scholarly journals THE DWELLING AT THE EARLY NEOLITHIC SITE OF BAYBEK IN THE NORTHERN CASPIAN REGION

2021 ◽  
pp. 142-155
Author(s):  
Т. Ю. Гречкина ◽  
А. А. Выборнов ◽  
Ю. С. Лебедев
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Wild Species ◽  
Red Deer ◽  
Lipid Analysis ◽  
Stone Tools ◽  
Caspian Region ◽  
Early Neolithic ◽  
Design Features ◽  
Exterior Surface ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates

Статья посвящена результатам исследования жилища на стоянке Байбек в Северном Прикаспии. Планиграфические данные позволили представить его конфигурацию, размеры и конструктивные особенности. Стратиграфические наблюдения свидетельствуют о специфике его функционирования. Технико-типологические признаки керамического и каменного инвентаря подтверждают культурное единство комплекса и его отношение к каиршакскому типу. Радиоуглеродные даты указывают на начало первой четверти VI тыс. до н. э. и подтверждают сооружение заглубленных в материк жилищ на данной территории уже в раннем неолите. Палинологические образцы дают информацию не только о природно-климатической ситуации в этот период, но и о строительных деталях жилища. В археозоологических определениях представлены лишь дикие виды животных (преобладают кулан и благородный олень) и рыб. Липидный анализ показал, что в нагаре содержатся признаки растительной и животной пищи. Вся совокупность данных свидетельствует, что Северный Прикаспий был одним из наиболее ранних регионов перехода к неолиту в Восточной Европе. . The paper presents results of studying a dwelling at Baybek in the northern Caspian region. Planigraphic data enabled the authors to describe its configuration, size and design features. Stratigraphical observations demonstrate specific features of its use. Technical and typological traits of ceramic and stone tools confirm that all objects from this assemblage belong to the same culture of the Kairshak type. Radiocarbon dates put the site around the beginning of the first quarter of 6 mill. BC and confirm that sunken-bottomed dwellings were constructed in this area in the Early Neolithic. Palynological samples provide information not only on the nature and the climatic situation in that period, but also on construction elements of the dwellings. Archaeozoological assemblage includes only wild species of animals (kulan and red deer prevailing) and fish. According to the lipid analysis, encrusted deposits adhering to the interior or exterior surface of vessels are associated with plant and animal food. The corpus of data clearly demonstrates that the northern Caspian region was one of the earliest territories in Eastern Europe where transition to the Neolithic took place.

scholarly journals Сhronology of early Neolithic materials of the site Sakhtysh IIa (Central Russia)

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 176-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Dolbunova ◽  
Elena Kostyleva ◽  
Marianna Kulkova ◽  
John Meadows ◽  
Andrey Mazurkevich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
Core Area ◽  
Early Neolithic ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
The Core ◽  
Upper Volga ◽  
Central Russia ◽  
Pottery Sherds ◽  
Early Pottery

The Upper Volga culture (UVC) in the Volga and Oka basin is one of the earliest pottery cultures in Eastern Europe. The Sakhtysh IIa site is attributed to the core area of the UVC, with pottery encompassing all stages of this culture. A detailed analysis of artefact deposition in different lay­ers allows the creation of chronological models of early pottery development in this region. A series of new radiocarbon dates of food crust on pottery sherds which typologically belong to different stages of UVC at Sakhtysh IIa, as well as an overview of the oldest pottery are presented in this article.

scholarly journals Radiocarbon chronology of the Neolithic in the Povolzhye (Russian Eastern Europe)

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 224-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Alexeevich Vybornov ◽  
Marianna Alexeevna Kulkova ◽  
Konstantin Andreev ◽  
Eugeny Nesterov
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Cultural Development ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Early Neolithic ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Radiocarbon Chronology

The radiocarbon dates obtained on materials from archaeological sites of the Low and Middle Povolzhye are presented in this article. The analysis of the complex of radiocarbon dates allowed a determination of the most appropriate dates for forming chronological schemes of cultural development in this region. The chronological frameworks of the Early Neolithic in the Low Povolzhye were determined from 6600–5500 cal BC; in the Middle Povolzhye they are from 6500 to 4600 cal BC.

scholarly journals Radiocarbon chronology of the Neolithic in the Povolzhye (Russian Eastern Europe)

