IDENTIFICATION OF A PERSON BY THE DNA OF THE PULP OF THE TOOTH

Aim. The study was designed for conducting a molecular genetic analysis of DNA of the tooth pulp and establishing the genetic relationship of the child and the parent.Materials and methods. The tooth number 16 of the claimed father was provided for the DNA extraction. Saliva samples and DNA preparations of the prospective daughter were obtained for the study. In the course of the research, the M-sorbbone reagent kit was used to isolate DNA from the bone powder.Results. The conducted studies have shown that the DNA preparations isolated from a tooth and the N sample of saliva have the following genotypic allelic combinations. It was established that for each of the studied STP systems in the genome of the claimed father an allele is found, which formally coincides with the allele of conditionally paternal (nonmaternal) origin in the child’s genome.Conclusion. As shown by the results of the study, the only carrier of DNA in a forensic medical molecular genetic examination, in this case, was a tooth, namely, pulp, which was protected by the durable tissues – dentin and enamel. The uniqueness of this case lies in the fact that it is the pulp that is the only tissue that retains the genetic information making it possible to state the high probability of the claimed relationship of the father and the child.

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HUMAN BEING AS THE BEARER OF IDENTIFYING BIOLOGICAL INFORMATION

Criminalistics and Forensics ◽

10.33994/kndise.2020.66.94 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

L. Кotliarenko ◽

А. Коfanov ◽

O. Коfаnоvа ◽

V. Zherebak

Keyword(s):

Genetic Analysis ◽

Dna Analysis ◽

Molecular Genetic ◽

Genetic Research ◽

Molecular Genetic Analysis ◽

Genetic Identification ◽

Criminal Proceedings ◽

Genetic Traits ◽

Criminal Offenses ◽

Genetic Examination

In forensic practice, biological traces of a person are very often used as material evidence - blood, hair, saliva, semen, urine, sweat, as well as parts of organs and tissues. Establishing the origin of these traces from a specific person is very important for the investigation of criminal offenses. The current level of development of molecular genetic research indicates the need to use DNA analysis in the detection and investigation of criminal offenses against a person. Today, molecular genetic identification reveal reliable prospects for solving identification problems in the criminal proceedings and developing the evidence base, and also has a number of advantages over traditional serological methods for studying human biological traces. It should be noted that along with the traditional method of nuclear DNA research, mitochondrial DNA research is also being carried out, which allows solving the problem of molecular genetic examination to establish biological affinity. The value of this method lies in its effectiveness in the study of a small amount of degraded DNA, secretions and heavily damaged objects, the study of which is impossible by traditional methods. When performing a forensic molecular genetic examination for the full identification of the detected traces when examining the places of committed criminal offenses, comparative samples are important, as well as the selection of appropriate biological samples to establish paternity and family ties. Molecular genetic analysis of DNA is only one of the stages of identification, and in order to arrive at the final result, a statistical analysis of the data obtained is necessary, which is especially important when the genotypes of the criminal and the suspect in mixed tracks coincide. For a probable-statistical assessment of the results of the identification significance of the set of established genetic traits, the frequencies of the distribution of the studied alleles in the population are required. Today, the DNA analysis method has become one of the most demanded directions in the development of forensic examinations, and its results are quite reliable evidence of the involvement of a specific person in a crime. Due to its unique capabilities, molecular genetic analysis of DNA is a powerful tool in the investigation of criminal proceedings.

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