hypervelocity aerodynamics and superorbital aerodynamics. The role of chemical reactions in these flows leads to use of a binary scaling simulation parameter, which can be related to the Reynolds number, and which demands that smaller wind tunnels require higher reservoir pressure levels for simulation of flight phenomena. The use of combustion heated vitiated wind tunnels for propulsive research is discussed, as well as the use of reflected shock tunnels for the same purpose. A flight experiment validating shock-tunnel results is described, and relevant developments in shock tunnel instrumentation are outlined. The use of shock tunnels for hypervelocity testing is reviewed, noting the role of driver gas contamination in determining test time, and presenting examples of air dissociation effects on model flows. Extending the hypervelocity testing range into the superorbital regime with useful test times is seen to be possible by use of expansion tube/tunnels with a free piston driver.

Krypton Tagging Velocimetry (KTV) Investigation in the Caltech T5 Reflected-Shock Tunnel

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nick J. Parziale ◽  
Muhammad A. Mustafa ◽  
David Shekhtman ◽  
Joanna M. Austin ◽  
Wesley M. Yu
Keyword(s):  
Shock Tunnel ◽  
Reflected Shock

Free-flight measurement technique in the free-piston high-enthalpy shock tunnel

2014 ◽  
Vol 85 (4) ◽  
pp. 045112 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Tanno ◽  
T. Komuro ◽  
K. Sato ◽  
K. Fujita ◽  
S. J. Laurence
Keyword(s):  
Measurement Technique ◽  
Shock Tunnel ◽  
Free Flight ◽  
Free Piston ◽  
High Enthalpy ◽  
Flight Measurement ◽  
High Enthalpy Shock Tunnel

The Two-Party System in British Politics

1953 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 337-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leslie Lipson
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
Party System ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
British Politics ◽  
State Planning ◽  
Party Government ◽  
Contemporary State ◽  
Long Duration ◽  
Effective System ◽  
Laissez Faire

Britain may fairly be called the classic home of two-party government. This claim is justifiable because of some characteristics for which the system, as employed in Britain, is distinctive. Chief among these is its long duration. Although there is room for disagreement among historians about the time and circumstances of its birth, it would be difficult to deny that two-party government was established earlier, has lasted longer, and at the present time is probably more firmly rooted there than in any contemporary state. Indeed, the practice of simplifying the complexities of politics into a contest for office between a pair of major claimants has endured in Britain through a catalogue of changes which would assuredly have wrecked a less effective system. In that country it has survived the evolution from an oligarchy of aristocrats to a democracy of the whole people; the transfer of power from monarchy to parliament and then from parliament to cabinet; the rise of large-scale industry with its social aftermath; the switch in economic policy from mercantilism to laissez faire and from this to state planning; and withal, the expansion and subsequent shrinkage of Britain's international might.

Correction: Krypton Tagging Velocimetry (KTV) Investigation in the Caltech T5 Reflected-Shock Tunnel

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Shekhtman ◽  
Muhammad A. Mustafa ◽  
Nick J. Parziale ◽  
Wesley M. Yu ◽  
Joanna M. Austin
Keyword(s):  
Shock Tunnel ◽  
Reflected Shock
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