10.4312/dp.14 ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 224
Author(s):  
Alexander Alexeevich Vybornov ◽  
Marianna Alexeevna Kulkova ◽  
Konstantin Andreev ◽  
Eugeny Nesterov
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Cultural Development ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Early Neolithic ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Radiocarbon Chronology

The radiocarbon dates obtained on materials from archaeological sites of the Low and Middle Povolzhye are presented in this article. The analysis of the complex of radiocarbon dates allowed a determination of the most appropriate dates for forming chronological schemes of cultural development in this region. The chronological frameworks of the Early Neolithic in the Low Povolzhye were determined from 6600–5500 cal BC; in the Middle Povolzhye they are from 6500 to 4600 cal BC.

scholarly journals The oldest pottery in hunter-gatherer communitiesand models of Neolithisation of Eastern Europe

2015 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Mazurkevich ◽  
Ekaterina Dolbunova
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Pottery Production ◽  
Early Neolithic ◽  
Archaeological Evidence ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Middle Volga

The characteristics of the oldest pottery in Eastern Europe, located in three main regions, the Lower Don and Lower and Middle Volga, and a description of different Early Neolithic types of pottery production are described in this article. We present ideas on how and when the oldest pottery traditions were distributed through Eastern Europe according to radiocarbon dates. Also, models of the Neolithisation of Eastern Europe are suggested based on archaeological evidence and absolute chronology.

scholarly journals Сhronology of early Neolithic materials of the site Sakhtysh IIa (Central Russia)

10.4312/dp.11 ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 176
Author(s):  
Ekaterina Dolbunova ◽  
Elena Kostyleva ◽  
Marianna Kulkova ◽  
John Meadows ◽  
Andrey Mazurkevich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
Core Area ◽  
Early Neolithic ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
The Core ◽  
Upper Volga ◽  
Central Russia ◽  
Pottery Sherds ◽  
Early Pottery

The Upper Volga culture (UVC) in the Volga and Oka basin is one of the earliest pottery cultures in Eastern Europe. The Sakhtysh IIa site is attributed to the core area of the UVC, with pottery encompassing all stages of this culture. A detailed analysis of artefact deposition in different lay­ers allows the creation of chronological models of early pottery development in this region. A series of new radiocarbon dates of food crust on pottery sherds which typologically belong to different stages of UVC at Sakhtysh IIa, as well as an overview of the oldest pottery are presented in this article.

scholarly journals The pottery of the final phase of sperrings culture

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-144
Author(s):  
Konstantin Enrikovich German
Keyword(s):  
Stone Tools ◽  
Advanced Stage ◽  
Final Phase ◽  
Early Neolithic ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Ancient Population ◽  
Mixed Complexes ◽  
Pattern Characteristic ◽  
Characteristic Features ◽  
Main Pattern

The paper is devoted to the poorly studied final period of the existence of Early Neolithic Sperrings culture. There are few settlements of this period - Voynavolok XX, Sandermoha II, Pindushi and Sulgu Va, they are presented in mixed complexes with proscenium stone tools and the absence of radiocarbon dates. No transitional complexes between the developed and final stages of the sperrings culture have been identified. The ceramics of the final stage has a number of differences from the classic sperrings. This lack of ornamentation imprints fish vertebra and the retreating lines. At the same time there are imprints of the corded stamps and oval (rhomboid) pits, round-conical pits marked on the main pattern - characteristic features of the advanced stage of the sperrings culture. The main ornament is horizontal zones inclined right and left with a short-cut or corded stamps, comb stamp or oval (rhomboid) pits that form a vertical zigzag lines coated on top of horizontal belts of round-conical pits, sometimes arranged in a staggered manner. Such a change of pottery decoration hasnt been noted by experts studying early Neolithic ceramics of Karelia due to a small number of vessels and their presence in mixed complexes. Therefore, the development of the sperrings culture is likely to have been continued in some areas of South Karelia, but it is poorly recorded due to the refusal of the ancient population to use a fish vertebra as ornamentation as well as the transition to comb stamps.

scholarly journals About Ancient Ceramic Traditions of the Population of the Northern Caspian Region

2020 ◽  
pp. 141-151
Author(s):  
Aleksandr Vybornov ◽  
Irina Vasilyeva ◽  
Marianna Kulkova ◽  
Markku Oinonen ◽  
Göran Possnert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Physical Modeling ◽  
Ceramic Technology ◽  
Caspian Region ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
Pottery Technology ◽  
Cultural Approach ◽  
Ancient Ceramic ◽  
Field And Laboratory Conditions ◽  
Further Development

