Submicroscopic characteristics of the lacrimal fluid in vitreomacular traction syndrome, diabetic retinopathy compared with the norm

Reflection ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-30
Author(s):  
A.V. Eremina ◽  
◽  
D.V. Chernykh ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Anterior Part ◽  
Vitreomacular Traction ◽  
Multivesicular Bodies ◽  
Electronic Microscopy ◽  
Lacrimal Fluid ◽  
Vitreomacular Traction Syndrome ◽  
Ophthalmic Diseases ◽  
Cell Fragments

Study of the lacrimal fluid (LF) as a constant microenvironment of the anterior part of the eye which is the only atraumatically accessible substrate for the diagnosis and research of ophthalmic diseases, such as vitreomacular traction syndrome (VMTS), diabetic retinopathy (DR), makes it possible to study it using electronic microscopy methods. All studied LF samples contain cells and cell fragments; exosomes which are vesicles (40–100 nm) localized in multivesicular bodies, transmitting signals between cells and carrying markers of many diseases. Analysis of the samples revealed changes in the occurrence of these structures in VMTS and DR in comparison with healthy subjects. In this work, the components of the LF were visualized and their changes were established in DR and VMTS, which proves the value of the LF as a diagnostic substrate and determines the need for further research in order to formulate clear criteria for the diagnosis of these diseases in the early stages. Key words: lacrimal fluid; electronic microscopy; vitreomacular traction syndrome; diabetic retinopathy.

scholarly journals Foveal avascular zone segmentation in optical coherence tomography angiography images using a deep learning approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Reza Mirshahi ◽  
Pasha Anvari ◽  
Hamid Riazi-Esfahani ◽  
Mahsa Sardarinia ◽  
Masood Naseripour ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Deep Learning ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography ◽  
Validation Dataset ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Dice Similarity Coefficient ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Avascular Zone

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to introduce a new deep learning (DL) model for segmentation of the fovea avascular zone (FAZ) in en face optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) and compare the results with those of the device’s built-in software and manual measurements in healthy subjects and diabetic patients. In this retrospective study, FAZ borders were delineated in the inner retinal slab of 3 × 3 enface OCTA images of 131 eyes of 88 diabetic patients and 32 eyes of 18 healthy subjects. To train a deep convolutional neural network (CNN) model, 126 enface OCTA images (104 eyes with diabetic retinopathy and 22 normal eyes) were used as training/validation dataset. Then, the accuracy of the model was evaluated using a dataset consisting of OCTA images of 10 normal eyes and 27 eyes with diabetic retinopathy. The CNN model was based on Detectron2, an open-source modular object detection library. In addition, automated FAZ measurements were conducted using the device’s built-in commercial software, and manual FAZ delineation was performed using ImageJ software. Bland–Altman analysis was used to show 95% limit of agreement (95% LoA) between different methods. The mean dice similarity coefficient of the DL model was 0.94 ± 0.04 in the testing dataset. There was excellent agreement between automated, DL model and manual measurements of FAZ in healthy subjects (95% LoA of − 0.005 to 0.026 mm2 between automated and manual measurement and 0.000 to 0.009 mm2 between DL and manual FAZ area). In diabetic eyes, the agreement between DL and manual measurements was excellent (95% LoA of − 0.063 to 0.095), however, there was a poor agreement between the automated and manual method (95% LoA of − 0.186 to 0.331). The presence of diabetic macular edema and intraretinal cysts at the fovea were associated with erroneous FAZ measurements by the device’s built-in software. In conclusion, the DL model showed an excellent accuracy in detection of FAZ border in enfaces OCTA images of both diabetic patients and healthy subjects. The DL and manual measurements outperformed the automated measurements of the built-in software.

scholarly journals Volume rendered 3D OCTA assessment of macular ischemia in patients with type 1 diabetes and without diabetic retinopathy

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Enrico Borrelli ◽  
Domenico Grosso ◽  
Mariacristina Parravano ◽  
Eliana Costanzo ◽  
Maria Brambati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Diabetic Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Vascular Volume ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Perfusion Density

AbstractThe aim of this study was to measure macular perfusion in patients with type 1 diabetes and no signs of diabetic retinopathy (DR) using volume rendered three-dimensional (3D) optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA). We collected data from 35 patients with diabetes and no DR who had OCTA obtained. An additional control group of 35 eyes from 35 healthy subjects was included for comparison. OCTA volume data were processed with a previously presented algorithm in order to obtain the 3D vascular volume and 3D perfusion density. In order to weigh the contribution of different plexuses’ impairment to volume rendered vascular perfusion, OCTA en face images were binarized in order to obtain two-dimensional (2D) perfusion density metrics. Mean ± SD age was 27.2 ± 10.2 years [range 19–64 years] in the diabetic group and 31.0 ± 11.4 years [range 19–61 years] in the control group (p = 0.145). The 3D vascular volume was 0.27 ± 0.05 mm3 in the diabetic group and 0.29 ± 0.04 mm3 in the control group (p = 0.020). The 3D perfusion density was 9.3 ± 1.6% and 10.3 ± 1.6% in diabetic patients and controls, respectively (p = 0.005). Using a 2D visualization, the perfusion density was lower in diabetic patients, but only at the deep vascular complex (DVC) level (38.9 ± 3.7% in diabetes and 41.0 ± 3.1% in controls, p = 0.001), while no differences were detected at the superficial capillary plexus (SCP) level (34.4 ± 3.1% and 34.3 ± 3.8% in the diabetic and healthy subjects, respectively, p = 0.899). In conclusion, eyes without signs of DR of patients with diabetes have a reduced volume rendered macular perfusion compared to control healthy eyes.

scholarly journals Concurrent vitrectomy for persistent pupillary membrane complicated by severe myopia and vitreomacular traction syndrome

Medicine ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 99 (26) ◽  
pp. e20895
Author(s):  
Hiroyuki Nishi ◽  
Ryohsuke Kohmoto ◽  
Masashi Mimura ◽  
Masanori Fukumoto ◽  
Takaki Sato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitreomacular Traction ◽  
Vitreomacular Traction Syndrome

Tetrahedral framework nucleic acids prevent retina ischemia-reperfusion injury from oxidative stress via activating the Akt/Nrf2 pathway

Nanoscale ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (43) ◽  
pp. 20667-20675 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Qin ◽  
Ni Li ◽  
Mei Zhang ◽  
Shiyu Lin ◽  
Junyao Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Arterial Occlusion ◽  
Retinal Ischemia ◽  
Tetrahedral Framework ◽  
Nrf2 Pathway ◽  
Retinal Arterial Occlusion ◽  
Ophthalmic Diseases

Retinal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injuries are involved in the universal pathological processes of many ophthalmic diseases, including glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy, and retinal arterial occlusion.

scholarly journals Artefacts of ganglion cell complex analysis in eyes with vitreomacular traction syndrome

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (6) ◽  
pp. 844-847
Author(s):  
Hugh J. Slifirski ◽  
Queena Qin ◽  
Mathew Rawlings ◽  
Devinder S. Chauhan
Keyword(s):  
Ganglion Cell ◽  
Complex Analysis ◽  
Cell Complex ◽  
Vitreomacular Traction ◽  
Ganglion Cell Complex ◽  
Vitreomacular Traction Syndrome
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