scholarly journals Interacción de plantas y concentración de ergovalina en la mezcla de Lotus tenuis y Schedonorus arundinaceus infectada con el hongo Epichloë coenophiala

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 165-174
Author(s):  
Lucas R. Petigrosso ◽  
Matías García ◽  
Osvaldo Vignolio ◽  
Adriana Salvat ◽  
Diego Cristos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lotus Tenuis ◽  
Schedonorus Arundinaceus ◽  
Epichloë Coenophiala

scholarly journals Lotus tenuis and Schedonorus arundinaceus co-culture exposed to defoliation and water stress

2021 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 100-108
Author(s):  
Ileana V. García
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
N2 Fixation ◽  
Root Biomass ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
High Frequencies ◽  
Waterlogged Soil ◽  
Lotus Tenuis ◽  
Carbon Compounds ◽  
Defoliation Frequency ◽  
Schedonorus Arundinaceus

The present study aimed to investigate the effect of defoliation frequency (low and high) and water stress (excess or deficit) on biomass production, P and N nutrition, and symbiosis with native soil microorganisms on a Lotus tenuis and Schedonorus arundinaceus co-culture in a pot experiment. Combined effects of defoliation frequency and water stress affected plant accumulated shoot biomass. L. tenuis root biomass decreased in response to defoliation and water stress, while S. arundinaceus root biomass was similar between non-defoliated and defoliated plants, at all water levels. Low and high frequencies of defoliation in a waterlogged soil can be considered the most stressful scenario for L. tenuis and S. arundinaceus co-culture. Colonization of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in L. tenuis roots and dark septate endophytes colonization in S. arundinaceus roots were affected by both factors, whereas arbuscular mycorrhizal colonization in S. arundinaceus was affected only by water stress. Both plants tolerated defoliation and water stress due to the interaction between the translocation of nutrients and carbon compounds from roots to shoots, and P and N absorption (plus N2 fixation in L. tenuis). Highlights: Both plants tolerated defoliation and water stress due to the interaction between the translocation of nutrients and carbon compounds from roots to shoots, and P and N absorption (plus N2 fixation in tenuis). Low and high frequencies of defoliation in a waterlogged soil can be considered the most stressful scenario for tenuis and S. arundinaceus co-culture. Defoliation frequency increased AM colonization in plant roots under well watered and water deficit conditions. arundinaceus roots were co-colonized by AM fungi and DSE. Promoting the presence of tenuis through low defoliation frequency would improve forage yield and quality with the maintenance of AM symbiosis in legume–grass communities.

scholarly journals Eradication of the fungus Epichloë coenophiala from Schedonorus arundinaceus (tall fescue) seeds by interrupting the vertical transmission process

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 055-062
Author(s):  
Lucas R. Petigrosso ◽  
Osvaldo R. Vignolio ◽  
Ignacio Damiano ◽  
M. Mercedes Echeverría ◽  
Mabel N. Colabelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Transmission ◽  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Transmission Process ◽  
Schedonorus Arundinaceus ◽  
Epichloë Coenophiala

Using Adaptive Management to Restore Grasslands Invaded by Tall Fescue (Schedonorus arundinaceus)

2021 ◽  
Vol 76 ◽  
pp. 84-94
Author(s):  
Jaime J. Coon ◽  
Nicholas J. Lyon ◽  
Edward J. Raynor ◽  
Diane M. Debinski ◽  
James R. Miller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adaptive Management ◽  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Schedonorus Arundinaceus

scholarly journals Long-term preservation of Lotus tenuis adventitious buds

2018 ◽  
Vol 136 (2) ◽  
pp. 373-382 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabiana D. Espasandin ◽  
Elsa A. Brugnoli ◽  
Paula G. Ayala ◽  
Lilian P. Ayala ◽  
Oscar A. Ruiz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adventitious Buds ◽  
Lotus Tenuis ◽  
Long Term Preservation

scholarly journals Physiological Response to Water Deficit Stress with Restricted Rooting in Tall Fescue and Zoysiagrass

