scholarly journals Neotypification of Catharus ustulatus (Nuttall)

2021 ◽  
Vol 141 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew R. Halley
Keyword(s):  
The Condor ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 105 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Craig S. Machtans ◽  
Paul B. Latour

Abstract Songbird communities in the boreal forest of the Liard Valley, Northwest Territories, Canada, are described after three years of study. Point count stations (n = 195) were placed in six types of forest (mature deciduous, coniferous, and mixedwood; young forests; wooded bogs; clearcuts) in a 700-km2 area. Vegetation characteristics at each station were also measured. Eighty-five species of birds (59 passerine species) occurred in 11 647 detections. Mixedwood forests had the highest richness of songbirds (∼41 species per 800 individuals) of the six forest types, and contained approximately 30% more individuals than nearly pure coniferous or deciduous forests. Species richness and relative abundance was 10–50% lower than in comparable forests farther south and east, and the difference was most pronounced in deciduous forests. Communities were dominated by a few species, especially Tennessee Warbler (Vermivora peregrina), Magnolia Warbler (Dendroica magnolia), Swainson's Thrush (Catharus ustulatus), Yellow-rumped Warbler (Dendroica coronata) and Chipping Sparrow (Spizella passerina). White-throated Sparrow (Zonotrichia albicollis), a dominant species in boreal forests farther south, was notably scarce in all forests except clearcuts. Clearcuts and wooded bogs had the simplest communities, but had unique species assemblages. Canonical correspondence analysis showed that the bird community was well correlated with vegetation structure. The primary gradient in upland forests was from deciduous to coniferous forests (also young to old, respectively). The secondary gradient was from structurally simple to complex forests. These results allow comparisons with other boreal areas to understand regional patterns and help describe the bird community for conservation purposes. Comunidades de Aves Canoras de Bosques Boreales del Valle de Liard, Territorios del Noroeste, Canadá Resumen. Luego de tres años de estudio, se describen las comunidades de aves canoras de bosques boreales del Valle de Liard, Territorios del Noroeste, Canadá. Se ubicaron estaciones de conteo de punto (n = 195) en seis tipos de bosque (maduro caducifolio, conífero y de maderas mixtas; bosques jóvenes; pantanos arbolados; zonas taladas) en un área de 700 km2. Las características de la vegetación en cada estación también fueron medidas. Se registraron 85 especies de aves (59 especies de paserinas) en 11 647 detecciones. Los bosques mixtos presentaron la mayor riqueza de aves canoras (∼41 especies por 800 individuos) de los seis tipos de bosque, y contuvieron aproximadamente 30% individuos más que los bosques de coníferas y los caducifolios. La riqueza de especies y la abundancia relativa fue 10–50% menor que en bosques comparables más al sur y al este, y la diferencia fue más pronunciada en los bosques caducifolios. Las comunidades estuvieron dominadas por unas pocas especies, especialmente Vermivora peregrina, Dendroica magnolia, Catharus ustulatus, Dendroica coronata y Spizella passerina. Zonotrichia albicollis, una especie dominante en bosques boreales más al sur, fue notablemente escasa en todos los bosques, excepto en las zonas taladas. Las áreas taladas y los pantanos arbolados tuvieron las comunidades más simples, pero presentaron ensamblajes únicos. Análisis de correspondencia canónica mostraron que la comunidad de aves estuvo bien correlacionada con la estructura de la vegetación. El gradiente primario en bosques de zonas altas fue de bosque caducifolio a conífero (también de joven a viejo, respectivamente). El gradiente secundario fue de bosques estructuralmente simples a bosques complejos. Estos resultados permiten hacer comparaciones con otros bosques boreales para entender los patrones regionales y ayudar a describir las comunidades de aves con fines de conservación.