Introduction. The territory of the Northern Caspian region plays an important role in the study of the Neolithic of Eastern Europe. The main criterion of this period is clay pottery. One of the difficult issues is the time of the ceramic technology appearance. Methods and materials. The study of the pottery technology of the Neolithic population of the Northern Caspian region is carried out in the framework of the historical and cultural approach to the study of ceramics, according to the method of A. Bobrinsky. The technique is based on binocular microscopy, tracology and experiment in the form of physical modeling. The basis for identifying technological traces on ceramics is the comparative analysis of the vessels under study with the base of standards. It is made by means of physical modeling in field and laboratory conditions. The age of the Neolithic monuments was determined using traditional methods in radiocarbon laboratories in Russia and Ukraine, as well as using AMS at universities in Sweden and Finland. Analysis. Over the past 10 years, more than 68 radiocarbon dates on different materials such as charcoal, bones, organics from ceramics, charred crusts, humus have been obtained. They give the possibility to determine the time of appearance and spread of the earliest pottery in the Northern Caspian region. This is the middle 7th millennium BC. The chronological framework for the development of the Neolithic in the Northern Caspian region is ca. 6600–5500 BC. The paper establishes the main and specific features of ceramic traditions. Results.The technical and technological analysis allows to reveal the genesis, the features of dynamics and further development of pottery in this region. The complex of results obtained allows to attribute the Neolithic sites of the Caspian region to the earliest pottery areal in Eastern Europe.

scholarly journals The earliest evidence for dwelling construction in the Upper Palaeolithic of Eastern Europe: a 30,000-year-old surface structure from Mira layer I

Vita Antiqua ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 43-54
Author(s):  
V.N. Stepanchuk ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Surface Structure ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
East European Plain ◽  
Upper Palaeolithic ◽  
Interior Space ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
East European ◽  
Surface Dwelling ◽  
Layer I

The purpose of this article is to present data on the surface structure identified in the upper layer of the Mira site in the Dnieper valley. The occupation of layer I, based on a set of consistent data, constitutes the remains of a seasonal winter camp of Pleistocene horse hunters. Ten available radiocarbon dates place the calibrated age of layer I between 31,000 to 28,000 cal BP. The rapid albeit gentle overlapping of the settlement remains with alluvial sediments ensured that the original settlement and dwelling patterns and their elements survived well. Thanks to this, it is possible to reconstruct some significant aspects of the construction process, as well as details of the arrangement of the dwelling’s interior space. A 30,000-year-old, permanent skeleton cylindrical yaranga type surface construction from Mira layer I is currently representing the oldest dwelling known in the Upper Palaeolithic of Ukraine and a broader context of the steppe zone of the East European plain. Keywords: Upper Palaeolithic, surface dwelling, Eastern Europe

scholarly journals Radiocarbon dates, climatic events, and social dynamics during the Early Neolithic in Mediterranean Iberia

2016 ◽  
Vol 403 ◽  
pp. 201-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joan Bernabeu Aubán ◽  
Oreto García Puchol ◽  
Michael Barton ◽  
Sarah McClure ◽  
Salvador Pardo Gordó
Keyword(s):  
Social Dynamics ◽  
Early Neolithic ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates

scholarly journals Dispersals as demographic processes: testing and describing the spread of the Neolithic in the Balkans

2020 ◽  
Vol 376 (1816) ◽  
pp. 20200231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc Vander Linden ◽  
Fabio Silva
Keyword(s):  
Food Production ◽  
Population History ◽  
Early Neolithic ◽  
Theme Issue ◽  
Radiocarbon Dates ◽  
The Balkans ◽  
Demographic Processes ◽  
South Eastern Europe ◽  
Density Dependent Dispersal

Although population history and dispersal are back at the forefront of the archaeological agenda, they are often studied in relative isolation. This contribution aims at combining both dimensions, as population dispersal is, by definition, a demographic process. Using a case study drawn from the Early Neolithic of South-Eastern Europe, we use radiocarbon dates to jointly investigate changes in speed and population size linked to the new food production economy and demonstrate that the spread of farming in this region corresponds to a density-dependent dispersal process. The implications of this characterization are evaluated in the discussion. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Cross-disciplinary approaches to prehistoric demography’.

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