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-36
Author(s):  
Travis Culpepper ◽  
Joseph Young ◽  
David T. Montague ◽  
Manish Sapkota ◽  
Eduardo Escamilla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Festuca Arundinacea ◽  
Physiological Response ◽  
Water Deficit Stress ◽  
Zoysia Japonica ◽  
Gross Photosynthesis ◽  
Zoysia Matrella ◽  
Turf Quality ◽  
Green Cover ◽  
Schedonorus Arundinaceus

Abstract Urban soils may restrict turfgrass rooting depth with shallow soil layers in high sand content soils, which may influence water conservation. A greenhouse study sought to quantify water usage and determine the physiological response of turfgrasses at four irrigation levels. ‘ATF-1434′ tall fescue (Schedonorus arundinaceus (Schreb.) Dumort. nom. cons.; syn. Festuca arundinacea Schreb.), ‘Jamur' Japanese lawngrass (Zoysia japonica Steud.), and ‘Zeon' Manilagrass [Zoysia matrella (L.) Merr.] were established in 10 cm (4 in) diameter by 17.8 cm (7 in) tall containers. Each species was irrigated with 16.5, 21.9, 27.3, or 32.7 mm.wk−1 (0.65, 0.86, 1.1, or 1.3 in.wk−1). Gravimetric water loss was determined by pre- and post-irrigation pot weights. Turf quality, leaf discoloration, percent green cover, and gross photosynthesis were evaluated weekly and root parameters were measured at the conclusion of each trial. Although root mass was similar among species, water deficit stress and leaf discoloration occurred sooner in tall fescue than the two Zoysia species, reducing turf quality and green cover. Japanese lawngrass and Manilagrass had greater stomatal conductance, resulting in 109 and 89% higher gross photosynthesis relative to tall fescue. Both zoysiagrasses maintained acceptable turf quality with 27.3 mm water.wk−1. However, tall fescue quality was not acceptable at any irrigation level. Index words: Photosynthesis, gravimetric water loss, tall fescue, Japanese lawngrass, Manilagrass. Species used in this study: Tall fescue (Schedonorus arundinaceus (Schreb.) Dumort. nom. cons.; syn. Festuca arundinacea Schreb.); Japanese lawngrass (Zoysia japonica Steud.); Manilagrass [Zoysia matrella (L.) Merr.].

scholarly journals EFECTO DE LA TEMPERATURA Y SALINIDAD EN LA GERMINACIÓN Y CRECIMIENTO INICIAL DE UN MATERIAL NATURALIZADO DE Lotus tenuis WALDST. & KIT

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-60
Author(s):  
L. MARINONI ◽  
J. M. ZABALA ◽  
J. PATIÑO ◽  
J. F. PENSIERO
Keyword(s):  
Santa Fe ◽  
Lotus Tenuis

Lotus tenuis Waldst. & Kit es una leguminosa perenne tolerante a la salinidad, con difi cultades en su implantación en el centro-norte de Argentina debido al estrés térmico e hídrico sufrido durante el verano. En el presente estudio se evaluó el comportamiento germinativo y crecimiento inicial de una población naturalizada de L. tenuis del centro-norte de Santa Fe, comparado con el cultivar comercial Aguapé. Se analizaron diferentes temperaturas constantes y alternas de germinación y se evaluó el crecimiento inicial en condiciones controladas de luz y temperatura, en ausencia y presencia de estrés salino. Altas temperaturas afectaron negativamente la germinación en ambos materiales, en ausencia y presencia de salinidad, hallándose la mayor tolerancia a salinidad a la temperatura constante más baja y alterna. La presencia de sales afectó la producción de  biomasa en crecimiento inicial, aunque la partición no se vio afectada.El cv. comercial Aguapé, presentó mayor producción de biomasa que el material naturalizado.

Habilidad competitiva entre plantas de festuca alta libres e infectadas con hongo endófito bajo cosecha.