The Auk ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 125 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
SCOTT WILSON ◽  
KEITH A. HOBSON ◽  
DOUGLAS M. COLLISTER ◽  
AMY G. WILSON

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Camille Bégin Marchand ◽  
André Desrochers ◽  
Junior A. Tremblay ◽  
Pascal Côté

AbstractMigration routes vary greatly among small passerine species and populations. It is now possible to determine the routes over great distances and long periods of time with emerging monitoring networks. We tracked individual Swainson’s Thrush (Catharus ustulatus), Bicknell’s Thrush (Catharus bicknelli) and Gray-cheeked Thrush (Catharus minimus) in northeastern Quebec and compared their migration routes and paces across an array of radio-telelemetry stations in North America. Swainson’s Thrush migrated further inland than the other two species. Individuals from all three species slowed their migration pace in the southeastern United States, and Swainson’s Thrush was more likely to stopover than Bicknell’s Thrush. Although individuals were tagged in a small area within or close to their breeding range, the results document the variability of migration routes between species with similar ecological characteristics and provide detailed material to be used for migration studies with broader taxonomic or ecological scope.


The Auk ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 120 (4) ◽  
pp. 1188-1194
Author(s):  
Thomas Gardali ◽  
Daniel C. Barton ◽  
Jennifer D. White ◽  
Geoffrey R. Geupel

Abstract We estimated annual rates of survival for juvenile and adult Swainson's Thrushes (Catharus ustulatus) using capture-recapture analyses from 22 years of mist-neting data in coastal California (n= 2,651 individual captures). Our apparent survival estimate was 56% for adults and 25% for juveniles. We are the first to estimate an annual juvenile survival rate for a Neotropical migrant using capture-recapture probability estimates. Like most estimates of annual survival, we could not distinguish between dispersal away from our study area (which is likely high for juveniles) and mortality. Hence, survival is underestimated. However, our juvenile survival estimate did not include the period from fledging to independence, a time when mortality can be high. Many researchers have assumed juvenile survival to be half that of adult survival in population models (e.g. source-sink). Our juvenile to adult survival ratio was 45% (95% CI = 27 to 65%). We caution researchers from simply assuming that juvenile survival approximates half of adult survival when modeling populations and suggest using a range of values. Using a range of values is prudent because of the potential for annual variation, site-specific variation, and especially because estimates are imprecise or completely lacking.


The Condor ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 107 (2) ◽  
pp. 259-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul G. Rodewald ◽  
Stephen N. Matthews

Abstract Stopover habitat relationships of landbirds are not well known and this constitutes a shortcoming in conservation plans for migratory birds. We compared migrant use of mature upland and riparian forests during spring in an urbanizing landscape within central Ohio. We surveyed stopover migrants along 250-m transects, and quantified both local- and landscape-level habitat characteristics (percent urban and forest land). During spring stopover, migrant abundance was 86% and 118% higher in upland forests for Nearctic-Neotropical transient (long-distance migrants) and temperate transients (short-distance migrants), respectively. Of 27 transient species, 22 species differed in their use of riparian and upland forests, and 20 of those were most abundant in upland forest (e.g., Blue-headed Vireo [Vireo solitarius], Least Flycatcher [Empidonax minimus], Swainson's Thrush [Catharus ustulatus], Nashville Warbler [Vermivora ruficapilla], Magnolia Warbler [Dendroica magnolia], Bay-breasted Warbler [D. castanea], and Ovenbird [Seiurus aurocapillus]). Species richness was 58% and 75% higher in upland forests relative to riparian forests for Neotropical transient and temperate transient groups, respectively. Percent urbanization within 1 km was unrelated to abundance of Neotropical transients and temperate transients. Abundance of Neotropical transients and temperate transients was unrelated to percent forest cover within 1 km. Mature upland and riparian forests differed in that riparian sites had lower percentage of shrub cover, higher percentage of canopy cover, and different species composition of trees. Abundance of Neotropical transients was positively associated with mean canopy height; temperate transients were positively associated with mean number of trees >38 cm DBH and mean percentage of shrub cover. Our data indicate that mature upland forests were more heavily used by migrating landbirds than riparian forests within an urbanizing Midwestern landscape and may represent valuable habitats for the conservation of migratory landbirds within highly fragmented landscapes. Uso de Bosques Riparios y de Llanuras por Aves Terrestres como Hábitats de Paradas Migratorias en un Paisaje Urbano Resumen. Las relaciones de los hábitats que sirven como paradas migratorias para las aves terrestres no están bien conocidas, y esto constituye una deficiencia en los planes de conservación de las aves migratorias. Comparamos el uso de bosques maduros de llanuras y de bosques riparios por parte de aves migratorias durante la primavera en un paisaje que está siendo urbanizado en Ohio central. Registramos aves migratorias en las paradas de migración a lo largo de transectos de 250 m y cuantificamos las características del hábitat tanto a nivel local como a nivel del paisaje (porcentaje de cobertura urbana y de bosque). Durante la parada migratoria de primavera, la abundancia de las aves migratorias en bosques de llanura fue un 86% mayor para las aves transitorias del Neártico-Neotrópico (aves migratorias de larga distancia) y un 118% mayor para las aves transitorias templadas (aves migratorias de corta distancia). De 27 especies transitorias, 22 especies se diferenciaron en su uso de bosque ripario y de llanura, y 20 de éstas fueron más abundantes en bosques de llanura (e.g., Vireo solitarius, Empidonax minimus, Catharus ustulatus, Vermivora ruficapilla, Dendroica magnolia, D. castanea, Seiurus aurocapillus). La riqueza de especies en bosques de llanura con relación a el bosque ripario fue un 58% mayor para los grupos de aves transitorias Neotropicales y un 75% mayor para las aves transitorias templadas. El porcentaje de cobertura de urbanización en un radio de 1 km no se relacionó con la abundancia de aves transitorias Neotropicales ni con las transitorias templadas. La abundancia de las aves transitorias Neotropicales y templadas no se relacionó con la cobertura de bosque dentro de un radio de 1 km. Los bosques maduros de llanura y los bosques riparios se diferenciaron en que los sitios de bosque ripario tuvieron menor cobertura de arbustos, una mayor cobertura de dosel y una composición de especies de árboles diferente. La abundancia de las aves transitorias Neotropicales se relacionó positivamente con la altura promedio del dosel, mientras que las aves transitorias templadas se relacionaron positivamente con el número promedio de árboles con DAP >38 cm y con la cobertura promedio de arbustos. Nuestros datos indican que los bosques maduros de llanuras fueron utilizados con mayor intensidad por aves migratorias terrestres que los bosques riparios en un paisaje urbanizado del medio-oeste, y que estos bosques pueden representar un tipo de hábitat valioso para la conservación de las aves migratorias terrestres en un paisaje altamente fragmentado.


The Condor ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 109 (4) ◽  
pp. 795-807 ◽  
Author(s):  
James R. Tietz ◽  
Matthew D. Johnson

Abstract We investigated selection of stopover habitat by juvenile Swainson's Thrushes (Catharus ustulatus) during fall migration at a site along the northern California coast. The study site vegetation consisted mainly of coniferous forest (pine [Pinus] and spruce [Picea]), with interspersed patches of broadleaf forest (willow [Salix] and alder [Alnus]) in poorly drained swales. For 26 birds captured and radio-tracked in 2002 and 2003, the average minimum stopover duration was 8.9 ± 1.0 days. For 20 of these birds with a sufficient number of locations, the average home range size was 1.9 ± 0.3 ha. Thrushes showed no overall pattern of selection for forest type within the study area or for forest type used inside their home range. Fat and lean birds selected forest types similarly within the study area and their home ranges. However, locations occupied by lean birds had twice as much huckleberry (Vaccinium ovatum) shrub cover and were 1.3 times more concealed by vegetation than locations occupied by fat birds. There were 2.5 times more huckleberries at occupied than random locations, and locations occupied by lean birds had 2.1 times more berries overall than those frequented by fat birds. Fecal analyses confirmed that huckleberries were a commonly consumed food (70% of sampled thrushes), but also revealed that thrushes ate arthropods (87%) and wax myrtle (Myrica californica) bracteoles (43%). The overall lack of forest type selection coupled with differences between fat and lean birds in selection for cover and fruit abundance suggests that fat level may influence microsite selection.


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