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 37-45
Author(s):  
Lucas Ricardo Petigrosso ◽  
Julieta Martinez Verneri ◽  
Osvaldo Néstor Fernández
Keyword(s):  
Epichloë Coenophiala

Dado el aumento de la incidencia del endófito Epichloë coenophiala en pasturas de festuca alta y el consecuente riesgo de intoxicación del ganado por festucosis, resulta importante comprender qué papel juega la competencia entre plantas infectadas (E+) y libre de endófito (E-) en interacción con la defoliación, en el aumento de la frecuencia de E+ sobre E-. Se realizó un experimento de competencia de tipo sustitutivo en macetas a campo. Se emplearon 4 genotipos de festuca E+ y E- (remoción con fungicida y clonación). Los clones E- y E+ fueron utilizados en tres niveles de tratamiento: monoculturas E+E+, monoculturas E-E- y mezclas 1:1 E+E-, a densidad constante de 8 plantas/maceta (2 por genotipo), combinados con dos niveles de defoliación (sin y con corte mecánico). Los cortes de biomasa aérea se efectuaron cada 2 semanas a 3 cm del suelo. La simbiosis endófito-festuca no se tradujo en una mayor biomasa aérea de las monoculturas E+E+ respecto a las E-E-, independientemente del tratamiento de corte. En el tratamiento testigo sin defoliación, las monoculturas E-E- produjeron mayor biomasa que las E+E+, sugiriendo un costo neto de la asociación simbiótica en esta condición. Cuando ambos fenotipos crecieron en mezclas 1:1, las plantas E+ se comportaron como dominantes, de acuerdo a los índices de competencia estimados. Contrariamente a los esperado, ni los cortes periódicos ni la provisión de condiciones de crecimiento sin restricciones de recursos, neutralizaron los efectos positivos de la simbiosis sobre plantas E+, creciendo en mezcla 1:1 con plantas E-. La incidencia de infección en mezclas E+E- tendería a aumentar, al menos en condiciones favorables para el crecimiento de las plantas y en ausencia de otros herbívoros que podrían ser disuadidos por plantas E+.

scholarly journals Impact of Water Level on Species Quantity and Composition Grown from the Soil Seed Bank of the Inland Salt Marsh: An Ex-Situ Experiment

Land ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 533
Author(s):  
Eva Čížková ◽  
Jana Navrátilová ◽  
Stanislav Martinát ◽  
Josef Navrátil ◽  
Ryan J. Frazier
Keyword(s):  
Salt Marsh ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Water Level ◽  
Seed Bank ◽  
Multidimensional Analysis ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Individual Species ◽  
Lotus Tenuis ◽  
Number Of Species ◽  
The Impact

The near elimination of inland salt marshes in Central Europe occurred throughout the 19th and 20th centuries, and the currently remaining marshes exist in a degraded condition. This work examines the impact of groundwater level on the growth of plants from a seed bank obtained from a degraded salt marsh in proximity to still existing one through an ex-situ experiment. An experimental tank was set up with the sample seed bank experiencing differing levels of water level. There were 1233 specimens of 44 taxa grown from the seed bank, of which 5 species were abundant, and 10 species are considered as halophytes. Only Lotus tenuis from halophytes was more abundant, and only five species of halophytes were represented by more than three individuals. The water level has a significant impact on the number of species (based on linear regression analysis) as well as species distribution among different water level treatments (a non-metric multidimensional analysis (nMDS) followed by linear regression). The results show a strong negative relationship between the average water level and the number of species. The water level did not affect the species composition of halophytes, but differences in individual species abundances were found among the halophytes. The species Bupleurum tenuissimum, Crypsis schoenoides, Melilotus dentatus, and Plantago maritima grew on the drier and non-inundated soils. Tripolium pannonicum, Spergularia maritima, and Lotus tenuis grew on both wet and dry soils. Trifolium fragiferum and Bolboschoenus maritimus were found in places with water stagnant at the soil level. Pulicaria dysenterica grew in inundated soil.

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